diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md
index 57e3a3d4f..97ec7bec4 100644
--- a/CHANGES.md
+++ b/CHANGES.md
@@ -1,5 +1,29 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## Dendrite 0.13.5 (2023-12-12)
+
+Upgrading to this version is **highly** recommended, as it fixes several long-standing bugs in
+our CanonicalJSON implementation.
+
+### Fixes
+
+- Convert unicode escapes to lowercase (gomatrixserverlib)
+- Fix canonical json utf-16 surrogate pair detection logic (gomatrixserverlib)
+- Handle negative zero and exponential numbers in Canonical JSON verification (gomatrixserverlib)
+- Avoid logging unnecessary messages when unable to fetch server keys if multiple fetchers are used (gomatrixserverlib)
+- Issues around the device list updater have been fixed, which should ensure that there are always
+  workers available to process incoming device list updates.
+- A panic in the `/hierarchy` endpoints used for spaces has been fixed (client-server and server-server API)
+- Fixes around the way we handle database transactions (including a potential connection leak)
+- ACLs are now updated when received as outliers
+- A race condition, which could lead to bridges instantly leaving a room after joining it, between the SyncAPI and
+  Appservices has been fixed
+
+### Features
+
+- **Appservice login is now supported!**
+- Users can now kick themselves (used by some bridges)
+
 ## Dendrite 0.13.4 (2023-10-25)
 
 Upgrading to this version is **highly** recommended, as it fixes a long-standing bug in the state resolution
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 8c8f1588f..523857ccc 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 #
 # base installs required dependencies and runs go mod download to cache dependencies
 #
-FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} docker.io/golang:1.21-alpine AS base
+# Pinned to alpine3.18 until https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/1164 is solved
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} docker.io/golang:1.21-alpine3.18 AS base
 RUN apk --update --no-cache add bash build-base curl git
 
 #
diff --git a/appservice/appservice_test.go b/appservice/appservice_test.go
index eca63371d..aa2af9f24 100644
--- a/appservice/appservice_test.go
+++ b/appservice/appservice_test.go
@@ -14,8 +14,18 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/clientapi"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/clientapi/auth/authtypes"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/statistics"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/types"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi"
+	uapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
@@ -407,3 +417,190 @@ func TestRoomserverConsumerOneInvite(t *testing.T) {
 		close(evChan)
 	})
 }
+
+// Note: If this test panics, it is because we timed out waiting for the
+// join event to come through to the appservice and we close the DB/shutdown Dendrite. This makes the
+// syncAPI unhappy, as it is unable to write to the database.
+func TestOutputAppserviceEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	alice := test.NewUser(t)
+	bob := test.NewUser(t)
+
+	test.WithAllDatabases(t, func(t *testing.T, dbType test.DBType) {
+		cfg, processCtx, closeDB := testrig.CreateConfig(t, dbType)
+		defer closeDB()
+		cm := sqlutil.NewConnectionManager(processCtx, cfg.Global.DatabaseOptions)
+		natsInstance := &jetstream.NATSInstance{}
+
+		evChan := make(chan struct{})
+
+		caches := caching.NewRistrettoCache(128*1024*1024, time.Hour, caching.DisableMetrics)
+		// Create required internal APIs
+		rsAPI := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(processCtx, cfg, cm, natsInstance, caches, caching.DisableMetrics)
+		rsAPI.SetFederationAPI(nil, nil)
+
+		// Create the router, so we can hit `/joined_members`
+		routers := httputil.NewRouters()
+
+		accessTokens := map[*test.User]userDevice{
+			bob: {},
+		}
+
+		usrAPI := userapi.NewInternalAPI(processCtx, cfg, cm, natsInstance, rsAPI, nil, caching.DisableMetrics, testIsBlacklistedOrBackingOff)
+		clientapi.AddPublicRoutes(processCtx, routers, cfg, natsInstance, nil, rsAPI, nil, nil, nil, usrAPI, nil, nil, caching.DisableMetrics)
+		createAccessTokens(t, accessTokens, usrAPI, processCtx.Context(), routers)
+
+		room := test.NewRoom(t, alice)
+
+		// Invite Bob
+		room.CreateAndInsert(t, alice, spec.MRoomMember, map[string]interface{}{
+			"membership": "invite",
+		}, test.WithStateKey(bob.ID))
+
+		// create a dummy AS url, handling the events
+		srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			var txn consumers.ApplicationServiceTransaction
+			err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&txn)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			for _, ev := range txn.Events {
+				if ev.Type != spec.MRoomMember {
+					continue
+				}
+				if ev.StateKey != nil && *ev.StateKey == bob.ID {
+					membership := gjson.GetBytes(ev.Content, "membership").Str
+					t.Logf("Processing membership: %s", membership)
+					switch membership {
+					case spec.Invite:
+						// Accept the invite
+						joinEv := room.CreateAndInsert(t, bob, spec.MRoomMember, map[string]interface{}{
+							"membership": "join",
+						}, test.WithStateKey(bob.ID))
+
+						if err := rsapi.SendEvents(context.Background(), rsAPI, rsapi.KindNew, []*types.HeaderedEvent{joinEv}, "test", "test", "test", nil, false); err != nil {
+							t.Fatalf("failed to send events: %v", err)
+						}
+					case spec.Join: // the AS has received the join event, now hit `/joined_members` to validate that
+						rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+						req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/_matrix/client/v3/rooms/"+room.ID+"/joined_members", nil)
+						req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessTokens[bob].accessToken)
+						routers.Client.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+						if rec.Code != http.StatusOK {
+							t.Fatalf("expected HTTP 200, got %d: %s", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+						}
+
+						// Both Alice and Bob should be joined. If not, we have a race condition
+						if !gjson.GetBytes(rec.Body.Bytes(), "joined."+alice.ID).Exists() {
+							t.Errorf("Alice is not joined to the room") // in theory should not happen
+						}
+						if !gjson.GetBytes(rec.Body.Bytes(), "joined."+bob.ID).Exists() {
+							t.Errorf("Bob is not joined to the room")
+						}
+						evChan <- struct{}{}
+					default:
+						t.Fatalf("Unexpected membership: %s", membership)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}))
+		defer srv.Close()
+
+		as := &config.ApplicationService{
+			ID:              "someID",
+			URL:             srv.URL,
+			ASToken:         "",
+			HSToken:         "",
+			SenderLocalpart: "senderLocalPart",
+			NamespaceMap: map[string][]config.ApplicationServiceNamespace{
+				"users":   {{RegexpObject: regexp.MustCompile(bob.ID)}},
+				"aliases": {{RegexpObject: regexp.MustCompile(room.ID)}},
+			},
+		}
+		as.CreateHTTPClient(cfg.AppServiceAPI.DisableTLSValidation)
+
+		// Create a dummy application service
+		cfg.AppServiceAPI.Derived.ApplicationServices = []config.ApplicationService{*as}
+
+		// Prepare AS Streams on the old topic to validate that they get deleted
+		jsCtx, _ := natsInstance.Prepare(processCtx, &cfg.Global.JetStream)
+
+		token := jetstream.Tokenise(as.ID)
+		if err := jetstream.JetStreamConsumer(
+			processCtx.Context(), jsCtx, cfg.Global.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.OutputRoomEvent),
+			cfg.Global.JetStream.Durable("Appservice_"+token),
+			50, // maximum number of events to send in a single transaction
+			func(ctx context.Context, msgs []*nats.Msg) bool {
+				return true
+			},
+		); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		// Start the syncAPI to have `/joined_members` available
+		syncapi.AddPublicRoutes(processCtx, routers, cfg, cm, natsInstance, usrAPI, rsAPI, caches, caching.DisableMetrics)
+
+		// start the consumer
+		appservice.NewInternalAPI(processCtx, cfg, natsInstance, usrAPI, rsAPI)
+
+		// At this point, the old JetStream consumers should be deleted
+		for consumer := range jsCtx.Consumers(cfg.Global.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.OutputRoomEvent)) {
+			if consumer.Name == cfg.Global.JetStream.Durable("Appservice_"+token)+"Pull" {
+				t.Fatalf("Consumer still exists")
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Create the room, this triggers the AS to receive an invite for Bob.
+		if err := rsapi.SendEvents(context.Background(), rsAPI, rsapi.KindNew, room.Events(), "test", "test", "test", nil, false); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to send events: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		select {
+		// Pretty generous timeout duration...
+		case <-time.After(time.Millisecond * 1000): // wait for the AS to process the events
+			t.Errorf("Timed out waiting for join event")
+		case <-evChan:
+		}
+		close(evChan)
+	})
+}
+
+type userDevice struct {
+	accessToken string
+	deviceID    string
+	password    string
+}
+
+func createAccessTokens(t *testing.T, accessTokens map[*test.User]userDevice, userAPI uapi.UserInternalAPI, ctx context.Context, routers httputil.Routers) {
+	t.Helper()
+	for u := range accessTokens {
+		localpart, serverName, _ := gomatrixserverlib.SplitID('@', u.ID)
+		userRes := &uapi.PerformAccountCreationResponse{}
+		password := util.RandomString(8)
+		if err := userAPI.PerformAccountCreation(ctx, &uapi.PerformAccountCreationRequest{
+			AccountType: u.AccountType,
+			Localpart:   localpart,
+			ServerName:  serverName,
+			Password:    password,
+		}, userRes); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("failed to create account: %s", err)
+		}
+		req := test.NewRequest(t, http.MethodPost, "/_matrix/client/v3/login", test.WithJSONBody(t, map[string]interface{}{
+			"type": authtypes.LoginTypePassword,
+			"identifier": map[string]interface{}{
+				"type": "m.id.user",
+				"user": u.ID,
+			},
+			"password": password,
+		}))
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		routers.Client.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+		if rec.Code != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to login: %s", rec.Body.String())
+		}
+		accessTokens[u] = userDevice{
+			accessToken: gjson.GetBytes(rec.Body.Bytes(), "access_token").String(),
+			deviceID:    gjson.GetBytes(rec.Body.Bytes(), "device_id").String(),
+			password:    password,
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go b/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go
index e8b9211c4..b7fc1f698 100644
--- a/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go
+++ b/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go
@@ -71,13 +71,14 @@ func NewOutputRoomEventConsumer(
 		ctx:       process.Context(),
 		cfg:       cfg,
 		jetstream: js,
-		topic:     cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.OutputRoomEvent),
+		topic:     cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.OutputAppserviceEvent),
 		rsAPI:     rsAPI,
 	}
 }
 
 // Start consuming from room servers
 func (s *OutputRoomEventConsumer) Start() error {
+	durableNames := make([]string, 0, len(s.cfg.Derived.ApplicationServices))
 	for _, as := range s.cfg.Derived.ApplicationServices {
 		appsvc := as
 		state := &appserviceState{
@@ -95,6 +96,15 @@ func (s *OutputRoomEventConsumer) Start() error {
 		); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create %q consumer: %w", token, err)
 		}
+		durableNames = append(durableNames, s.cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Durable("Appservice_"+token))
+	}
+	// Cleanup any consumers still existing on the OutputRoomEvent stream
+	// to avoid messages not being deleted
+	for _, consumerName := range durableNames {
+		err := s.jetstream.DeleteConsumer(s.cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.OutputRoomEvent), consumerName+"Pull")
+		if err != nil && err != nats.ErrConsumerNotFound {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-pinecone b/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-pinecone
index ab50cf318..fae8ca036 100644
--- a/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-pinecone
+++ b/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-pinecone
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-FROM docker.io/golang:1.21-alpine AS base
+# Pinned to alpine3.18 until https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/1164 is solved
+FROM docker.io/golang:1.21-alpine3.18 AS base
 
 #
 # Needs to be separate from the main Dockerfile for OpenShift,
diff --git a/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-yggdrasil b/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-yggdrasil
index b9e387666..502233ea9 100644
--- a/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-yggdrasil
+++ b/build/docker/Dockerfile.demo-yggdrasil
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-FROM docker.io/golang:1.21-alpine AS base
+# Pinned to alpine3.18 until https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/1164 is solved
+FROM docker.io/golang:1.21-alpine3.18 AS base
 
 #
 # Needs to be separate from the main Dockerfile for OpenShift,
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 7ce1720a8..0d02eac8a 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/matrix-org/dugong v0.0.0-20210921133753-66e6b1c67e2e
 	github.com/matrix-org/go-sqlite3-js v0.0.0-20220419092513-28aa791a1c91
 	github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20220926102614-ceba4d9f7530
-	github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20231122130434-2beadf141c98
+	github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20231212115925-41497b7563eb
 	github.com/matrix-org/pinecone v0.11.1-0.20230810010612-ea4c33717fd7
 	github.com/matrix-org/util v0.0.0-20221111132719-399730281e66
 	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.17
-	github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.9.23
-	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.28.0
+	github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.10.7
+	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.31.0
 	github.com/neilalexander/utp v0.1.1-0.20210727203401-54ae7b1cd5f9
 	github.com/nfnt/resize v0.0.0-20180221191011-83c6a9932646
 	github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go v1.2.0
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/uber/jaeger-lib v2.4.1+incompatible
 	github.com/yggdrasil-network/yggdrasil-go v0.4.6
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.10.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.17.0
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230809150735-7b3493d9a819
 	golang.org/x/image v0.10.0
 	golang.org/x/mobile v0.0.0-20221020085226-b36e6246172e
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.3.0
-	golang.org/x/term v0.13.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.15.0
 	gopkg.in/h2non/bimg.v1 v1.1.9
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0
 	gotest.tools/v3 v3.4.0
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
 	github.com/juju/errors v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.7 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.4 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.17 // indirect
 	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.4 // indirect
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.3 // indirect
 	github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.6 // indirect
 	github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2 v2.11.0 // indirect
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ require (
 	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.3.6 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.12.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.15.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.5.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.12.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/macaroon.v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 0339fa170..be5804567 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51/go.mod h1:C
 github.com/kisielk/errcheck v1.5.0/go.mod h1:pFxgyoBC7bSaBwPgfKdkLd5X25qrDl4LWUI2bnpBCr8=
 github.com/kisielk/gotool v1.0.0/go.mod h1:XhKaO+MFFWcvkIS/tQcRk01m1F5IRFswLeQ+oQHNcck=
 github.com/klauspost/compress v1.10.3/go.mod h1:aoV0uJVorq1K+umq18yTdKaF57EivdYsUV+/s2qKfXs=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.7 h1:2mk3MPGNzKyxErAw8YaohYh69+pa4sIQSC0fPGCFR9I=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.7/go.mod h1:ntbaceVETuRiXiv4DpjP66DpAtAGkEQskQzEyD//IeE=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.4 h1:Ej5ixsIri7BrIjBkRZLTo6ghwrEtHFk7ijlczPW4fZ4=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.4/go.mod h1:/dCuZOvVtNoHsyb+cuJD3itjs3NbnF6KH9zAO4BDxPM=
 github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0/go.mod h1:dAy3ld7l9f0ibDNOQOHHMYYIIbhfbHSm3C4ZsoJORNo=
 github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
 github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
@@ -239,8 +239,8 @@ github.com/matrix-org/go-sqlite3-js v0.0.0-20220419092513-28aa791a1c91 h1:s7fexw
 github.com/matrix-org/go-sqlite3-js v0.0.0-20220419092513-28aa791a1c91/go.mod h1:e+cg2q7C7yE5QnAXgzo512tgFh1RbQLC0+jozuegKgo=
 github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20220926102614-ceba4d9f7530 h1:kHKxCOLcHH8r4Fzarl4+Y3K5hjothkVW5z7T1dUM11U=
 github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20220926102614-ceba4d9f7530/go.mod h1:/gBX06Kw0exX1HrwmoBibFA98yBk/jxKpGVeyQbff+s=
-github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20231122130434-2beadf141c98 h1:+GsF24sG9WJccf5k54cZj9tLgwW3UON1ujz5u+8SHxc=
-github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20231122130434-2beadf141c98/go.mod h1:M8m7seOroO5ePlgxA7AFZymnG90Cnh94rYQyngSrZkk=
+github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20231212115925-41497b7563eb h1:Nn+Fr96oi7bIfdOwX5A2L6A2MZCM+lqwLe4/+3+nYj8=
+github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20231212115925-41497b7563eb/go.mod h1:M8m7seOroO5ePlgxA7AFZymnG90Cnh94rYQyngSrZkk=
 github.com/matrix-org/pinecone v0.11.1-0.20230810010612-ea4c33717fd7 h1:6t8kJr8i1/1I5nNttw6nn1ryQJgzVlBmSGgPiiaTdw4=
 github.com/matrix-org/pinecone v0.11.1-0.20230810010612-ea4c33717fd7/go.mod h1:ReWMS/LoVnOiRAdq9sNUC2NZnd1mZkMNB52QhpTRWjg=
 github.com/matrix-org/util v0.0.0-20221111132719-399730281e66 h1:6z4KxomXSIGWqhHcfzExgkH3Z3UkIXry4ibJS4Aqz2Y=
@@ -273,12 +273,12 @@ github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0/go.mod h1:BbKIizmSmc5MMPqRYbxO4ZU0S0+P200+tUnFx7P
 github.com/mschoch/smat v0.0.0-20160514031455-90eadee771ae/go.mod h1:qAyveg+e4CE+eKJXWVjKXM4ck2QobLqTDytGJbLLhJg=
 github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 h1:8imxQsjDm8yFEAVBe7azKmKSgzSkZXDuKkSq9374khM=
 github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0/go.mod h1:kc9mz7DoBKqDyiRL7VZN8KvXQMWeTaVnttLRXOlotKw=
-github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.0 h1:WQQ40AAlqqfx+f6ku+i0pOVm+ASirD4fUh+oQsiE9Ak=
-github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.0/go.mod h1:24BeQtRwxRV8ruvC4CojXlx/WQ/VjuwlYiH+vu/+ibI=
-github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.9.23 h1:6Wj6H6QpP9FMlpCyWUaNu2yeZ/qGj+mdRkZ1wbikExU=
-github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.9.23/go.mod h1:wEjrEy9vnqIGE4Pqz4/c75v9Pmaq7My2IgFmnykc4C0=
-github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.28.0 h1:Th4G6zdsz2d0OqXdfzKLClo6bOfoI/b1kInhRtFIy5c=
-github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.28.0/go.mod h1:XpbWUlOElGwTYbMR7imivs7jJj9GtK7ypv321Wp6pjc=
+github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.3 h1:/9SWvzc6hTfamcgXJ3uYRpgj+QuY2aLNqRiqrKcrpEo=
+github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.3/go.mod h1:iysuPemFcc7p4IoYots3IuELSI4EDe9Y0bQMe+I3Bf4=
+github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.10.7 h1:f5VDy+GMu7JyuFA0Fef+6TfulfCs5nBTgq7MMkFJx5Y=
+github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.10.7/go.mod h1:V2JHOvPiPdtfDXTuEUsthUnCvSDeFrK4Xn9hRo6du7c=
+github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.31.0 h1:/WFBHEc/dOKBF6qf1TZhrdEfTmOZ5JzdJ+Y3m6Y/p7E=
+github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.31.0/go.mod h1:di3Bm5MLsoB4Bx61CBTsxuarI36WbhAwOm8QrW39+i8=
 github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.6 h1:IzVe95ru2CT6ta874rt9saQRkWfe2nFj1NtvYSLqMzY=
 github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.6/go.mod h1:4DxZNzenSVd1cYQoAa8948QY3QDjrHfcfVADymtkpts=
 github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 h1:5iA8DT8V7q8WK2EScv2padNa/rTESc1KdnPw4TC2paw=
@@ -391,8 +391,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPh
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210421170649-83a5a9bb288b/go.mod h1:T9bdIzuCu7OtxOm1hfPfRQxPLYneinmdGuTeoZ9dtd4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210513164829-c07d793c2f9a/go.mod h1:P+XmwS30IXTQdn5tA2iutPOUgjI07+tq3H3K9MVA1s8=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 h1:wBqGXzWJW6m1XrIKlAH0Hs1JJ7+9KBwnIO8v66Q9cHc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0/go.mod h1:MVFd36DqK4CsrnJYDkBA3VC4m2GkXAM0PvzMCn4JQf4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.17.0 h1:r8bRNjWL3GshPW3gkd+RpvzWrZAwPS49OmTGZ/uhM4k=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.17.0/go.mod h1:gCAAfMLgwOJRpTjQ2zCCt2OcSfYMTeZVSRtQlPC7Nq4=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20180321215751-8460e604b9de/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20180807140117-3d87b88a115f/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190125153040-c74c464bbbf2/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
@@ -461,13 +461,13 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220811171246-fbc7d0a398ab/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20221010170243-090e33056c14/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.15.0 h1:h48lPFYpsTvQJZF4EKyI4aLHaev3CxivZmv7yZig9pc=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.15.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:jMB1sMXY+tzblOD4FWmEbocvup2/aLOaQEp7JmGp78k=
-golang.org/x/term v0.13.0 h1:bb+I9cTfFazGW51MZqBVmZy7+JEJMouUHTUSKVQLBek=
-golang.org/x/term v0.13.0/go.mod h1:LTmsnFJwVN6bCy1rVCoS+qHT1HhALEFxKncY3WNNh4U=
+golang.org/x/term v0.15.0 h1:y/Oo/a/q3IXu26lQgl04j/gjuBDOBlx7X6Om1j2CPW4=
+golang.org/x/term v0.15.0/go.mod h1:BDl952bC7+uMoWR75FIrCDx79TPU9oHkTZ9yRbYOrX0=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
@@ -475,11 +475,11 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.11.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20191024005414-555d28b269f0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
-golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 h1:rg5rLMjNzMS1RkNLzCG38eapWhnYLFYXDXj2gOlr8j4=
-golang.org/x/time v0.3.0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
+golang.org/x/time v0.5.0 h1:o7cqy6amK/52YcAKIPlM3a+Fpj35zvRj2TP+e1xFSfk=
+golang.org/x/time v0.5.0/go.mod h1:3BpzKBy/shNhVucY/MWOyx10tF3SFh9QdLuxbVysPQM=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180525024113-a5b4c53f6e8b/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190206041539-40960b6deb8e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
diff --git a/helm/dendrite/Chart.yaml b/helm/dendrite/Chart.yaml
index 32f479960..f36f457c5 100644
--- a/helm/dendrite/Chart.yaml
+++ b/helm/dendrite/Chart.yaml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 apiVersion: v2
 name: dendrite
-version: "0.13.5"
-appVersion: "0.13.4"
+version: "0.13.6"
+appVersion: "0.13.5"
 description: Dendrite Matrix Homeserver
 type: application
 keywords:
diff --git a/helm/dendrite/README.md b/helm/dendrite/README.md
index 22daa1813..f5f824927 100644
--- a/helm/dendrite/README.md
+++ b/helm/dendrite/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 
 # dendrite
 
-![Version: 0.13.5](https://img.shields.io/badge/Version-0.13.5-informational?style=flat-square) ![Type: application](https://img.shields.io/badge/Type-application-informational?style=flat-square) ![AppVersion: 0.13.4](https://img.shields.io/badge/AppVersion-0.13.4-informational?style=flat-square)
+![Version: 0.13.6](https://img.shields.io/badge/Version-0.13.6-informational?style=flat-square) ![Type: application](https://img.shields.io/badge/Type-application-informational?style=flat-square) ![AppVersion: 0.13.5](https://img.shields.io/badge/AppVersion-0.13.5-informational?style=flat-square)
 Dendrite Matrix Homeserver
 
 Status: **NOT PRODUCTION READY**
diff --git a/internal/version.go b/internal/version.go
index 55726ddcb..3fc52e376 100644
--- a/internal/version.go
+++ b/internal/version.go
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ var build string
 const (
 	VersionMajor = 0
 	VersionMinor = 13
-	VersionPatch = 4
+	VersionPatch = 5
 	VersionTag   = "" // example: "rc1"
 
 	gitRevLen = 7 // 7 matches the displayed characters on github.com
diff --git a/mediaapi/routing/download.go b/mediaapi/routing/download.go
index 51afa1f9f..fa1c417aa 100644
--- a/mediaapi/routing/download.go
+++ b/mediaapi/routing/download.go
@@ -63,6 +63,40 @@ type downloadRequest struct {
 	DownloadFilename   string
 }
 
+// Taken from: https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/c3627d0f99ed5a23479305dc2bd0e71ca25ce2b1/synapse/media/_base.py#L53C1-L84
+// A list of all content types that are "safe" to be rendered inline in a browser.
+var allowInlineTypes = map[types.ContentType]struct{}{
+	"text/css":            {},
+	"text/plain":          {},
+	"text/csv":            {},
+	"application/json":    {},
+	"application/ld+json": {},
+	// We allow some media files deemed as safe, which comes from the matrix-react-sdk.
+	// https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-react-sdk/blob/a70fcfd0bcf7f8c85986da18001ea11597989a7c/src/utils/blobs.ts#L51
+	// SVGs are *intentionally* omitted.
+	"image/jpeg":      {},
+	"image/gif":       {},
+	"image/png":       {},
+	"image/apng":      {},
+	"image/webp":      {},
+	"image/avif":      {},
+	"video/mp4":       {},
+	"video/webm":      {},
+	"video/ogg":       {},
+	"video/quicktime": {},
+	"audio/mp4":       {},
+	"audio/webm":      {},
+	"audio/aac":       {},
+	"audio/mpeg":      {},
+	"audio/ogg":       {},
+	"audio/wave":      {},
+	"audio/wav":       {},
+	"audio/x-wav":     {},
+	"audio/x-pn-wav":  {},
+	"audio/flac":      {},
+	"audio/x-flac":    {},
+}
+
 // Download implements GET /download and GET /thumbnail
 // Files from this server (i.e. origin == cfg.ServerName) are served directly
 // Files from remote servers (i.e. origin != cfg.ServerName) are cached locally.
@@ -353,7 +387,7 @@ func (r *downloadRequest) addDownloadFilenameToHeaders(
 	}
 
 	if len(filename) == 0 {
-		w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", "attachment")
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", contentDispositionFor(""))
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -383,20 +417,21 @@ func (r *downloadRequest) addDownloadFilenameToHeaders(
 	unescaped = strings.ReplaceAll(unescaped, `\`, `\\"`)
 	unescaped = strings.ReplaceAll(unescaped, `"`, `\"`)
 
+	disposition := contentDispositionFor(responseMetadata.ContentType)
 	if isASCII {
 		// For ASCII filenames, we should only quote the filename if
 		// it needs to be done, e.g. it contains a space or a character
 		// that would otherwise be parsed as a control character in the
 		// Content-Disposition header
 		w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", fmt.Sprintf(
-			`attachment; filename=%s%s%s`,
-			quote, unescaped, quote,
+			`%s; filename=%s%s%s`,
+			disposition, quote, unescaped, quote,
 		))
 	} else {
 		// For UTF-8 filenames, we quote always, as that's the standard
 		w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", fmt.Sprintf(
-			`attachment; filename*=utf-8''%s`,
-			url.QueryEscape(unescaped),
+			`%s; filename*=utf-8''%s`,
+			disposition, url.QueryEscape(unescaped),
 		))
 	}
 
@@ -808,3 +843,12 @@ func (r *downloadRequest) fetchRemoteFile(
 
 	return types.Path(finalPath), duplicate, nil
 }
+
+// contentDispositionFor returns the Content-Disposition for a given
+// content type.
+func contentDispositionFor(contentType types.ContentType) string {
+	if _, ok := allowInlineTypes[contentType]; ok {
+		return "inline"
+	}
+	return "attachment"
+}
diff --git a/mediaapi/routing/download_test.go b/mediaapi/routing/download_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21f6bfc2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mediaapi/routing/download_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package routing
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func Test_dispositionFor(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.Equal(t, "attachment", contentDispositionFor(""), "empty content type")
+	assert.Equal(t, "attachment", contentDispositionFor("image/svg"), "image/svg")
+	assert.Equal(t, "inline", contentDispositionFor("image/jpeg"), "image/jpg")
+}
diff --git a/roomserver/internal/input/input.go b/roomserver/internal/input/input.go
index 404751532..20d2cfc7a 100644
--- a/roomserver/internal/input/input.go
+++ b/roomserver/internal/input/input.go
@@ -119,9 +119,14 @@ func (r *Inputer) startWorkerForRoom(roomID string) {
 	w.Lock()
 	defer w.Unlock()
 	if !loaded || w.subscription == nil {
+		streamName := r.Cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.InputRoomEvent)
 		consumer := r.Cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed("RoomInput" + jetstream.Tokenise(w.roomID))
 		subject := r.Cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.InputRoomEventSubj(w.roomID))
 
+		logger := logrus.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
+			"stream_name": streamName,
+			"consumer":    consumer,
+		})
 		// Create the consumer. We do this as a specific step rather than
 		// letting PullSubscribe create it for us because we need the consumer
 		// to outlive the subscription. If we do it this way, we can Bind in the
@@ -135,21 +140,62 @@ func (r *Inputer) startWorkerForRoom(roomID string) {
 		// before it. This is necessary because otherwise our consumer will never
 		// acknowledge things we filtered out for other subjects and therefore they
 		// will linger around forever.
-		if _, err := w.r.JetStream.AddConsumer(
-			r.Cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.InputRoomEvent),
-			&nats.ConsumerConfig{
-				Durable:           consumer,
-				AckPolicy:         nats.AckAllPolicy,
-				DeliverPolicy:     nats.DeliverAllPolicy,
-				FilterSubject:     subject,
-				AckWait:           MaximumMissingProcessingTime + (time.Second * 10),
-				InactiveThreshold: inactiveThreshold,
-			},
-		); err != nil {
-			logrus.WithError(err).Errorf("Failed to create consumer for room %q", w.roomID)
+
+		info, err := w.r.JetStream.ConsumerInfo(streamName, consumer)
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, nats.ErrConsumerNotFound) {
+			// log and return, we will retry anyway
+			logger.WithError(err).Errorf("failed to get consumer info")
 			return
 		}
 
+		consumerConfig := &nats.ConsumerConfig{
+			Durable:           consumer,
+			AckPolicy:         nats.AckExplicitPolicy,
+			DeliverPolicy:     nats.DeliverAllPolicy,
+			FilterSubject:     subject,
+			AckWait:           MaximumMissingProcessingTime + (time.Second * 10),
+			InactiveThreshold: inactiveThreshold,
+		}
+
+		// The consumer already exists, try to update if necessary.
+		if info != nil {
+			// Not using reflect.DeepEqual here, since consumerConfig does not explicitly set
+			// e.g. the consumerName, which is added by NATS later. So this would result
+			// in constantly updating/recreating the consumer.
+			switch {
+			case info.Config.AckWait.Nanoseconds() != consumerConfig.AckWait.Nanoseconds():
+				// Initially we had a AckWait of 2m 10s, now we have 5m 10s, so we need to update
+				// existing consumers.
+				fallthrough
+			case info.Config.AckPolicy != consumerConfig.AckPolicy:
+				// We've changed the AckPolicy from AckAll to AckExplicit, this needs a
+				// recreation of the consumer. (Note: Only a few changes actually need a recreat)
+				logger.Warn("Consumer already exists, trying to update it.")
+				// Try updating the consumer first
+				if _, err = w.r.JetStream.UpdateConsumer(streamName, consumerConfig); err != nil {
+					// We failed to update the consumer, recreate it
+					logger.WithError(err).Warn("Unable to update consumer, recreating...")
+					if err = w.r.JetStream.DeleteConsumer(streamName, consumer); err != nil {
+						logger.WithError(err).Fatal("Unable to delete consumer")
+						return
+					}
+					// Set info to nil, so it can be recreated with the correct config.
+					info = nil
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if info == nil {
+			// Create the consumer with the correct config
+			if _, err = w.r.JetStream.AddConsumer(
+				r.Cfg.Matrix.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.InputRoomEvent),
+				consumerConfig,
+			); err != nil {
+				logger.WithError(err).Errorf("Failed to create consumer for room %q", w.roomID)
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
 		// Bind to our durable consumer. We want to receive all messages waiting
 		// for this subject and we want to manually acknowledge them, so that we
 		// can ensure they are only cleaned up when we are done processing them.
@@ -162,7 +208,7 @@ func (r *Inputer) startWorkerForRoom(roomID string) {
 			nats.InactiveThreshold(inactiveThreshold),
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			logrus.WithError(err).Errorf("Failed to subscribe to stream for room %q", w.roomID)
+			logger.WithError(err).Errorf("Failed to subscribe to stream for room %q", w.roomID)
 			return
 		}
 
@@ -263,21 +309,23 @@ func (w *worker) _next() {
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Since we either Ack() or Term() the message at this point, we can defer decrementing the room backpressure
+	defer roomserverInputBackpressure.With(prometheus.Labels{"room_id": w.roomID}).Dec()
+
 	// Try to unmarshal the input room event. If the JSON unmarshalling
 	// fails then we'll terminate the message — this notifies NATS that
 	// we are done with the message and never want to see it again.
 	msg := msgs[0]
 	var inputRoomEvent api.InputRoomEvent
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(msg.Data, &inputRoomEvent); err != nil {
-		_ = msg.Term()
+		// using AckWait here makes the call synchronous; 5 seconds is the default value used by NATS
+		_ = msg.Term(nats.AckWait(time.Second * 5))
 		return
 	}
 
 	if scope := sentry.CurrentHub().Scope(); scope != nil {
 		scope.SetTag("event_id", inputRoomEvent.Event.EventID())
 	}
-	roomserverInputBackpressure.With(prometheus.Labels{"room_id": w.roomID}).Inc()
-	defer roomserverInputBackpressure.With(prometheus.Labels{"room_id": w.roomID}).Dec()
 
 	// Process the room event. If something goes wrong then we'll tell
 	// NATS to terminate the message. We'll store the error result as
@@ -307,10 +355,15 @@ func (w *worker) _next() {
 				"type":     inputRoomEvent.Event.Type(),
 			}).Warn("Roomserver failed to process event")
 		}
-		_ = msg.Term()
+		// Even though we failed to process this message (e.g. due to Dendrite restarting and receiving a context canceled),
+		// the message may already have been queued for redelivery or will be, so this makes sure that we still reprocess the msg
+		// after restarting. We only Ack if the context was not yet canceled.
+		if w.r.ProcessContext.Context().Err() == nil {
+			_ = msg.AckSync()
+		}
 		errString = err.Error()
 	} else {
-		_ = msg.Ack()
+		_ = msg.AckSync()
 	}
 
 	// If it was a synchronous input request then the "sync" field
@@ -381,6 +434,9 @@ func (r *Inputer) queueInputRoomEvents(
 			}).Error("Roomserver failed to queue async event")
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("r.JetStream.PublishMsg: %w", err)
 		}
+
+		// Now that the event is queued, increment the room backpressure
+		roomserverInputBackpressure.With(prometheus.Labels{"room_id": roomID}).Inc()
 	}
 	return
 }
diff --git a/roomserver/internal/input/input_events.go b/roomserver/internal/input/input_events.go
index 520f82a80..1d9208434 100644
--- a/roomserver/internal/input/input_events.go
+++ b/roomserver/internal/input/input_events.go
@@ -48,8 +48,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/types"
 )
 
-// TODO: Does this value make sense?
-const MaximumMissingProcessingTime = time.Minute * 2
+// MaximumMissingProcessingTime is the maximum time we allow "processRoomEvent" to fetch
+// e.g. missing auth/prev events. This duration is used for AckWait, and if it is exceeded
+// NATS queues the event for redelivery.
+const MaximumMissingProcessingTime = time.Minute * 5
 
 var processRoomEventDuration = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
 	prometheus.HistogramOpts{
diff --git a/roomserver/roomserver_test.go b/roomserver/roomserver_test.go
index e9cd926d7..88e335711 100644
--- a/roomserver/roomserver_test.go
+++ b/roomserver/roomserver_test.go
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/eventutil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/sqlutil"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/internal/input"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib/spec"
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
 
@@ -1231,3 +1233,54 @@ func TestNewServerACLs(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, false, banned)
 	})
 }
+
+// Validate that changing the AckPolicy/AckWait of room consumers
+// results in their recreation
+func TestRoomConsumerRecreation(t *testing.T) {
+
+	alice := test.NewUser(t)
+	room := test.NewRoom(t, alice)
+
+	// As this is DB unrelated, just use SQLite
+	cfg, processCtx, closeDB := testrig.CreateConfig(t, test.DBTypeSQLite)
+	defer closeDB()
+	cm := sqlutil.NewConnectionManager(processCtx, cfg.Global.DatabaseOptions)
+	natsInstance := &jetstream.NATSInstance{}
+
+	// Prepare a stream and consumer using the old configuration
+	jsCtx, _ := natsInstance.Prepare(processCtx, &cfg.Global.JetStream)
+
+	streamName := cfg.Global.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.InputRoomEvent)
+	consumer := cfg.Global.JetStream.Prefixed("RoomInput" + jetstream.Tokenise(room.ID))
+	subject := cfg.Global.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.InputRoomEventSubj(room.ID))
+
+	consumerConfig := &nats.ConsumerConfig{
+		Durable:           consumer,
+		AckPolicy:         nats.AckAllPolicy,
+		DeliverPolicy:     nats.DeliverAllPolicy,
+		FilterSubject:     subject,
+		AckWait:           (time.Minute * 2) + (time.Second * 10),
+		InactiveThreshold: time.Hour * 24,
+	}
+
+	// Create the consumer with the old config
+	_, err := jsCtx.AddConsumer(streamName, consumerConfig)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	caches := caching.NewRistrettoCache(128*1024*1024, time.Hour, caching.DisableMetrics)
+	// start JetStream listeners
+	rsAPI := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(processCtx, cfg, cm, natsInstance, caches, caching.DisableMetrics)
+	rsAPI.SetFederationAPI(nil, nil)
+
+	// let the RS create the events, this also recreates the Consumers
+	err = api.SendEvents(context.Background(), rsAPI, api.KindNew, room.Events(), "test", "test", "test", nil, false)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Validate that AckPolicy and AckWait has changed
+	info, err := jsCtx.ConsumerInfo(streamName, consumer)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, nats.AckExplicitPolicy, info.Config.AckPolicy)
+
+	wantAckWait := input.MaximumMissingProcessingTime + (time.Second * 10)
+	assert.Equal(t, wantAckWait, info.Config.AckWait)
+}
diff --git a/setup/jetstream/streams.go b/setup/jetstream/streams.go
index 741407926..1dc9f4cec 100644
--- a/setup/jetstream/streams.go
+++ b/setup/jetstream/streams.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ var (
 	InputDeviceListUpdate   = "InputDeviceListUpdate"
 	InputSigningKeyUpdate   = "InputSigningKeyUpdate"
 	OutputRoomEvent         = "OutputRoomEvent"
+	OutputAppserviceEvent   = "OutputAppserviceEvent"
 	OutputSendToDeviceEvent = "OutputSendToDeviceEvent"
 	OutputKeyChangeEvent    = "OutputKeyChangeEvent"
 	OutputTypingEvent       = "OutputTypingEvent"
@@ -65,6 +66,11 @@ var streams = []*nats.StreamConfig{
 		Retention: nats.InterestPolicy,
 		Storage:   nats.FileStorage,
 	},
+	{
+		Name:      OutputAppserviceEvent,
+		Retention: nats.InterestPolicy,
+		Storage:   nats.FileStorage,
+	},
 	{
 		Name:      OutputSendToDeviceEvent,
 		Retention: nats.InterestPolicy,
diff --git a/syncapi/consumers/roomserver.go b/syncapi/consumers/roomserver.go
index 666f900d7..81c532f19 100644
--- a/syncapi/consumers/roomserver.go
+++ b/syncapi/consumers/roomserver.go
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/jetstream"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/process"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi/notifier"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi/producers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi/streams"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi/synctypes"
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ type OutputRoomEventConsumer struct {
 	inviteStream streams.StreamProvider
 	notifier     *notifier.Notifier
 	fts          fulltext.Indexer
+	asProducer   *producers.AppserviceEventProducer
 }
 
 // NewOutputRoomEventConsumer creates a new OutputRoomEventConsumer. Call Start() to begin consuming from room servers.
@@ -68,6 +70,7 @@ func NewOutputRoomEventConsumer(
 	inviteStream streams.StreamProvider,
 	rsAPI api.SyncRoomserverAPI,
 	fts *fulltext.Search,
+	asProducer *producers.AppserviceEventProducer,
 ) *OutputRoomEventConsumer {
 	return &OutputRoomEventConsumer{
 		ctx:          process.Context(),
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@ func NewOutputRoomEventConsumer(
 		inviteStream: inviteStream,
 		rsAPI:        rsAPI,
 		fts:          fts,
+		asProducer:   asProducer,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -119,6 +123,11 @@ func (s *OutputRoomEventConsumer) onMessage(ctx context.Context, msgs []*nats.Ms
 			}
 		}
 		err = s.onNewRoomEvent(s.ctx, *output.NewRoomEvent)
+		if err == nil && s.asProducer != nil {
+			if err = s.asProducer.ProduceRoomEvents(msg); err != nil {
+				log.WithError(err).Warn("failed to produce OutputAppserviceEvent")
+			}
+		}
 	case api.OutputTypeOldRoomEvent:
 		err = s.onOldRoomEvent(s.ctx, *output.OldRoomEvent)
 	case api.OutputTypeNewInviteEvent:
diff --git a/syncapi/producers/appservices.go b/syncapi/producers/appservices.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb0dbb9cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/syncapi/producers/appservices.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package producers
+
+import (
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+)
+
+// AppserviceEventProducer produces events for the appservice API to consume
+type AppserviceEventProducer struct {
+	Topic     string
+	JetStream nats.JetStreamContext
+}
+
+func (a *AppserviceEventProducer) ProduceRoomEvents(
+	msg *nats.Msg,
+) error {
+	msg.Subject = a.Topic
+	_, err := a.JetStream.PublishMsg(msg)
+	return err
+}
diff --git a/syncapi/syncapi.go b/syncapi/syncapi.go
index 091e3db41..0418ffc05 100644
--- a/syncapi/syncapi.go
+++ b/syncapi/syncapi.go
@@ -100,9 +100,16 @@ func AddPublicRoutes(
 		logrus.WithError(err).Panicf("failed to start key change consumer")
 	}
 
+	var asProducer *producers.AppserviceEventProducer
+	if len(dendriteCfg.AppServiceAPI.Derived.ApplicationServices) > 0 {
+		asProducer = &producers.AppserviceEventProducer{
+			JetStream: js, Topic: dendriteCfg.Global.JetStream.Prefixed(jetstream.OutputAppserviceEvent),
+		}
+	}
+
 	roomConsumer := consumers.NewOutputRoomEventConsumer(
 		processContext, &dendriteCfg.SyncAPI, js, syncDB, notifier, streams.PDUStreamProvider,
-		streams.InviteStreamProvider, rsAPI, fts,
+		streams.InviteStreamProvider, rsAPI, fts, asProducer,
 	)
 	if err = roomConsumer.Start(); err != nil {
 		logrus.WithError(err).Panicf("failed to start room server consumer")