diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/BUG_REPORT.md b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/BUG_REPORT.md
index f40c56609..a3b8c0754 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/BUG_REPORT.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/BUG_REPORT.md
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ see: https://www.matrix.org/security-disclosure-policy/
 ### Background information
 <!-- Please include versions of all software when known e.g database versions, docker versions, client versions -->
 - **Dendrite version or git SHA**:
-- **Monolith or Polylith?**:
 - **SQLite3 or Postgres?**:
 - **Running in Docker?**:
 - **`go version`**:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dendrite.yml b/.github/workflows/dendrite.yml
index e35ad2aea..2f615a6a4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dendrite.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dendrite.yml
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: 1.18
+          go-version: "stable"
           cache: true
 
       - name: Install Node
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: 1.18
+          go-version: "stable"
       - name: golangci-lint
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3
 
   # run go test with different go versions
   test:
     timeout-minutes: 10
-    name: Unit tests (Go ${{ matrix.go }})
+    name: Unit tests
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     # Service containers to run with `container-job`
     services:
@@ -91,25 +91,21 @@ jobs:
           --health-interval 10s
           --health-timeout 5s
           --health-retries 5
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        go: ["1.19"]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - name: Setup go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+          go-version: "stable"
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         # manually set up caches, as they otherwise clash with different steps using setup-go with cache=true
         with:
           path: |
             ~/.cache/go-build
             ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}-unit-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-unit-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}-unit-
+            ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-unit-
       - name: Set up gotestfmt
         uses: gotesttools/gotestfmt-action@v2
         with:
@@ -130,7 +126,6 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        go: ["1.18", "1.19", "1.20.0"]
         goos: ["linux"]
         goarch: ["amd64", "386"]
     steps:
@@ -138,15 +133,15 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+          go-version: "stable"
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: |
             ~/.cache/go-build
             ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
-            key: ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-
+            key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-
       - name: Install dependencies x86
         if: ${{ matrix.goarch == '386' }}
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y gcc-multilib
@@ -164,23 +159,22 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        go: ["1.18", "1.19", "1.20.0"]
         goos: ["windows"]
         goarch: ["amd64"]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: Setup Go ${{ matrix.go }}
+      - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+          go-version: "stable"
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: |
             ~/.cache/go-build
             ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
-            key: ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-
+            key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}-
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64 # install required gcc
       - env:
@@ -206,7 +200,7 @@ jobs:
   integration:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     needs: initial-tests-done
-    name: Integration tests (Go ${{ matrix.go }})
+    name: Integration tests
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     # Service containers to run with `container-job`
     services:
@@ -228,16 +222,12 @@ jobs:
           --health-interval 10s
           --health-timeout 5s
           --health-retries 5
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        go: ["1.19"]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - name: Setup go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+          go-version: "stable"
       - name: Set up gotestfmt
         uses: gotesttools/gotestfmt-action@v2
         with:
@@ -248,9 +238,9 @@ jobs:
           path: |
             ~/.cache/go-build
             ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}-test-race-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-test-race-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-go${{ matrix.go }}-test-race-
+            ${{ runner.os }}-go-stable-test-race-
       - run: go test -race -json -v -coverpkg=./... -coverprofile=cover.out $(go list ./... | grep -v /cmd/dendrite*) 2>&1 | gotestfmt
         env:
           POSTGRES_HOST: localhost
@@ -261,6 +251,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
         with:
           flags: unittests
+          fail_ci_if_error: true
 
   # run database upgrade tests
   upgrade_test:
@@ -273,7 +264,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: "1.18"
+          go-version: "stable"
           cache: true
       - name: Build upgrade-tests
         run: go build ./cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests
@@ -293,7 +284,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: "1.18"
+          go-version: "stable"
           cache: true
       - name: Build upgrade-tests
         run: go build ./cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests
@@ -317,19 +308,9 @@ jobs:
           - label: SQLite Cgo
             cgo: 1
 
-          - label: SQLite native, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-
-          - label: SQLite Cgo, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 1
-
           - label: PostgreSQL
             postgres: postgres
 
-          - label: PostgreSQL, full HTTP APIs
-            postgres: postgres
-            api: full-http
     container:
       image: matrixdotorg/sytest-dendrite
       volumes:
@@ -338,7 +319,6 @@ jobs:
         - /root/.cache/go-mod:/gopath/pkg/mod
       env:
         POSTGRES: ${{ matrix.postgres && 1}}
-        API: ${{ matrix.api && 1 }}
         SYTEST_BRANCH: ${{ github.head_ref }}
         CGO_ENABLED: ${{ matrix.cgo && 1 }}
     steps:
@@ -390,22 +370,9 @@ jobs:
           - label: SQLite Cgo
             cgo: 1
 
-          - label: SQLite native, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 0
-
-          - label: SQLite Cgo, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 1
-
           - label: PostgreSQL
             postgres: Postgres
             cgo: 0
-
-          - label: PostgreSQL, full HTTP APIs
-            postgres: Postgres
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 0
     steps:
       # Env vars are set file a file given by $GITHUB_PATH. We need both Go 1.17 and GOPATH on env to run Complement.
       # See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-commands-for-github-actions#adding-a-system-path
@@ -447,7 +414,7 @@ jobs:
             (wget -O - "https://github.com/matrix-org/complement/archive/$BRANCH_NAME.tar.gz" | tar -xz --strip-components=1 -C complement) && break
           done
       # Build initial Dendrite image
-      - run: docker build --build-arg=CGO=${{ matrix.cgo }} -t complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.api }}${{ matrix.cgo }} -f build/scripts/Complement${{ matrix.postgres }}.Dockerfile .
+      - run: docker build --build-arg=CGO=${{ matrix.cgo }} -t complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.cgo }} -f build/scripts/Complement${{ matrix.postgres }}.Dockerfile .
         working-directory: dendrite
         env:
           DOCKER_BUILDKIT: 1
@@ -459,8 +426,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         name: Run Complement Tests
         env:
-          COMPLEMENT_BASE_IMAGE: complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.api }}${{ matrix.cgo }}
-          COMPLEMENT_DENDRITE_API: ${{ matrix.api && 1 }}
+          COMPLEMENT_BASE_IMAGE: complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.cgo }}
           COMPLEMENT_SHARE_ENV_PREFIX: COMPLEMENT_DENDRITE_
         working-directory: complement
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docker.yml b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
index 2e17539d8..0c3053a56 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ jobs:
           cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
           context: .
           build-args: FLAGS=-X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.branch=${{ env.BRANCH }} -X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.build=${{ env.BUILD }}
-          target: monolith
           platforms: ${{ env.PLATFORMS }}
           push: true
           tags: |
@@ -77,7 +76,6 @@ jobs:
           cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
           context: .
           build-args: FLAGS=-X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.branch=${{ env.BRANCH }} -X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.build=${{ env.BUILD }}
-          target: monolith
           platforms: ${{ env.PLATFORMS }}
           push: true
           tags: |
@@ -98,86 +96,6 @@ jobs:
         with:
           sarif_file: "trivy-results.sarif"
 
-  polylith:
-    name: Polylith image
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      packages: write
-      security-events: write # To upload Trivy sarif files
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: Get release tag & build flags
-        if: github.event_name == 'release' # Only for GitHub releases
-        run: |
-          echo "RELEASE_VERSION=${GITHUB_REF#refs/*/}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "BUILD=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD || \"\")" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          BRANCH=$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD | tr -d \/)
-          [ ${BRANCH} == "main" ] && BRANCH=""
-          echo "BRANCH=${BRANCH}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
-      - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v2
-        with:
-          username: ${{ env.DOCKER_HUB_USER }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Login to GitHub Containers
-        uses: docker/login-action@v2
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Build main polylith image
-        if: github.ref_name == 'main'
-        id: docker_build_polylith
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
-          context: .
-          build-args: FLAGS=-X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.branch=${{ env.BRANCH }} -X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.build=${{ env.BUILD }}
-          target: polylith
-          platforms: ${{ env.PLATFORMS }}
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ${{ env.DOCKER_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:${{ github.ref_name }}
-            ghcr.io/${{ env.GHCR_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:${{ github.ref_name }}
-
-      - name: Build release polylith image
-        if: github.event_name == 'release' # Only for GitHub releases
-        id: docker_build_polylith_release
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
-          context: .
-          build-args: FLAGS=-X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.branch=${{ env.BRANCH }} -X github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal.build=${{ env.BUILD }}
-          target: polylith
-          platforms: ${{ env.PLATFORMS }}
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ${{ env.DOCKER_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:latest
-            ${{ env.DOCKER_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
-            ghcr.io/${{ env.GHCR_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:latest
-            ghcr.io/${{ env.GHCR_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
-
-      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner
-        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
-        with:
-          image-ref: ghcr.io/${{ env.GHCR_NAMESPACE }}/dendrite-polylith:${{ github.ref_name }}
-          format: "sarif"
-          output: "trivy-results.sarif"
-
-      - name: Upload Trivy scan results to GitHub Security tab
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@v2
-        with:
-          sarif_file: "trivy-results.sarif"
-
   demo-pinecone:
     name: Pinecone demo image
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/schedules.yaml b/.github/workflows/schedules.yaml
index fa2304c1f..44758850d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/schedules.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/schedules.yaml
@@ -24,19 +24,8 @@ jobs:
           - label: SQLite Cgo
             cgo: 1
 
-          - label: SQLite native, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-
-          - label: SQLite Cgo, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 1
-
           - label: PostgreSQL
             postgres: postgres
-
-          - label: PostgreSQL, full HTTP APIs
-            postgres: postgres
-            api: full-http
     container:
       image: matrixdotorg/sytest-dendrite:latest
       volumes:
@@ -45,7 +34,6 @@ jobs:
         - /root/.cache/go-mod:/gopath/pkg/mod
       env:
         POSTGRES: ${{ matrix.postgres && 1}}
-        API: ${{ matrix.api && 1 }}
         SYTEST_BRANCH: ${{ github.head_ref }}
         RACE_DETECTION: 1
         COVER: 1
@@ -93,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: '>=1.19.0'
+          go-version: 'stable'
           cache: true
       - name: Download all artifacts
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
@@ -125,22 +113,9 @@ jobs:
           - label: SQLite Cgo
             cgo: 1
 
-          - label: SQLite native, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 0
-
-          - label: SQLite Cgo, full HTTP APIs
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 1
-
           - label: PostgreSQL
             postgres: Postgres
             cgo: 0
-
-          - label: PostgreSQL, full HTTP APIs
-            postgres: Postgres
-            api: full-http
-            cgo: 0
     steps:
       # Env vars are set file a file given by $GITHUB_PATH. We need both Go 1.17 and GOPATH on env to run Complement.
       # See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-commands-for-github-actions#adding-a-system-path
@@ -182,7 +157,7 @@ jobs:
             (wget -O - "https://github.com/matrix-org/complement/archive/$BRANCH_NAME.tar.gz" | tar -xz --strip-components=1 -C complement) && break
           done
       # Build initial Dendrite image
-      - run: docker build --build-arg=CGO=${{ matrix.cgo }} -t complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.api }}${{ matrix.cgo }} -f build/scripts/Complement${{ matrix.postgres }}.Dockerfile .
+      - run: docker build --build-arg=CGO=${{ matrix.cgo }} -t complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.cgo }} -f build/scripts/Complement${{ matrix.postgres }}.Dockerfile .
         working-directory: dendrite
         env:
           DOCKER_BUILDKIT: 1
@@ -203,8 +178,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         name: Run Complement Tests
         env:
-          COMPLEMENT_BASE_IMAGE: complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.api }}${{ matrix.cgo }}
-          COMPLEMENT_DENDRITE_API: ${{ matrix.api && 1 }}
+          COMPLEMENT_BASE_IMAGE: complement-dendrite:${{ matrix.postgres }}${{ matrix.cgo }}
           COMPLEMENT_SHARE_ENV_PREFIX: COMPLEMENT_DENDRITE_
           COMPLEMENT_DENDRITE_COVER: 1
           COMPLEMENT_POST_TEST_SCRIPT: /tmp/posttest.sh
@@ -229,7 +203,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: '>=1.19.0'
+          go-version: 'stable'
           cache: true
       - name: Download all artifacts
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 6da555c04..2487ea5bc 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #
 # base installs required dependencies and runs go mod download to cache dependencies
 #
-FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} docker.io/golang:1.19-alpine AS base
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} docker.io/golang:1.20-alpine AS base
 RUN apk --update --no-cache add bash build-base curl
 
 #
@@ -23,44 +23,27 @@ RUN --mount=target=. \
     CGO_ENABLED=$([ "$TARGETARCH" = "$USERARCH" ] && echo "1" || echo "0") \
     go build -v -ldflags="${FLAGS}" -trimpath -o /out/ ./cmd/...
 
+
 #
-# The dendrite base image
+# Builds the Dendrite image containing all required binaries
 #
-FROM alpine:latest AS dendrite-base
+FROM alpine:latest
 RUN apk --update --no-cache add curl
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.title="Dendrite"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Next-generation Matrix homeserver written in Go"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="Apache-2.0"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.documentation="https://matrix-org.github.io/dendrite/"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.vendor="The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C."
 
-#
-# Builds the polylith image and only contains the polylith binary
-#
-FROM dendrite-base AS polylith
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.title="Dendrite (Polylith)"
-
-COPY --from=build /out/dendrite-polylith-multi /usr/bin/
-
-VOLUME /etc/dendrite
-WORKDIR /etc/dendrite
-
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/dendrite-polylith-multi"]
-
-#
-# Builds the monolith image and contains all required binaries
-#
-FROM dendrite-base AS monolith
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.title="Dendrite (Monolith)"
-
 COPY --from=build /out/create-account /usr/bin/create-account
 COPY --from=build /out/generate-config /usr/bin/generate-config
 COPY --from=build /out/generate-keys /usr/bin/generate-keys
-COPY --from=build /out/dendrite-monolith-server /usr/bin/dendrite-monolith-server
+COPY --from=build /out/dendrite /usr/bin/dendrite
 
 VOLUME /etc/dendrite
 WORKDIR /etc/dendrite
 
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/dendrite-monolith-server"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/dendrite"]
 EXPOSE 8008 8448
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 148f8c493..ba6960f35 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ This does not mean:
 - Dendrite is ready for massive homeserver deployments. There is no sharding of microservices (although it is possible to run them on separate machines) and there is no high-availability/clustering support.
 
 Currently, we expect Dendrite to function well for small (10s/100s of users) homeserver deployments as well as P2P Matrix nodes in-browser or on mobile devices.
-In the future, we will be able to scale up to gigantic servers (equivalent to `matrix.org`) via polylith mode.
 
 If you have further questions, please take a look at [our FAQ](docs/FAQ.md) or join us in:
 
diff --git a/appservice/appservice.go b/appservice/appservice.go
index 753850de7..b950a8219 100644
--- a/appservice/appservice.go
+++ b/appservice/appservice.go
@@ -21,14 +21,12 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 
 	appserviceAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/consumers"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/query"
 	roomserverAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
@@ -36,11 +34,6 @@ import (
 	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
 )
 
-// AddInternalRoutes registers HTTP handlers for internal API calls
-func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, queryAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	inthttp.AddRoutes(queryAPI, router, enableMetrics)
-}
-
 // NewInternalAPI returns a concerete implementation of the internal API. Callers
 // can call functions directly on the returned API or via an HTTP interface using AddInternalRoutes.
 func NewInternalAPI(
diff --git a/appservice/appservice_test.go b/appservice/appservice_test.go
index 83c551fea..9e9940cd3 100644
--- a/appservice/appservice_test.go
+++ b/appservice/appservice_test.go
@@ -10,12 +10,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/inthttp"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/test"
@@ -132,23 +128,7 @@ func TestAppserviceInternalAPI(t *testing.T) {
 		usrAPI := userapi.NewInternalAPI(base, &base.Cfg.UserAPI, nil, nil, rsAPI, nil)
 		asAPI := appservice.NewInternalAPI(base, usrAPI, rsAPI)
 
-		// Finally execute the tests
-		t.Run("HTTP API", func(t *testing.T) {
-			router := mux.NewRouter().PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Subrouter()
-			appservice.AddInternalRoutes(router, asAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-			apiURL, cancel := test.ListenAndServe(t, router, false)
-			defer cancel()
-
-			asHTTPApi, err := inthttp.NewAppserviceClient(apiURL, &http.Client{})
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("failed to create HTTP client: %s", err)
-			}
-			runCases(t, asHTTPApi)
-		})
-
-		t.Run("Monolith", func(t *testing.T) {
-			runCases(t, asAPI)
-		})
+		runCases(t, asAPI)
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/appservice/inthttp/client.go b/appservice/inthttp/client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index f7f164877..000000000
--- a/appservice/inthttp/client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-)
-
-// HTTP paths for the internal HTTP APIs
-const (
-	AppServiceRoomAliasExistsPath = "/appservice/RoomAliasExists"
-	AppServiceUserIDExistsPath    = "/appservice/UserIDExists"
-	AppServiceLocationsPath       = "/appservice/locations"
-	AppServiceUserPath            = "/appservice/users"
-	AppServiceProtocolsPath       = "/appservice/protocols"
-)
-
-// httpAppServiceQueryAPI contains the URL to an appservice query API and a
-// reference to a httpClient used to reach it
-type httpAppServiceQueryAPI struct {
-	appserviceURL string
-	httpClient    *http.Client
-}
-
-// NewAppserviceClient creates a AppServiceQueryAPI implemented by talking
-// to a HTTP POST API.
-// If httpClient is nil an error is returned
-func NewAppserviceClient(
-	appserviceURL string,
-	httpClient *http.Client,
-) (api.AppServiceInternalAPI, error) {
-	if httpClient == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("NewRoomserverAliasAPIHTTP: httpClient is <nil>")
-	}
-	return &httpAppServiceQueryAPI{appserviceURL, httpClient}, nil
-}
-
-// RoomAliasExists implements AppServiceQueryAPI
-func (h *httpAppServiceQueryAPI) RoomAliasExists(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.RoomAliasExistsRequest,
-	response *api.RoomAliasExistsResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"RoomAliasExists", h.appserviceURL+AppServiceRoomAliasExistsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// UserIDExists implements AppServiceQueryAPI
-func (h *httpAppServiceQueryAPI) UserIDExists(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.UserIDExistsRequest,
-	response *api.UserIDExistsResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"UserIDExists", h.appserviceURL+AppServiceUserIDExistsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpAppServiceQueryAPI) Locations(ctx context.Context, request *api.LocationRequest, response *api.LocationResponse) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"ASLocation", h.appserviceURL+AppServiceLocationsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpAppServiceQueryAPI) User(ctx context.Context, request *api.UserRequest, response *api.UserResponse) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"ASUser", h.appserviceURL+AppServiceUserPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpAppServiceQueryAPI) Protocols(ctx context.Context, request *api.ProtocolRequest, response *api.ProtocolResponse) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"ASProtocols", h.appserviceURL+AppServiceProtocolsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/appservice/inthttp/server.go b/appservice/inthttp/server.go
deleted file mode 100644
index b70fad673..000000000
--- a/appservice/inthttp/server.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-)
-
-// AddRoutes adds the AppServiceQueryAPI handlers to the http.ServeMux.
-func AddRoutes(a api.AppServiceInternalAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router, enableMetrics bool) {
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		AppServiceRoomAliasExistsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("AppserviceRoomAliasExists", enableMetrics, a.RoomAliasExists),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		AppServiceUserIDExistsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("AppserviceUserIDExists", enableMetrics, a.UserIDExists),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		AppServiceProtocolsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("AppserviceProtocols", enableMetrics, a.Protocols),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		AppServiceLocationsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("AppserviceLocations", enableMetrics, a.Locations),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		AppServiceUserPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("AppserviceUser", enableMetrics, a.User),
-	)
-}
diff --git a/build/dendritejs-pinecone/main.go b/build/dendritejs-pinecone/main.go
index f44a77488..f3fcb03e4 100644
--- a/build/dendritejs-pinecone/main.go
+++ b/build/dendritejs-pinecone/main.go
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func startup() {
 	if err := cfg.Derive(); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatalf("Failed to derive values from config: %s", err)
 	}
-	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith")
+	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg)
 	defer base.Close() // nolint: errcheck
 
 	rsAPI := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(base)
@@ -215,7 +215,6 @@ func startup() {
 	monolith.AddAllPublicRoutes(base)
 
 	httpRouter := mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).UseEncodedPath()
-	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Handler(base.InternalAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicClientPathPrefix).Handler(base.PublicClientAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicMediaPathPrefix).Handler(base.PublicMediaAPIMux)
 
diff --git a/build/docker/README.md b/build/docker/README.md
index 7eb20d88f..d8abd6538 100644
--- a/build/docker/README.md
+++ b/build/docker/README.md
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ These are Docker images for Dendrite!
 They can be found on Docker Hub:
 
 - [matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith](https://hub.docker.com/r/matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith) for monolith deployments
-- [matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith](https://hub.docker.com/r/matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith) for polylith deployments
 
 ## Dockerfiles
 
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ repository, run:
 
 ```
 docker build . --target monolith -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith
-docker build . --target polylith -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith
 docker build . --target demo-pinecone -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-demo-pinecone
 docker build . --target demo-yggdrasil -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil
 ```
@@ -25,7 +23,6 @@ docker build . --target demo-yggdrasil -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil
 There are two sample `docker-compose` files:
 
 - `docker-compose.monolith.yml` which runs a monolith Dendrite deployment
-- `docker-compose.polylith.yml` which runs a polylith Dendrite deployment
 
 ## Configuration
 
@@ -51,7 +48,7 @@ docker run --rm --entrypoint="" \
 
 The key files will now exist in your current working directory, and can be mounted into place.
 
-## Starting Dendrite as a monolith deployment
+## Starting Dendrite
 
 Create your config based on the [`dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml`](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml) sample configuration file.
 
@@ -61,16 +58,6 @@ Then start the deployment:
 docker-compose -f docker-compose.monolith.yml up
 ```
 
-## Starting Dendrite as a polylith deployment
-
-Create your config based on the [`dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml`](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml) sample configuration file.
-
-Then start the deployment:
-
-```
-docker-compose -f docker-compose.polylith.yml up
-```
-
 ## Building the images
 
 The `build/docker/images-build.sh` script will build the base image, followed by
diff --git a/build/docker/docker-compose.polylith.yml b/build/docker/docker-compose.polylith.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index de0ab0aa2..000000000
--- a/build/docker/docker-compose.polylith.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-version: "3.4"
-services:
-  postgres:
-    hostname: postgres
-    image: postgres:14
-    restart: always
-    volumes:
-      - ./postgres/create_db.sh:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/20-create_db.sh
-      # To persist your PostgreSQL databases outside of the Docker image, 
-      # to prevent data loss, modify the following ./path_to path:
-      - ./path_to/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql/data
-    environment:
-      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: itsasecret
-      POSTGRES_USER: dendrite
-    healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U dendrite"]
-      interval: 5s
-      timeout: 5s
-      retries: 5
-    networks:
-      - internal
-
-  jetstream:
-    hostname: jetstream
-    image: nats:latest
-    command: |
-      --jetstream
-      --store_dir /var/lib/nats
-      --cluster_name Dendrite
-    volumes:
-      # To persist your NATS JetStream streams outside of the Docker image,
-      # prevent data loss, modify the following ./path_to path:
-      - ./path_to/nats:/var/lib/nats
-    networks:
-      - internal
-
-  client_api:
-    hostname: client_api
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: clientapi
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-
-  media_api:
-    hostname: media_api
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: mediaapi
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-      - ./media:/var/dendrite/media
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-
-  sync_api:
-    hostname: sync_api
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: syncapi
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-
-  room_server:
-    hostname: room_server
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: roomserver
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-
-  federation_api:
-    hostname: federation_api
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: federationapi
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-      
-  key_server:
-    hostname: key_server
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: keyserver
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-      
-  user_api:
-    hostname: user_api
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: userapi
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    restart: unless-stopped
-
-  appservice_api:
-    hostname: appservice_api
-    image: matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:latest
-    command: appservice
-    volumes:
-      - ./config:/etc/dendrite
-    networks:
-      - internal
-    depends_on:
-      - jetstream
-      - postgres
-      - room_server
-      - user_api
-    restart: unless-stopped
-
-networks:
-  internal:
-    attachable: true
diff --git a/build/docker/images-build.sh b/build/docker/images-build.sh
index d97a701ed..bf227968f 100755
--- a/build/docker/images-build.sh
+++ b/build/docker/images-build.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,5 @@ TAG=${1:-latest}
 echo "Building tag '${TAG}'"
 
 docker build . --target monolith -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith:${TAG}
-docker build . --target polylith -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith:${TAG}
 docker build . --target demo-pinecone -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-demo-pinecone:${TAG}
 docker build . --target demo-yggdrasil -t matrixdotorg/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil:${TAG}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/build/docker/images-pull.sh b/build/docker/images-pull.sh
index f3f98ce7c..7772ca747 100755
--- a/build/docker/images-pull.sh
+++ b/build/docker/images-pull.sh
@@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ TAG=${1:-latest}
 echo "Pulling tag '${TAG}'"
 
 docker pull matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith:${TAG}
-docker pull matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:${TAG}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/build/docker/images-push.sh b/build/docker/images-push.sh
index 248fdee2b..d166d355a 100755
--- a/build/docker/images-push.sh
+++ b/build/docker/images-push.sh
@@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ TAG=${1:-latest}
 echo "Pushing tag '${TAG}'"
 
 docker push matrixdotorg/dendrite-monolith:${TAG}
-docker push matrixdotorg/dendrite-polylith:${TAG}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/build/gobind-yggdrasil/monolith.go b/build/gobind-yggdrasil/monolith.go
index 8c2d0a006..fad850a9e 100644
--- a/build/gobind-yggdrasil/monolith.go
+++ b/build/gobind-yggdrasil/monolith.go
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ func (m *DendriteMonolith) Start() {
 
 	cfg := &config.Dendrite{}
 	cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   true,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       true,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
 	cfg.Global.ServerName = gomatrixserverlib.ServerName(hex.EncodeToString(pk))
 	cfg.Global.PrivateKey = sk
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func (m *DendriteMonolith) Start() {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 
-	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith")
+	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg)
 	base.ConfigureAdminEndpoints()
 	m.processContext = base.ProcessContext
 	defer base.Close() // nolint: errcheck
@@ -194,7 +194,6 @@ func (m *DendriteMonolith) Start() {
 	monolith.AddAllPublicRoutes(base)
 
 	httpRouter := mux.NewRouter()
-	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Handler(base.InternalAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicClientPathPrefix).Handler(base.PublicClientAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicMediaPathPrefix).Handler(base.PublicMediaAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.DendriteAdminPathPrefix).Handler(base.DendriteAdminMux)
diff --git a/build/scripts/Complement.Dockerfile b/build/scripts/Complement.Dockerfile
index 3a00fbdf0..70bbe8f95 100644
--- a/build/scripts/Complement.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/scripts/Complement.Dockerfile
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ RUN --mount=target=. \
     --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
     CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite ./cmd/generate-config && \
     CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite ./cmd/generate-keys && \
-    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite ./cmd/dendrite-monolith-server && \
-    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go test -c -cover -covermode=atomic -o /dendrite/dendrite-monolith-server-cover -coverpkg "github.com/matrix-org/..." ./cmd/dendrite-monolith-server && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite/dendrite ./cmd/dendrite && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go test -c -cover -covermode=atomic -o /dendrite/dendrite-cover -coverpkg "github.com/matrix-org/..." ./cmd/dendrite && \
     cp build/scripts/complement-cmd.sh /complement-cmd.sh
 
 WORKDIR /dendrite
diff --git a/build/scripts/ComplementLocal.Dockerfile b/build/scripts/ComplementLocal.Dockerfile
index e3fbe1aa8..0b80cfc40 100644
--- a/build/scripts/ComplementLocal.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/scripts/ComplementLocal.Dockerfile
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ WORKDIR /runtime
 # This script compiles Dendrite for us.
 RUN echo '\
     #!/bin/bash -eux \n\
-    if test -f "/runtime/dendrite-monolith-server" && test -f "/runtime/dendrite-monolith-server-cover"; then \n\
+    if test -f "/runtime/dendrite" && test -f "/runtime/dendrite-cover"; then \n\
     echo "Skipping compilation; binaries exist" \n\
     exit 0 \n\
     fi \n\
     cd /dendrite \n\
-    go build -v -o /runtime /dendrite/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server \n\
-    go test -c -cover -covermode=atomic -o /runtime/dendrite-monolith-server-cover -coverpkg "github.com/matrix-org/..." /dendrite/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server \n\
+    go build -v -o /runtime /dendrite/cmd/dendrite \n\
+    go test -c -cover -covermode=atomic -o /runtime/dendrite-cover -coverpkg "github.com/matrix-org/..." /dendrite/cmd/dendrite \n\
     ' > compile.sh && chmod +x compile.sh
 
 # This script runs Dendrite for us. Must be run in the /runtime directory.
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ RUN echo '\
     ./generate-keys -keysize 1024 --server $SERVER_NAME --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --tls-authority-cert /complement/ca/ca.crt --tls-authority-key /complement/ca/ca.key \n\
     ./generate-config -server $SERVER_NAME --ci > dendrite.yaml \n\
     cp /complement/ca/ca.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ && update-ca-certificates \n\
-    [ ${COVER} -eq 1 ] && exec ./dendrite-monolith-server-cover --test.coverprofile=integrationcover.log --really-enable-open-registration --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml \n\
-    exec ./dendrite-monolith-server --really-enable-open-registration --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml \n\
+    [ ${COVER} -eq 1 ] && exec ./dendrite-cover --test.coverprofile=integrationcover.log --really-enable-open-registration --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml \n\
+    exec ./dendrite --really-enable-open-registration --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml \n\
     ' > run.sh && chmod +x run.sh
 
 
diff --git a/build/scripts/ComplementPostgres.Dockerfile b/build/scripts/ComplementPostgres.Dockerfile
index 444cb947d..d4b6d3f75 100644
--- a/build/scripts/ComplementPostgres.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/scripts/ComplementPostgres.Dockerfile
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ RUN --mount=target=. \
     --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
     CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite ./cmd/generate-config && \
     CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite ./cmd/generate-keys && \
-    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite ./cmd/dendrite-monolith-server && \
-    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go test -c -cover -covermode=atomic -o /dendrite/dendrite-monolith-server-cover -coverpkg "github.com/matrix-org/..." ./cmd/dendrite-monolith-server && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go build -o /dendrite/dendrite ./cmd/dendrite && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=${CGO} go test -c -cover -covermode=atomic -o /dendrite/dendrite-cover -coverpkg "github.com/matrix-org/..." ./cmd/dendrite && \
     cp build/scripts/complement-cmd.sh /complement-cmd.sh
 
 WORKDIR /dendrite
diff --git a/build/scripts/complement-cmd.sh b/build/scripts/complement-cmd.sh
index def091e27..52b063d01 100755
--- a/build/scripts/complement-cmd.sh
+++ b/build/scripts/complement-cmd.sh
@@ -4,19 +4,17 @@
 
 if [[ "${COVER}" -eq 1 ]]; then
   echo "Running with coverage"
-  exec /dendrite/dendrite-monolith-server-cover \
+  exec /dendrite/dendrite-cover \
     --really-enable-open-registration \
     --tls-cert server.crt \
     --tls-key server.key \
     --config dendrite.yaml \
-    -api=${API:-0} \
     --test.coverprofile=complementcover.log
 else
   echo "Not running with coverage"
-  exec /dendrite/dendrite-monolith-server \
+  exec /dendrite/dendrite \
     --really-enable-open-registration \
     --tls-cert server.crt \
     --tls-key server.key \
-    --config dendrite.yaml \
-    -api=${API:-0}
+    --config dendrite.yaml
 fi
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/auth_fallback_test.go b/clientapi/routing/auth_fallback_test.go
index 0d77f9a01..534581bdd 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/auth_fallback_test.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/auth_fallback_test.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func Test_AuthFallback(t *testing.T) {
 			for _, wantErr := range []bool{false, true} {
 				t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("useHCaptcha(%v) - recaptchaEnabled(%v) - wantErr(%v)", useHCaptcha, recaptchaEnabled, wantErr), func(t *testing.T) {
 					// Set the defaults for each test
-					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{Generate: true, Monolithic: true})
+					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{Generate: true, SingleDatabase: true})
 					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.RecaptchaEnabled = recaptchaEnabled
 					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.RecaptchaPublicKey = "pub"
 					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.RecaptchaPrivateKey = "priv"
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func Test_AuthFallback(t *testing.T) {
 						base.Cfg.ClientAPI.RecaptchaSitekeyClass = "h-captcha"
 					}
 					cfgErrs := &config.ConfigErrors{}
-					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.Verify(cfgErrs, true)
+					base.Cfg.ClientAPI.Verify(cfgErrs)
 					if len(*cfgErrs) > 0 {
 						t.Fatalf("(hCaptcha=%v) unexpected config errors: %s", useHCaptcha, cfgErrs.Error())
 					}
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/leaveroom.go b/clientapi/routing/leaveroom.go
index 86414afca..a71661851 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/leaveroom.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/leaveroom.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/clientapi/jsonerror"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
 	roomserverAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
@@ -45,15 +44,6 @@ func LeaveRoomByID(
 				JSON: jsonerror.LeaveServerNoticeError(),
 			}
 		}
-		switch e := err.(type) {
-		case httputil.InternalAPIError:
-			if e.Message == jsonerror.LeaveServerNoticeError().Error() {
-				return util.JSONResponse{
-					Code: http.StatusForbidden,
-					JSON: jsonerror.LeaveServerNoticeError(),
-				}
-			}
-		}
 		return util.JSONResponse{
 			Code: http.StatusBadRequest,
 			JSON: jsonerror.Unknown(err.Error()),
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/register.go b/clientapi/routing/register.go
index be2b192b2..ff6a0900e 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/register.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/register.go
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal"
-	internalHTTPUtil "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/sqlutil"
 	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/eventutil"
@@ -861,16 +859,6 @@ func completeRegistration(
 				JSON: jsonerror.UserInUse("Desired user ID is already taken."),
 			}
 		}
-		switch e := err.(type) {
-		case internalHTTPUtil.InternalAPIError:
-			conflictErr := &userapi.ErrorConflict{Message: sqlutil.ErrUserExists.Error()}
-			if e.Message == conflictErr.Error() {
-				return util.JSONResponse{
-					Code: http.StatusBadRequest,
-					JSON: jsonerror.UserInUse("Desired user ID is already taken."),
-				}
-			}
-		}
 		return util.JSONResponse{
 			Code: http.StatusInternalServerError,
 			JSON: jsonerror.Unknown("failed to create account: " + err.Error()),
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/register_test.go b/clientapi/routing/register_test.go
index bccc1b79b..670c392bf 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/register_test.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/register_test.go
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ func TestValidationOfApplicationServices(t *testing.T) {
 	// Set up a config
 	fakeConfig := &config.Dendrite{}
 	fakeConfig.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   true,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       true,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
 	fakeConfig.Global.ServerName = "localhost"
 	fakeConfig.ClientAPI.Derived.ApplicationServices = []config.ApplicationService{fakeApplicationService}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-demo-pinecone/monolith/monolith.go b/cmd/dendrite-demo-pinecone/monolith/monolith.go
index 6f1c69a78..fe19593ce 100644
--- a/cmd/dendrite-demo-pinecone/monolith/monolith.go
+++ b/cmd/dendrite-demo-pinecone/monolith/monolith.go
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ type P2PMonolith struct {
 func GenerateDefaultConfig(sk ed25519.PrivateKey, storageDir string, cacheDir string, dbPrefix string) *config.Dendrite {
 	cfg := config.Dendrite{}
 	cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   true,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       true,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
 	cfg.Global.PrivateKey = sk
 	cfg.Global.JetStream.StoragePath = config.Path(fmt.Sprintf("%s/", filepath.Join(cacheDir, dbPrefix)))
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ func (p *P2PMonolith) SetupPinecone(sk ed25519.PrivateKey) {
 
 func (p *P2PMonolith) SetupDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, port int, enableRelaying bool, enableMetrics bool, enableWebsockets bool) {
 	if enableMetrics {
-		p.BaseDendrite = base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith")
+		p.BaseDendrite = base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg)
 	} else {
-		p.BaseDendrite = base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith", base.DisableMetrics)
+		p.BaseDendrite = base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 	}
 	p.port = port
 	p.BaseDendrite.ConfigureAdminEndpoints()
@@ -236,7 +236,6 @@ func (p *P2PMonolith) Addr() string {
 
 func (p *P2PMonolith) setupHttpServers(userProvider *users.PineconeUserProvider, enableWebsockets bool) {
 	p.httpMux = mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).UseEncodedPath()
-	p.httpMux.PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Handler(p.BaseDendrite.InternalAPIMux)
 	p.httpMux.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicClientPathPrefix).Handler(p.BaseDendrite.PublicClientAPIMux)
 	p.httpMux.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicMediaPathPrefix).Handler(p.BaseDendrite.PublicMediaAPIMux)
 	p.httpMux.PathPrefix(httputil.DendriteAdminPathPrefix).Handler(p.BaseDendrite.DendriteAdminMux)
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil/main.go b/cmd/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil/main.go
index 3ea4a08b0..842682b4a 100644
--- a/cmd/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil/main.go
+++ b/cmd/dendrite-demo-yggdrasil/main.go
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ func main() {
 		cfg = setup.ParseFlags(true)
 	} else {
 		cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: true,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: true,
 		})
 		cfg.Global.PrivateKey = sk
 		cfg.Global.JetStream.StoragePath = config.Path(filepath.Join(*instanceDir, *instanceName))
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func main() {
 	cfg.Global.ServerName = gomatrixserverlib.ServerName(hex.EncodeToString(pk))
 	cfg.Global.KeyID = gomatrixserverlib.KeyID(signing.KeyID)
 
-	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith")
+	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg)
 	base.ConfigureAdminEndpoints()
 	defer base.Close() // nolint: errcheck
 
@@ -157,13 +157,11 @@ func main() {
 	serverKeyAPI := &signing.YggdrasilKeys{}
 	keyRing := serverKeyAPI.KeyRing()
 
-	rsComponent := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(
+	rsAPI := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(
 		base,
 	)
 
-	keyAPI := keyserver.NewInternalAPI(base, &base.Cfg.KeyServer, federation, rsComponent)
-
-	rsAPI := rsComponent
+	keyAPI := keyserver.NewInternalAPI(base, &base.Cfg.KeyServer, federation, rsAPI)
 
 	userAPI := userapi.NewInternalAPI(base, &cfg.UserAPI, nil, keyAPI, rsAPI, base.PushGatewayHTTPClient())
 	keyAPI.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
@@ -174,7 +172,7 @@ func main() {
 		base, federation, rsAPI, base.Caches, keyRing, true,
 	)
 
-	rsComponent.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, keyRing)
+	rsAPI.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, keyRing)
 
 	monolith := setup.Monolith{
 		Config:    base.Cfg,
@@ -197,7 +195,6 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	httpRouter := mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).UseEncodedPath()
-	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Handler(base.InternalAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicClientPathPrefix).Handler(base.PublicClientAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicMediaPathPrefix).Handler(base.PublicMediaAPIMux)
 	httpRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.DendriteAdminPathPrefix).Handler(base.DendriteAdminMux)
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go b/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 6836b6426..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,178 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Vector Creations Ltd
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package main
-
-import (
-	"flag"
-	"os"
-
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/mscs"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi"
-	uapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-var (
-	httpBindAddr   = flag.String("http-bind-address", ":8008", "The HTTP listening port for the server")
-	httpsBindAddr  = flag.String("https-bind-address", ":8448", "The HTTPS listening port for the server")
-	apiBindAddr    = flag.String("api-bind-address", "localhost:18008", "The HTTP listening port for the internal HTTP APIs (if -api is enabled)")
-	certFile       = flag.String("tls-cert", "", "The PEM formatted X509 certificate to use for TLS")
-	keyFile        = flag.String("tls-key", "", "The PEM private key to use for TLS")
-	enableHTTPAPIs = flag.Bool("api", false, "Use HTTP APIs instead of short-circuiting (warning: exposes API endpoints!)")
-	traceInternal  = os.Getenv("DENDRITE_TRACE_INTERNAL") == "1"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	cfg := setup.ParseFlags(true)
-	httpAddr := config.HTTPAddress("http://" + *httpBindAddr)
-	httpsAddr := config.HTTPAddress("https://" + *httpsBindAddr)
-	httpAPIAddr := httpAddr
-	options := []basepkg.BaseDendriteOptions{}
-	if *enableHTTPAPIs {
-		logrus.Warnf("DANGER! The -api option is enabled, exposing internal APIs on %q!", *apiBindAddr)
-		httpAPIAddr = config.HTTPAddress("http://" + *apiBindAddr)
-		// If the HTTP APIs are enabled then we need to update the Listen
-		// statements in the configuration so that we know where to find
-		// the API endpoints. They'll listen on the same port as the monolith
-		// itself.
-		cfg.AppServiceAPI.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.ClientAPI.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.FederationAPI.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.KeyServer.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.MediaAPI.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.RoomServer.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.SyncAPI.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		cfg.UserAPI.InternalAPI.Connect = httpAPIAddr
-		options = append(options, basepkg.UseHTTPAPIs)
-	}
-
-	base := basepkg.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith", options...)
-	defer base.Close() // nolint: errcheck
-
-	federation := base.CreateFederationClient()
-
-	rsImpl := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(base)
-	// call functions directly on the impl unless running in HTTP mode
-	rsAPI := rsImpl
-	if base.UseHTTPAPIs {
-		roomserver.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, rsImpl, base.EnableMetrics)
-		rsAPI = base.RoomserverHTTPClient()
-	}
-	if traceInternal {
-		rsAPI = &api.RoomserverInternalAPITrace{
-			Impl: rsAPI,
-		}
-	}
-
-	fsAPI := federationapi.NewInternalAPI(
-		base, federation, rsAPI, base.Caches, nil, false,
-	)
-	fsImplAPI := fsAPI
-	if base.UseHTTPAPIs {
-		federationapi.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, fsAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-		fsAPI = base.FederationAPIHTTPClient()
-	}
-	keyRing := fsAPI.KeyRing()
-
-	keyImpl := keyserver.NewInternalAPI(base, &base.Cfg.KeyServer, fsAPI, rsAPI)
-	keyAPI := keyImpl
-	if base.UseHTTPAPIs {
-		keyserver.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, keyAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-		keyAPI = base.KeyServerHTTPClient()
-	}
-
-	pgClient := base.PushGatewayHTTPClient()
-	userImpl := userapi.NewInternalAPI(base, &cfg.UserAPI, cfg.Derived.ApplicationServices, keyAPI, rsAPI, pgClient)
-	userAPI := userImpl
-	if base.UseHTTPAPIs {
-		userapi.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, userAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-		userAPI = base.UserAPIClient()
-	}
-	if traceInternal {
-		userAPI = &uapi.UserInternalAPITrace{
-			Impl: userAPI,
-		}
-	}
-
-	// TODO: This should use userAPI, not userImpl, but the appservice setup races with
-	// the listeners and panics at startup if it tries to create appservice accounts
-	// before the listeners are up.
-	asAPI := appservice.NewInternalAPI(base, userImpl, rsAPI)
-	if base.UseHTTPAPIs {
-		appservice.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, asAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-		asAPI = base.AppserviceHTTPClient()
-	}
-
-	// The underlying roomserver implementation needs to be able to call the fedsender.
-	// This is different to rsAPI which can be the http client which doesn't need this
-	// dependency. Other components also need updating after their dependencies are up.
-	rsImpl.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, keyRing)
-	rsImpl.SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI)
-	rsImpl.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
-	keyImpl.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
-
-	monolith := setup.Monolith{
-		Config:    base.Cfg,
-		Client:    base.CreateClient(),
-		FedClient: federation,
-		KeyRing:   keyRing,
-
-		AppserviceAPI: asAPI,
-		// always use the concrete impl here even in -http mode because adding public routes
-		// must be done on the concrete impl not an HTTP client else fedapi will call itself
-		FederationAPI: fsImplAPI,
-		RoomserverAPI: rsAPI,
-		UserAPI:       userAPI,
-		KeyAPI:        keyAPI,
-	}
-	monolith.AddAllPublicRoutes(base)
-
-	if len(base.Cfg.MSCs.MSCs) > 0 {
-		if err := mscs.Enable(base, &monolith); err != nil {
-			logrus.WithError(err).Fatalf("Failed to enable MSCs")
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Expose the matrix APIs directly rather than putting them under a /api path.
-	go func() {
-		base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-			httpAPIAddr, // internal API
-			httpAddr,    // external API
-			nil, nil,    // TLS settings
-		)
-	}()
-	// Handle HTTPS if certificate and key are provided
-	if *certFile != "" && *keyFile != "" {
-		go func() {
-			base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-				basepkg.NoListener, // internal API
-				httpsAddr,          // external API
-				certFile, keyFile,  // TLS settings
-			)
-		}()
-	}
-
-	// We want to block forever to let the HTTP and HTTPS handler serve the APIs
-	base.WaitForShutdown()
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/main.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/main.go
deleted file mode 100644
index c6a560b19..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/main.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package main
-
-import (
-	"flag"
-	"os"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-)
-
-type entrypoint func(base *base.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite)
-
-func main() {
-	cfg := setup.ParseFlags(false)
-
-	component := ""
-	if flag.NFlag() > 0 {
-		component = flag.Arg(0) // ./dendrite-polylith-multi --config=... clientapi
-	} else if len(os.Args) > 1 {
-		component = os.Args[1] // ./dendrite-polylith-multi clientapi
-	}
-
-	components := map[string]entrypoint{
-		"appservice":    personalities.Appservice,
-		"clientapi":     personalities.ClientAPI,
-		"federationapi": personalities.FederationAPI,
-		"keyserver":     personalities.KeyServer,
-		"mediaapi":      personalities.MediaAPI,
-		"roomserver":    personalities.RoomServer,
-		"syncapi":       personalities.SyncAPI,
-		"userapi":       personalities.UserAPI,
-	}
-
-	start, ok := components[component]
-	if !ok {
-		if component == "" {
-			logrus.Errorf("No component specified")
-			logrus.Info("The first argument on the command line must be the name of the component to run")
-		} else {
-			logrus.Errorf("Unknown component %q specified", component)
-		}
-
-		var list []string
-		for c := range components {
-			list = append(list, c)
-		}
-		logrus.Infof("Valid components: %s", strings.Join(list, ", "))
-
-		os.Exit(1)
-	}
-
-	logrus.Infof("Starting %q component", component)
-
-	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, component, base.PolylithMode) // TODO
-	defer base.Close()                                              // nolint: errcheck
-
-	go start(base, cfg)
-	base.WaitForShutdown()
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/appservice.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/appservice.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 0547d57f0..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/appservice.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-)
-
-func Appservice(base *base.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	userAPI := base.UserAPIClient()
-	rsAPI := base.RoomserverHTTPClient()
-
-	intAPI := appservice.NewInternalAPI(base, userAPI, rsAPI)
-	appservice.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, intAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.AppServiceAPI.InternalAPI.Listen, // internal listener
-		basepkg.NoListener,                        // external listener
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/clientapi.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/clientapi.go
deleted file mode 100644
index a5d69d07c..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/clientapi.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/clientapi"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/transactions"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-)
-
-func ClientAPI(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	federation := base.CreateFederationClient()
-
-	asQuery := base.AppserviceHTTPClient()
-	rsAPI := base.RoomserverHTTPClient()
-	fsAPI := base.FederationAPIHTTPClient()
-	userAPI := base.UserAPIClient()
-	keyAPI := base.KeyServerHTTPClient()
-
-	clientapi.AddPublicRoutes(
-		base, federation, rsAPI, asQuery,
-		transactions.New(), fsAPI, userAPI, userAPI,
-		keyAPI, nil,
-	)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.ClientAPI.InternalAPI.Listen,
-		base.Cfg.ClientAPI.ExternalAPI.Listen,
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/federationapi.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/federationapi.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 48da42fbf..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/federationapi.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-)
-
-func FederationAPI(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	userAPI := base.UserAPIClient()
-	federation := base.CreateFederationClient()
-	rsAPI := base.RoomserverHTTPClient()
-	keyAPI := base.KeyServerHTTPClient()
-	fsAPI := federationapi.NewInternalAPI(base, federation, rsAPI, base.Caches, nil, true)
-	keyRing := fsAPI.KeyRing()
-
-	federationapi.AddPublicRoutes(
-		base,
-		userAPI, federation, keyRing,
-		rsAPI, fsAPI, keyAPI, nil,
-	)
-
-	federationapi.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, fsAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.FederationAPI.InternalAPI.Listen,
-		base.Cfg.FederationAPI.ExternalAPI.Listen,
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/keyserver.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/keyserver.go
deleted file mode 100644
index ad0bd0e54..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/keyserver.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-)
-
-func KeyServer(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	fsAPI := base.FederationAPIHTTPClient()
-	rsAPI := base.RoomserverHTTPClient()
-	intAPI := keyserver.NewInternalAPI(base, &base.Cfg.KeyServer, fsAPI, rsAPI)
-	intAPI.SetUserAPI(base.UserAPIClient())
-
-	keyserver.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, intAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.KeyServer.InternalAPI.Listen, // internal listener
-		basepkg.NoListener,                    // external listener
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/mediaapi.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/mediaapi.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 69d5fd5a8..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/mediaapi.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/mediaapi"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-)
-
-func MediaAPI(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	userAPI := base.UserAPIClient()
-	client := base.CreateClient()
-
-	mediaapi.AddPublicRoutes(
-		base, userAPI, client,
-	)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.MediaAPI.InternalAPI.Listen,
-		base.Cfg.MediaAPI.ExternalAPI.Listen,
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/roomserver.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/roomserver.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 974559bd2..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/roomserver.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver"
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-)
-
-func RoomServer(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	asAPI := base.AppserviceHTTPClient()
-	fsAPI := base.FederationAPIHTTPClient()
-	rsAPI := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(base)
-	rsAPI.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, fsAPI.KeyRing())
-	rsAPI.SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI)
-	roomserver.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, rsAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.RoomServer.InternalAPI.Listen, // internal listener
-		basepkg.NoListener,                     // external listener
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/syncapi.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/syncapi.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 41637fe1d..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/syncapi.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/syncapi"
-)
-
-func SyncAPI(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	userAPI := base.UserAPIClient()
-
-	rsAPI := base.RoomserverHTTPClient()
-
-	syncapi.AddPublicRoutes(
-		base,
-		userAPI, rsAPI,
-		base.KeyServerHTTPClient(),
-	)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.SyncAPI.InternalAPI.Listen,
-		base.Cfg.SyncAPI.ExternalAPI.Listen,
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/userapi.go b/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/userapi.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 1bc88cb5f..000000000
--- a/cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi/personalities/userapi.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package personalities
-
-import (
-	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi"
-)
-
-func UserAPI(base *basepkg.BaseDendrite, cfg *config.Dendrite) {
-	userAPI := userapi.NewInternalAPI(
-		base, &cfg.UserAPI, cfg.Derived.ApplicationServices,
-		base.KeyServerHTTPClient(), base.RoomserverHTTPClient(),
-		base.PushGatewayHTTPClient(),
-	)
-
-	userapi.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, userAPI, base.EnableMetrics)
-
-	base.SetupAndServeHTTP(
-		base.Cfg.UserAPI.InternalAPI.Listen, // internal listener
-		basepkg.NoListener,                  // external listener
-		nil, nil,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/main.go b/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/main.go
index 39b9320cb..174a80a3e 100644
--- a/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/main.go
+++ b/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/main.go
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ var (
 
 const HEAD = "HEAD"
 
+// The binary was renamed after v0.11.1, so everything after that should use the new name
+var binaryChangeVersion, _ = semver.NewVersion("v0.11.1")
+var latest, _ = semver.NewVersion("v6.6.6") // Dummy version, used as "HEAD"
+
 // Embed the Dockerfile to use when building dendrite versions.
 // We cannot use the dockerfile associated with the repo with each version sadly due to changes in
 // Docker versions. Specifically, earlier Dendrite versions are incompatible with newer Docker clients
@@ -54,12 +58,13 @@ const HEAD = "HEAD"
 const DockerfilePostgreSQL = `FROM golang:1.18-stretch as build
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y postgresql
 WORKDIR /build
+ARG BINARY
 
 # Copy the build context to the repo as this is the right dendrite code. This is different to the
 # Complement Dockerfile which wgets a branch.
 COPY . .
 
-RUN go build ./cmd/dendrite-monolith-server
+RUN go build ./cmd/${BINARY}
 RUN go build ./cmd/generate-keys
 RUN go build ./cmd/generate-config
 RUN go build ./cmd/create-account
@@ -88,22 +93,24 @@ done \n\
  \n\
 sed -i "s/server_name: localhost/server_name: ${SERVER_NAME}/g" dendrite.yaml \n\
 PARAMS="--tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml" \n\
-./dendrite-monolith-server --really-enable-open-registration ${PARAMS} || ./dendrite-monolith-server ${PARAMS} \n\
+./${BINARY} --really-enable-open-registration ${PARAMS} || ./${BINARY} ${PARAMS} \n\
 ' > run_dendrite.sh && chmod +x run_dendrite.sh
 
 ENV SERVER_NAME=localhost
+ENV BINARY=dendrite
 EXPOSE 8008 8448
-CMD /build/run_dendrite.sh `
+CMD /build/run_dendrite.sh`
 
 const DockerfileSQLite = `FROM golang:1.18-stretch as build
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y postgresql
 WORKDIR /build
+ARG BINARY
 
 # Copy the build context to the repo as this is the right dendrite code. This is different to the
 # Complement Dockerfile which wgets a branch.
 COPY . .
 
-RUN go build ./cmd/dendrite-monolith-server
+RUN go build ./cmd/${BINARY}
 RUN go build ./cmd/generate-keys
 RUN go build ./cmd/generate-config
 RUN go build ./cmd/create-account
@@ -118,10 +125,11 @@ RUN sed -i "s%connection_string:.file:%connection_string: file:\/var\/lib\/postg
 RUN echo '\
 sed -i "s/server_name: localhost/server_name: ${SERVER_NAME}/g" dendrite.yaml \n\
 PARAMS="--tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml" \n\
-./dendrite-monolith-server --really-enable-open-registration ${PARAMS} || ./dendrite-monolith-server ${PARAMS} \n\
+./${BINARY} --really-enable-open-registration ${PARAMS} || ./${BINARY} ${PARAMS} \n\
 ' > run_dendrite.sh && chmod +x run_dendrite.sh
 
 ENV SERVER_NAME=localhost
+ENV BINARY=dendrite
 EXPOSE 8008 8448
 CMD /build/run_dendrite.sh `
 
@@ -182,7 +190,7 @@ func downloadArchive(cli *http.Client, tmpDir, archiveURL string, dockerfile []b
 }
 
 // buildDendrite builds Dendrite on the branchOrTagName given. Returns the image ID or an error
-func buildDendrite(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, tmpDir, branchOrTagName string) (string, error) {
+func buildDendrite(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, tmpDir string, branchOrTagName, binary string) (string, error) {
 	var tarball *bytes.Buffer
 	var err error
 	// If a custom HEAD location is given, use that, else pull from github. Mostly useful for CI
@@ -216,6 +224,9 @@ func buildDendrite(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, tmpDir,
 	log.Printf("%s: Building version %s\n", branchOrTagName, branchOrTagName)
 	res, err := dockerClient.ImageBuild(context.Background(), tarball, types.ImageBuildOptions{
 		Tags: []string{"dendrite-upgrade"},
+		BuildArgs: map[string]*string{
+			"BINARY": &binary,
+		},
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to start building image: %s", err)
@@ -272,7 +283,7 @@ func getAndSortVersionsFromGithub(httpClient *http.Client) (semVers []*semver.Ve
 	return semVers, nil
 }
 
-func calculateVersions(cli *http.Client, from, to string, direct bool) []string {
+func calculateVersions(cli *http.Client, from, to string, direct bool) []*semver.Version {
 	semvers, err := getAndSortVersionsFromGithub(cli)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("failed to collect semvers from github: %s", err)
@@ -320,28 +331,25 @@ func calculateVersions(cli *http.Client, from, to string, direct bool) []string
 		}
 		semvers = semvers[:i+1]
 	}
-	var versions []string
-	for _, sv := range semvers {
-		versions = append(versions, sv.Original())
-	}
+
 	if to == HEAD {
-		versions = append(versions, HEAD)
+		semvers = append(semvers, latest)
 	}
 	if direct {
-		versions = []string{versions[0], versions[len(versions)-1]}
+		semvers = []*semver.Version{semvers[0], semvers[len(semvers)-1]}
 	}
-	return versions
+	return semvers
 }
 
-func buildDendriteImages(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, baseTempDir string, concurrency int, branchOrTagNames []string) map[string]string {
+func buildDendriteImages(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, baseTempDir string, concurrency int, versions []*semver.Version) map[string]string {
 	// concurrently build all versions, this can be done in any order. The mutex protects the map
 	branchToImageID := make(map[string]string)
 	var mu sync.Mutex
 
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
 	wg.Add(concurrency)
-	ch := make(chan string, len(branchOrTagNames))
-	for _, branchName := range branchOrTagNames {
+	ch := make(chan *semver.Version, len(versions))
+	for _, branchName := range versions {
 		ch <- branchName
 	}
 	close(ch)
@@ -349,11 +357,13 @@ func buildDendriteImages(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, b
 	for i := 0; i < concurrency; i++ {
 		go func() {
 			defer wg.Done()
-			for branchName := range ch {
+			for version := range ch {
+				branchName, binary := versionToBranchAndBinary(version)
+				log.Printf("Building version %s with binary %s", branchName, binary)
 				tmpDir := baseTempDir + alphaNumerics.ReplaceAllString(branchName, "")
-				imgID, err := buildDendrite(httpClient, dockerClient, tmpDir, branchName)
+				imgID, err := buildDendrite(httpClient, dockerClient, tmpDir, branchName, binary)
 				if err != nil {
-					log.Fatalf("%s: failed to build dendrite image: %s", branchName, err)
+					log.Fatalf("%s: failed to build dendrite image: %s", version, err)
 				}
 				mu.Lock()
 				branchToImageID[branchName] = imgID
@@ -365,13 +375,14 @@ func buildDendriteImages(httpClient *http.Client, dockerClient *client.Client, b
 	return branchToImageID
 }
 
-func runImage(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName, version, imageID string) (csAPIURL, containerID string, err error) {
-	log.Printf("%s: running image %s\n", version, imageID)
+func runImage(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName string, branchNameToImageID map[string]string, version *semver.Version) (csAPIURL, containerID string, err error) {
+	branchName, binary := versionToBranchAndBinary(version)
+	imageID := branchNameToImageID[branchName]
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Minute)
 	defer cancel()
 	body, err := dockerClient.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
 		Image: imageID,
-		Env:   []string{"SERVER_NAME=hs1"},
+		Env:   []string{"SERVER_NAME=hs1", fmt.Sprintf("BINARY=%s", binary)},
 		Labels: map[string]string{
 			dendriteUpgradeTestLabel: "yes",
 		},
@@ -384,7 +395,7 @@ func runImage(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName, version, imageID string)
 				Target: "/var/lib/postgresql/9.6/main",
 			},
 		},
-	}, nil, nil, "dendrite_upgrade_test_"+version)
+	}, nil, nil, "dendrite_upgrade_test_"+branchName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to ContainerCreate: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -451,8 +462,8 @@ func destroyContainer(dockerClient *client.Client, containerID string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func loadAndRunTests(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName, v string, branchToImageID map[string]string) error {
-	csAPIURL, containerID, err := runImage(dockerClient, volumeName, v, branchToImageID[v])
+func loadAndRunTests(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName string, v *semver.Version, branchToImageID map[string]string) error {
+	csAPIURL, containerID, err := runImage(dockerClient, volumeName, branchToImageID, v)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to run container for branch %v: %v", v, err)
 	}
@@ -470,9 +481,10 @@ func loadAndRunTests(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName, v string, branchTo
 }
 
 // test that create-account is working
-func testCreateAccount(dockerClient *client.Client, v string, containerID string) error {
-	createUser := strings.ToLower("createaccountuser-" + v)
-	log.Printf("%s: Creating account %s with create-account\n", v, createUser)
+func testCreateAccount(dockerClient *client.Client, version *semver.Version, containerID string) error {
+	branchName, _ := versionToBranchAndBinary(version)
+	createUser := strings.ToLower("createaccountuser-" + branchName)
+	log.Printf("%s: Creating account %s with create-account\n", branchName, createUser)
 
 	respID, err := dockerClient.ContainerExecCreate(context.Background(), containerID, types.ExecConfig{
 		AttachStderr: true,
@@ -504,9 +516,21 @@ func testCreateAccount(dockerClient *client.Client, v string, containerID string
 	return nil
 }
 
-func verifyTests(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName string, versions []string, branchToImageID map[string]string) error {
+func versionToBranchAndBinary(version *semver.Version) (branchName, binary string) {
+	binary = "dendrite-monolith-server"
+	branchName = version.Original()
+	if version.GreaterThan(binaryChangeVersion) {
+		binary = "dendrite"
+		if version.Equal(latest) {
+			branchName = HEAD
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func verifyTests(dockerClient *client.Client, volumeName string, versions []*semver.Version, branchToImageID map[string]string) error {
 	lastVer := versions[len(versions)-1]
-	csAPIURL, containerID, err := runImage(dockerClient, volumeName, lastVer, branchToImageID[lastVer])
+	csAPIURL, containerID, err := runImage(dockerClient, volumeName, branchToImageID, lastVer)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to run container for branch %v: %v", lastVer, err)
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/tests.go b/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/tests.go
index 5c9589df2..03438bd4d 100644
--- a/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/tests.go
+++ b/cmd/dendrite-upgrade-tests/tests.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 )
@@ -22,7 +23,8 @@ type user struct {
 // - register alice and bob with branch name muxed into the localpart
 // - create a DM room for the 2 users and exchange messages
 // - create/join a public #global room and exchange messages
-func runTests(baseURL, branchName string) error {
+func runTests(baseURL string, v *semver.Version) error {
+	branchName, _ := versionToBranchAndBinary(v)
 	// register 2 users
 	users := []user{
 		{
@@ -164,15 +166,16 @@ func runTests(baseURL, branchName string) error {
 }
 
 // verifyTestsRan checks that the HS has the right rooms/messages
-func verifyTestsRan(baseURL string, branchNames []string) error {
+func verifyTestsRan(baseURL string, versions []*semver.Version) error {
 	log.Println("Verifying tests....")
 	// check we can login as all users
 	var resp *gomatrix.RespLogin
-	for _, branchName := range branchNames {
+	for _, version := range versions {
 		client, err := gomatrix.NewClient(baseURL, "", "")
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		branchName, _ := versionToBranchAndBinary(version)
 		userLocalparts := []string{
 			"alice" + branchName,
 			"bob" + branchName,
@@ -224,7 +227,7 @@ func verifyTestsRan(baseURL string, branchNames []string) error {
 			msgCount += 1
 		}
 	}
-	wantMsgCount := len(branchNames) * 4
+	wantMsgCount := len(versions) * 4
 	if msgCount != wantMsgCount {
 		return fmt.Errorf("got %d messages in global room, want %d", msgCount, wantMsgCount)
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite/main.go b/cmd/dendrite/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35bfc1d65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/dendrite/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Vector Creations Ltd
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup"
+	basepkg "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/mscs"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi"
+)
+
+var (
+	httpBindAddr  = flag.String("http-bind-address", ":8008", "The HTTP listening port for the server")
+	httpsBindAddr = flag.String("https-bind-address", ":8448", "The HTTPS listening port for the server")
+	certFile      = flag.String("tls-cert", "", "The PEM formatted X509 certificate to use for TLS")
+	keyFile       = flag.String("tls-key", "", "The PEM private key to use for TLS")
+)
+
+func main() {
+	cfg := setup.ParseFlags(true)
+	httpAddr := config.HTTPAddress("http://" + *httpBindAddr)
+	httpsAddr := config.HTTPAddress("https://" + *httpsBindAddr)
+	options := []basepkg.BaseDendriteOptions{}
+
+	base := basepkg.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, options...)
+	defer base.Close() // nolint: errcheck
+
+	federation := base.CreateFederationClient()
+
+	rsAPI := roomserver.NewInternalAPI(base)
+
+	fsAPI := federationapi.NewInternalAPI(
+		base, federation, rsAPI, base.Caches, nil, false,
+	)
+
+	keyRing := fsAPI.KeyRing()
+
+	keyAPI := keyserver.NewInternalAPI(base, &base.Cfg.KeyServer, fsAPI, rsAPI)
+
+	pgClient := base.PushGatewayHTTPClient()
+	userAPI := userapi.NewInternalAPI(base, &cfg.UserAPI, cfg.Derived.ApplicationServices, keyAPI, rsAPI, pgClient)
+
+	asAPI := appservice.NewInternalAPI(base, userAPI, rsAPI)
+
+	// The underlying roomserver implementation needs to be able to call the fedsender.
+	// This is different to rsAPI which can be the http client which doesn't need this
+	// dependency. Other components also need updating after their dependencies are up.
+	rsAPI.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, keyRing)
+	rsAPI.SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI)
+	rsAPI.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
+	keyAPI.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
+
+	monolith := setup.Monolith{
+		Config:    base.Cfg,
+		Client:    base.CreateClient(),
+		FedClient: federation,
+		KeyRing:   keyRing,
+
+		AppserviceAPI: asAPI,
+		// always use the concrete impl here even in -http mode because adding public routes
+		// must be done on the concrete impl not an HTTP client else fedapi will call itself
+		FederationAPI: fsAPI,
+		RoomserverAPI: rsAPI,
+		UserAPI:       userAPI,
+		KeyAPI:        keyAPI,
+	}
+	monolith.AddAllPublicRoutes(base)
+
+	if len(base.Cfg.MSCs.MSCs) > 0 {
+		if err := mscs.Enable(base, &monolith); err != nil {
+			logrus.WithError(err).Fatalf("Failed to enable MSCs")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Expose the matrix APIs directly rather than putting them under a /api path.
+	go func() {
+		base.SetupAndServeHTTP(httpAddr, nil, nil)
+	}()
+	// Handle HTTPS if certificate and key are provided
+	if *certFile != "" && *keyFile != "" {
+		go func() {
+			base.SetupAndServeHTTP(httpsAddr, certFile, keyFile)
+		}()
+	}
+
+	// We want to block forever to let the HTTP and HTTPS handler serve the APIs
+	base.WaitForShutdown()
+}
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main_test.go b/cmd/dendrite/main_test.go
similarity index 100%
rename from cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main_test.go
rename to cmd/dendrite/main_test.go
diff --git a/cmd/generate-config/main.go b/cmd/generate-config/main.go
index 56a145653..b0707be11 100644
--- a/cmd/generate-config/main.go
+++ b/cmd/generate-config/main.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ func main() {
 	dbURI := flag.String("db", "", "The DB URI to use for all components (PostgreSQL only)")
 	dirPath := flag.String("dir", "./", "The folder to use for paths (like SQLite databases, media storage)")
 	normalise := flag.String("normalise", "", "Normalise an existing configuration file by adding new/missing options and defaults")
-	polylith := flag.Bool("polylith", false, "Generate a config that makes sense for polylith deployments")
 	flag.Parse()
 
 	var cfg *config.Dendrite
@@ -27,14 +26,14 @@ func main() {
 			Version: config.Version,
 		}
 		cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: !*polylith,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: true,
 		})
 		if *serverName != "" {
 			cfg.Global.ServerName = gomatrixserverlib.ServerName(*serverName)
 		}
 		uri := config.DataSource(*dbURI)
-		if *polylith || uri.IsSQLite() || uri == "" {
+		if uri.IsSQLite() || uri == "" {
 			for name, db := range map[string]*config.DatabaseOptions{
 				"federationapi": &cfg.FederationAPI.Database,
 				"keyserver":     &cfg.KeyServer.Database,
@@ -43,6 +42,7 @@ func main() {
 				"roomserver":    &cfg.RoomServer.Database,
 				"syncapi":       &cfg.SyncAPI.Database,
 				"userapi":       &cfg.UserAPI.AccountDatabase,
+				"relayapi":      &cfg.RelayAPI.Database,
 			} {
 				if uri == "" {
 					path := filepath.Join(*dirPath, fmt.Sprintf("dendrite_%s.db", name))
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func main() {
 		}
 	} else {
 		var err error
-		if cfg, err = config.Load(*normalise, !*polylith); err != nil {
+		if cfg, err = config.Load(*normalise); err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/resolve-state/main.go b/cmd/resolve-state/main.go
index f8bb130c7..59c66aed4 100644
--- a/cmd/resolve-state/main.go
+++ b/cmd/resolve-state/main.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func main() {
 		Level: "error",
 	})
 	cfg.ClientAPI.RegistrationDisabled = true
-	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "ResolveState", base.DisableMetrics)
+	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 	args := flag.Args()
 
 	fmt.Println("Room version", *roomVersion)
diff --git a/dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml b/dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index ecc3f4051..000000000
--- a/dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,417 +0,0 @@
-# This is the Dendrite configuration file.
-#
-# The configuration is split up into sections - each Dendrite component has a
-# configuration section, in addition to the "global" section which applies to
-# all components.
-
-# The version of the configuration file.
-version: 2
-
-# Global Matrix configuration. This configuration applies to all components.
-global:
-  # The domain name of this homeserver.
-  server_name: localhost
-
-  # The path to the signing private key file, used to sign requests and events.
-  # Note that this is NOT the same private key as used for TLS! To generate a
-  # signing key, use "./bin/generate-keys --private-key matrix_key.pem".
-  private_key: matrix_key.pem
-
-  # The paths and expiry timestamps (as a UNIX timestamp in millisecond precision)
-  # to old signing keys that were formerly in use on this domain name. These
-  # keys will not be used for federation request or event signing, but will be
-  # provided to any other homeserver that asks when trying to verify old events.
-  old_private_keys:
-  #  If the old private key file is available:
-  #  - private_key: old_matrix_key.pem
-  #    expired_at: 1601024554498
-  #  If only the public key (in base64 format) and key ID are known:
-  #  - public_key: mn59Kxfdq9VziYHSBzI7+EDPDcBS2Xl7jeUdiiQcOnM=
-  #    key_id: ed25519:mykeyid
-  #    expired_at: 1601024554498
-
-  # How long a remote server can cache our server signing key before requesting it
-  # again. Increasing this number will reduce the number of requests made by other
-  # servers for our key but increases the period that a compromised key will be
-  # considered valid by other homeservers.
-  key_validity_period: 168h0m0s
-
-  # Configuration for in-memory caches. Caches can often improve performance by
-  # keeping frequently accessed items (like events, identifiers etc.) in memory
-  # rather than having to read them from the database.
-  cache:
-    # The estimated maximum size for the global cache in bytes, or in terabytes,
-    # gigabytes, megabytes or kilobytes when the appropriate 'tb', 'gb', 'mb' or
-    # 'kb' suffix is specified. Note that this is not a hard limit, nor is it a
-    # memory limit for the entire process. A cache that is too small may ultimately
-    # provide little or no benefit.
-    max_size_estimated: 1gb
-
-    # The maximum amount of time that a cache entry can live for in memory before
-    # it will be evicted and/or refreshed from the database. Lower values result in
-    # easier admission of new cache entries but may also increase database load in
-    # comparison to higher values, so adjust conservatively. Higher values may make
-    # it harder for new items to make it into the cache, e.g. if new rooms suddenly
-    # become popular.
-    max_age: 1h
-
-  # The server name to delegate server-server communications to, with optional port
-  # e.g. localhost:443
-  well_known_server_name: ""
-
-  # The server name to delegate client-server communications to, with optional port
-  # e.g. localhost:443
-  well_known_client_name: ""
-
-  # Lists of domains that the server will trust as identity servers to verify third
-  # party identifiers such as phone numbers and email addresses.
-  trusted_third_party_id_servers:
-    - matrix.org
-    - vector.im
-
-  # Disables federation. Dendrite will not be able to communicate with other servers
-  # in the Matrix federation and the federation API will not be exposed.
-  disable_federation: false
-
-  # Configures the handling of presence events. Inbound controls whether we receive
-  # presence events from other servers, outbound controls whether we send presence
-  # events for our local users to other servers.
-  presence:
-    enable_inbound: false
-    enable_outbound: false
-
-  # Configures phone-home statistics reporting. These statistics contain the server
-  # name, number of active users and some information on your deployment config.
-  # We use this information to understand how Dendrite is being used in the wild.
-  report_stats:
-    enabled: false
-    endpoint: https://matrix.org/report-usage-stats/push
-
-  # Server notices allows server admins to send messages to all users on the server.
-  server_notices:
-    enabled: false
-    # The local part, display name and avatar URL (as a mxc:// URL) for the user that
-    # will send the server notices. These are visible to all users on the deployment.
-    local_part: "_server"
-    display_name: "Server Alerts"
-    avatar_url: ""
-    # The room name to be used when sending server notices. This room name will
-    # appear in user clients.
-    room_name: "Server Alerts"
-
-  # Configuration for NATS JetStream
-  jetstream:
-    # A list of NATS Server addresses to connect to. If none are specified, an
-    # internal NATS server will be started automatically when running Dendrite in
-    # monolith mode. For polylith deployments, it is required to specify the address
-    # of at least one NATS Server node.
-    addresses:
-      - hostname:4222
-
-    # Disable the validation of TLS certificates of NATS. This is
-    # not recommended in production since it may allow NATS traffic
-    # to be sent to an insecure endpoint.
-    disable_tls_validation: false
-
-    # The prefix to use for stream names for this homeserver - really only useful
-    # if you are running more than one Dendrite server on the same NATS deployment.
-    topic_prefix: Dendrite
-
-  # Configuration for Prometheus metric collection.
-  metrics:
-    enabled: false
-    basic_auth:
-      username: metrics
-      password: metrics
-
-  # Optional DNS cache. The DNS cache may reduce the load on DNS servers if there
-  # is no local caching resolver available for use.
-  dns_cache:
-    enabled: false
-    cache_size: 256
-    cache_lifetime: "5m" # 5 minutes; https://pkg.go.dev/time@master#ParseDuration
-
-# Configuration for the Appservice API.
-app_service_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7777 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://app_service_api:7777 # The connect address for other components to use
-
-  # Disable the validation of TLS certificates of appservices. This is
-  # not recommended in production since it may allow appservice traffic
-  # to be sent to an insecure endpoint.
-  disable_tls_validation: false
-
-  # Appservice configuration files to load into this homeserver.
-  config_files:
-  #  - /path/to/appservice_registration.yaml
-
-# Configuration for the Client API.
-client_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7771 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://client_api:7771 # The connect address for other components to use
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8071
-
-  # Prevents new users from being able to register on this homeserver, except when
-  # using the registration shared secret below.
-  registration_disabled: true
-
-  # Prevents new guest accounts from being created. Guest registration is also
-  # disabled implicitly by setting 'registration_disabled' above.
-  guests_disabled: true
-
-  # If set, allows registration by anyone who knows the shared secret, regardless
-  # of whether registration is otherwise disabled.
-  registration_shared_secret: ""
-
-  # Whether to require reCAPTCHA for registration. If you have enabled registration
-  # then this is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED to reduce the risk of your homeserver being used
-  # for coordinated spam attacks.
-  enable_registration_captcha: false
-
-  # Settings for ReCAPTCHA.
-  recaptcha_public_key: ""
-  recaptcha_private_key: ""
-  recaptcha_bypass_secret: ""
-
-  # To use hcaptcha.com instead of ReCAPTCHA, set the following parameters, otherwise just keep them empty.
-  # recaptcha_siteverify_api: "https://hcaptcha.com/siteverify"
-  # recaptcha_api_js_url: "https://js.hcaptcha.com/1/api.js"
-  # recaptcha_form_field: "h-captcha-response"
-  # recaptcha_sitekey_class: "h-captcha"
-
-
-  # TURN server information that this homeserver should send to clients.
-  turn:
-    turn_user_lifetime: "5m"
-    turn_uris:
-    #  - turn:turn.server.org?transport=udp
-    #  - turn:turn.server.org?transport=tcp
-    turn_shared_secret: ""
-    # If your TURN server requires static credentials, then you will need to enter
-    # them here instead of supplying a shared secret. Note that these credentials
-    # will be visible to clients!
-    # turn_username: ""
-    # turn_password: ""
-
-  # Settings for rate-limited endpoints. Rate limiting kicks in after the threshold
-  # number of "slots" have been taken by requests from a specific host. Each "slot"
-  # will be released after the cooloff time in milliseconds. Server administrators
-  # and appservice users are exempt from rate limiting by default.
-  rate_limiting:
-    enabled: true
-    threshold: 20
-    cooloff_ms: 500
-    exempt_user_ids:
-    #  - "@user:domain.com"
-
-# Configuration for the Federation API.
-federation_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7772 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://federation_api:7772 # The connect address for other components to use
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8072
-  database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_federationapi?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 10
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-  # How many times we will try to resend a failed transaction to a specific server. The
-  # backoff is 2**x seconds, so 1 = 2 seconds, 2 = 4 seconds, 3 = 8 seconds etc. Once
-  # the max retries are exceeded, Dendrite will no longer try to send transactions to
-  # that server until it comes back to life and connects to us again.
-  send_max_retries: 16
-
-  # Disable the validation of TLS certificates of remote federated homeservers. Do not
-  # enable this option in production as it presents a security risk!
-  disable_tls_validation: false
-
-  # Disable HTTP keepalives, which also prevents connection reuse. Dendrite will typically
-  # keep HTTP connections open to remote hosts for 5 minutes as they can be reused much
-  # more quickly than opening new connections each time. Disabling keepalives will close
-  # HTTP connections immediately after a successful request but may result in more CPU and
-  # memory being used on TLS handshakes for each new connection instead.
-  disable_http_keepalives: false
-
-  # Perspective keyservers to use as a backup when direct key fetches fail. This may
-  # be required to satisfy key requests for servers that are no longer online when
-  # joining some rooms.
-  key_perspectives:
-    - server_name: matrix.org
-      keys:
-        - key_id: ed25519:auto
-          public_key: Noi6WqcDj0QmPxCNQqgezwTlBKrfqehY1u2FyWP9uYw
-        - key_id: ed25519:a_RXGa
-          public_key: l8Hft5qXKn1vfHrg3p4+W8gELQVo8N13JkluMfmn2sQ
-
-  # This option will control whether Dendrite will prefer to look up keys directly
-  # or whether it should try perspective servers first, using direct fetches as a
-  # last resort.
-  prefer_direct_fetch: false
-
-# Configuration for the Key Server (for end-to-end encryption).
-key_server:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7779 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://key_server:7779 # The connect address for other components to use
-  database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_keyserver?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 10
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-# Configuration for the Media API.
-media_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7774 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://media_api:7774 # The connect address for other components to use
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8074
-  database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_mediaapi?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 5
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-  # Storage path for uploaded media. May be relative or absolute.
-  base_path: ./media_store
-
-  # The maximum allowed file size (in bytes) for media uploads to this homeserver
-  # (0 = unlimited). If using a reverse proxy, ensure it allows requests at least
-  #this large (e.g. the client_max_body_size setting in nginx).
-  max_file_size_bytes: 10485760
-
-  # Whether to dynamically generate thumbnails if needed.
-  dynamic_thumbnails: false
-
-  # The maximum number of simultaneous thumbnail generators to run.
-  max_thumbnail_generators: 10
-
-  # A list of thumbnail sizes to be generated for media content.
-  thumbnail_sizes:
-    - width: 32
-      height: 32
-      method: crop
-    - width: 96
-      height: 96
-      method: crop
-    - width: 640
-      height: 480
-      method: scale
-
-# Configuration for enabling experimental MSCs on this homeserver.
-mscs:
-  mscs:
-  #  - msc2836  # (Threading, see https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2836)
-  #  - msc2946  # (Spaces Summary, see https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/2946)
-  database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_mscs?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 5
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-# Configuration for the Room Server.
-room_server:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7770 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://room_server:7770 # The connect address for other components to use
-  database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_roomserver?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 10
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-# Configuration for the Sync API.
-sync_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7773 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://sync_api:7773 # The connect address for other components to use
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8073
-  database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_syncapi?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 10
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-  # Configuration for the full-text search engine.
-  search:
-    # Whether or not search is enabled.
-    enabled: false
-
-    # The path where the search index will be created in.
-    index_path: "./searchindex"
-
-    # The language most likely to be used on the server - used when indexing, to
-    # ensure the returned results match expectations. A full list of possible languages
-    # can be found at https://github.com/blevesearch/bleve/tree/master/analysis/lang
-    language: "en"
-
-  # This option controls which HTTP header to inspect to find the real remote IP
-  # address of the client. This is likely required if Dendrite is running behind
-  # a reverse proxy server.
-  # real_ip_header: X-Real-IP
-
-# Configuration for the User API.
-user_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:7781 # The listen address for incoming API requests
-    connect: http://user_api:7781 # The connect address for other components to use
-  account_database:
-    connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite_userapi?sslmode=disable
-    max_open_conns: 10
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
-
-  # The cost when hashing passwords on registration/login. Default: 10. Min: 4, Max: 31
-  # See https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt for more information.
-  # Setting this lower makes registration/login consume less CPU resources at the cost
-  # of security should the database be compromised. Setting this higher makes registration/login
-  # consume more CPU resources but makes it harder to brute force password hashes. This value
-  # can be lowered if performing tests or on embedded Dendrite instances (e.g WASM builds).
-  bcrypt_cost: 10
-
-  # The length of time that a token issued for a relying party from
-  # /_matrix/client/r0/user/{userId}/openid/request_token endpoint
-  # is considered to be valid in milliseconds.
-  # The default lifetime is 3600000ms (60 minutes).
-  # openid_token_lifetime_ms: 3600000
-
-  # Users who register on this homeserver will automatically be joined to the rooms listed under "auto_join_rooms" option.
-  # By default, any room aliases included in this list will be created as a publicly joinable room
-  # when the first user registers for the homeserver. If the room already exists,
-  # make certain it is a publicly joinable room, i.e. the join rule of the room must be set to 'public'.
-  # As Spaces are just rooms under the hood, Space aliases may also be used.
-  auto_join_rooms:
-  #  - "#main:matrix.org"
-
-# Configuration for Opentracing.
-# See https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/tree/master/docs/tracing for information on
-# how this works and how to set it up.
-tracing:
-  enabled: false
-  jaeger:
-    serviceName: ""
-    disabled: false
-    rpc_metrics: false
-    tags: []
-    sampler: null
-    reporter: null
-    headers: null
-    baggage_restrictions: null
-    throttler: null
-
-# Logging configuration. The "std" logging type controls the logs being sent to
-# stdout. The "file" logging type controls logs being written to a log folder on
-# the disk. Supported log levels are "debug", "info", "warn", "error".
-logging:
-  - type: std
-    level: info
-  - type: file
-    level: info
-    params:
-      path: ./logs
diff --git a/dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml b/dendrite-sample.yaml
similarity index 98%
rename from dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml
rename to dendrite-sample.yaml
index d86e9da94..39be8d8b8 100644
--- a/dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml
+++ b/dendrite-sample.yaml
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ global:
 
   # Global database connection pool, for PostgreSQL monolith deployments only. If
   # this section is populated then you can omit the "database" blocks in all other
-  # sections. For polylith deployments, or monolith deployments using SQLite databases,
+  # sections. For monolith deployments using SQLite databases,
   # you must configure the "database" block for each component instead.
   database:
     connection_string: postgresql://username:password@hostname/dendrite?sslmode=disable
@@ -113,8 +113,7 @@ global:
   jetstream:
     # A list of NATS Server addresses to connect to. If none are specified, an
     # internal NATS server will be started automatically when running Dendrite in
-    # monolith mode. For polylith deployments, it is required to specify the address
-    # of at least one NATS Server node.
+    # monolith mode.
     addresses:
     # - localhost:4222
 
diff --git a/docs/FAQ.md b/docs/FAQ.md
index 4047bfffc..2899aa982 100644
--- a/docs/FAQ.md
+++ b/docs/FAQ.md
@@ -35,11 +35,6 @@ possible to migrate an existing Synapse deployment to Dendrite.
 
 No, Dendrite has a very different database schema to Synapse and the two are not interchangeable.
 
-## Should I run a monolith or a polylith deployment?
-
-Monolith deployments are always preferred where possible, and at this time, are far better tested than polylith deployments are. The only reason to consider a polylith deployment is if you wish to run different Dendrite components on separate physical machines, but this is an advanced configuration which we don't
-recommend.
-
 ## Can I configure which port Dendrite listens on?
 
 Yes, use the cli flag `-http-bind-address`. 
diff --git a/docs/INSTALL.md b/docs/INSTALL.md
index add822108..ccfc58107 100644
--- a/docs/INSTALL.md
+++ b/docs/INSTALL.md
@@ -9,7 +9,5 @@ or alternatively, in the [installation](installation/) folder:
 3. [Preparing database storage](installation/3_database.md)
 4. [Generating signing keys](installation/4_signingkey.md)
 5. [Installing as a monolith](installation/5_install_monolith.md)
-6. [Installing as a polylith](installation/6_install_polylith.md)
-7. [Populate the configuration](installation/7_configuration.md)
-8. [Starting the monolith](installation/8_starting_monolith.md)
-9. [Starting the polylith](installation/9_starting_polylith.md)
+6. [Populate the configuration](installation/7_configuration.md)
+7. [Starting the monolith](installation/8_starting_monolith.md)
diff --git a/docs/development/coverage.md b/docs/development/coverage.md
index 7a3b7cb9e..f3e39ddd7 100644
--- a/docs/development/coverage.md
+++ b/docs/development/coverage.md
@@ -57,22 +57,16 @@ github.com/matrix-org/util/unique.go:55:										UniqueStrings					100.0%
 total:															(statements)					53.7%
 ```
 The total coverage for this run is the last line at the bottom. However, this value is misleading because Dendrite can run in many different configurations,
-which will never be tested in a single test run (e.g sqlite or postgres, monolith or polylith). To get a more accurate value, additional processing is required
+which will never be tested in a single test run (e.g sqlite or postgres). To get a more accurate value, additional processing is required
 to remove packages which will never be tested and extension MSCs:
 ```bash
 # These commands are all similar but change which package paths are _removed_ from the output.
 
-# For Postgres (monolith)
+# For Postgres
 go tool cover -func=/path/to/server-0/integrationcover.log | grep 'github.com/matrix-org/dendrite' | grep -Ev 'inthttp|sqlite|setup/mscs|api_trace' > coverage.txt
 
-# For Postgres (polylith)
-go tool cover -func=/path/to/server-0/integrationcover.log | grep 'github.com/matrix-org/dendrite' | grep -Ev 'sqlite|setup/mscs|api_trace' > coverage.txt
-
-# For SQLite (monolith)
+# For SQLite
 go tool cover -func=/path/to/server-0/integrationcover.log | grep 'github.com/matrix-org/dendrite' | grep -Ev 'inthttp|postgres|setup/mscs|api_trace' > coverage.txt
-
-# For SQLite (polylith)
-go tool cover -func=/path/to/server-0/integrationcover.log | grep 'github.com/matrix-org/dendrite' | grep -Ev 'postgres|setup/mscs|api_trace' > coverage.txt
 ```
 
 A total value can then be calculated using:
diff --git a/docs/development/tracing/setup.md b/docs/development/tracing/setup.md
index 06f89bf85..a9e90c643 100644
--- a/docs/development/tracing/setup.md
+++ b/docs/development/tracing/setup.md
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ tracing:
       param: 1
 ```
 
-then run the monolith server with `--api true` to use polylith components which do tracing spans:
+then run the monolith server:
 
 ```
-./dendrite-monolith-server --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml --api true
+./dendrite-monolith-server --tls-cert server.crt --tls-key server.key --config dendrite.yaml
 ```
 
 ## Checking traces
diff --git a/docs/installation/10_starting_polylith.md b/docs/installation/10_starting_polylith.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c2e2af2b..000000000
--- a/docs/installation/10_starting_polylith.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Starting the polylith
-parent: Installation
-has_toc: true
-nav_order: 10
-permalink: /installation/start/polylith
----
-
-# Starting the polylith
-
-Once you have completed all of the preparation and installation steps,
-you can start your Dendrite polylith deployment by starting the various components
-using the `dendrite-polylith-multi` personalities.
-
-## Start the reverse proxy
-
-Ensure that your reverse proxy is started and is proxying the correct
-endpoints to the correct components. Software such as [NGINX](https://www.nginx.com) or
-[HAProxy](http://www.haproxy.org) can be used for this purpose. A [sample configuration
-for NGINX](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/docs/nginx/polylith-sample.conf)
-is provided.
-
-## Starting the components
-
-Each component must be started individually:
-
-### Client API
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml clientapi
-```
-
-### Sync API
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml syncapi
-```
-
-### Media API
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml mediaapi
-```
-
-### Federation API
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml federationapi
-```
-
-### Roomserver
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml roomserver
-```
-
-### Appservice API
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml appservice
-```
-
-### User API
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml userapi
-```
-
-### Key server
-
-```bash
-./dendrite-polylith-multi -config /path/to/dendrite.yaml keyserver
-```
diff --git a/docs/installation/1_planning.md b/docs/installation/1_planning.md
index 3aa5b4d85..36d90abda 100644
--- a/docs/installation/1_planning.md
+++ b/docs/installation/1_planning.md
@@ -16,12 +16,6 @@ Users can run Dendrite in one of two modes which dictate how these components ar
   server with generally low overhead. This mode dramatically simplifies deployment complexity and offers the
   best balance between performance and resource usage for low-to-mid volume deployments.
 
-* **Polylith mode** runs all components in isolated processes. Components communicate through an external NATS
-  server and HTTP APIs, which incur considerable overhead. While this mode allows for more granular control of
-  resources dedicated toward individual processes, given the additional communications overhead, it is only
-  necessary for very large deployments.
-
-Given our current state of development, **we recommend monolith mode** for all deployments.
 
 ## Databases
 
@@ -85,21 +79,15 @@ If using the PostgreSQL database engine, you should install PostgreSQL 12 or lat
 
 ### NATS Server
 
-Monolith deployments come with a built-in [NATS Server](https://github.com/nats-io/nats-server) and
-therefore do not need this to be manually installed. If you are planning a monolith installation, you
+Dendrite comes with a built-in [NATS Server](https://github.com/nats-io/nats-server) and
+therefore does not need this to be manually installed. If you are planning a monolith installation, you
 do not need to do anything.
 
-Polylith deployments, however, currently need a standalone NATS Server installation with JetStream
-enabled.
-
-To do so, follow the [NATS Server installation instructions](https://docs.nats.io/running-a-nats-service/introduction/installation) and then [start your NATS deployment](https://docs.nats.io/running-a-nats-service/introduction/running). JetStream must be enabled, either by passing the `-js` flag to `nats-server`,
-or by specifying the `store_dir` option in the the `jetstream` configuration.
 
 ### Reverse proxy
 
 A reverse proxy such as [Caddy](https://caddyserver.com), [NGINX](https://www.nginx.com) or
-[HAProxy](http://www.haproxy.org) is required for polylith deployments and is useful for monolith
-deployments. Configuring those is not covered in this documentation, although sample configurations
+[HAProxy](http://www.haproxy.org) is useful for deployments. Configuring those is not covered in this documentation, although sample configurations
 for [Caddy](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/docs/caddy) and
 [NGINX](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/docs/nginx) are provided.
 
diff --git a/docs/installation/6_install_polylith.md b/docs/installation/6_install_polylith.md
deleted file mode 100644
index ec4a77628..000000000
--- a/docs/installation/6_install_polylith.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Installing as a polylith
-parent: Installation
-has_toc: true
-nav_order: 6
-permalink: /installation/install/polylith
----
-
-# Installing as a polylith
-
-You can install the Dendrite polylith binary into `$GOPATH/bin` by using `go install`:
-
-```sh
-go install ./cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi
-```
-
-Alternatively, you can specify a custom path for the binary to be written to using `go build`:
-
-```sh
-go build -o /usr/local/bin/ ./cmd/dendrite-polylith-multi
-```
-
-The `dendrite-polylith-multi` binary is a "multi-personality" binary which can run as
-any of the components depending on the supplied command line parameters.
-
-## Reverse proxy
-
-Polylith deployments require a reverse proxy in order to ensure that requests are
-sent to the correct endpoint. You must ensure that a suitable reverse proxy is installed
-and configured.
-
-Sample configurations are provided
-for [Caddy](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/docs/caddy/polylith/Caddyfile)
-and [NGINX](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/docs/nginx/polylith-sample.conf).
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/installation/7_configuration.md b/docs/installation/7_configuration.md
index 19958c92f..5f123bfca 100644
--- a/docs/installation/7_configuration.md
+++ b/docs/installation/7_configuration.md
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@ permalink: /installation/configuration
 
 # Configuring Dendrite
 
-A YAML configuration file is used to configure Dendrite. Sample configuration files are
+A YAML configuration file is used to configure Dendrite. A sample configuration file is
 present in the top level of the Dendrite repository:
 
 * [`dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml`](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/dendrite-sample.monolith.yaml)
-* [`dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml`](https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/blob/main/dendrite-sample.polylith.yaml)
 
 You will need to duplicate the sample, calling it `dendrite.yaml` for example, and then
 tailor it to your installation. At a minimum, you will need to populate the following
@@ -46,10 +45,9 @@ global:
 ## JetStream configuration
 
 Monolith deployments can use the built-in NATS Server rather than running a standalone
-server. If you are building a polylith deployment, or you want to use a standalone NATS
-Server anyway, you can also configure that too.
+server. If you want to use a standalone NATS Server anyway, you can also configure that too.
 
-### Built-in NATS Server (monolith only)
+### Built-in NATS Server
 
 In the `global` section, under the `jetstream` key, ensure that no server addresses are
 configured and set a `storage_path` to a persistent folder on the filesystem:
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ global:
     topic_prefix: Dendrite
 ```
 
-### Standalone NATS Server (monolith and polylith)
+### Standalone NATS Server
 
 To use a standalone NATS Server instance, you will need to configure `addresses` field
 to point to the port that your NATS Server is listening on:
@@ -86,7 +84,7 @@ one address in the `addresses` field.
 Configuring database connections varies based on the [database configuration](database)
 that you chose.
 
-### Global connection pool (monolith with a single PostgreSQL database only)
+### Global connection pool
 
 If you are running a monolith deployment and want to use a single connection pool to a
 single PostgreSQL database, then you must uncomment and configure the `database` section
@@ -109,7 +107,7 @@ override the `global` database configuration.
 
 ### Per-component connections (all other configurations)
 
-If you are building a polylith deployment, are using SQLite databases or separate PostgreSQL
+If you are are using SQLite databases or separate PostgreSQL
 databases per component, then you must instead configure the `database` sections under each
 of the component blocks ,e.g. under the `app_service_api`, `federation_api`, `key_server`,
 `media_api`, `mscs`, `room_server`, `sync_api` and `user_api` blocks.
diff --git a/federationapi/federationapi.go b/federationapi/federationapi.go
index ed9a545d6..108039167 100644
--- a/federationapi/federationapi.go
+++ b/federationapi/federationapi.go
@@ -17,14 +17,12 @@ package federationapi
 import (
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
 	federationAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/consumers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/internal"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/producers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/queue"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/statistics"
@@ -41,12 +39,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/routing"
 )
 
-// AddInternalRoutes registers HTTP handlers for the internal API. Invokes functions
-// on the given input API.
-func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, intAPI api.FederationInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	inthttp.AddRoutes(intAPI, router, enableMetrics)
-}
-
 // AddPublicRoutes sets up and registers HTTP handlers on the base API muxes for the FederationAPI component.
 func AddPublicRoutes(
 	base *base.BaseDendrite,
diff --git a/federationapi/federationapi_keys_test.go b/federationapi/federationapi_keys_test.go
index cc03cdece..bb6ee8935 100644
--- a/federationapi/federationapi_keys_test.go
+++ b/federationapi/federationapi_keys_test.go
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 			// API to work.
 			cfg := &config.Dendrite{}
 			cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-				Generate:   true,
-				Monolithic: true,
+				Generate:       true,
+				SingleDatabase: false,
 			})
 			cfg.Global.ServerName = gomatrixserverlib.ServerName(s.name)
 			cfg.Global.PrivateKey = testPriv
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 			)
 
 			// Finally, build the server key APIs.
-			sbase := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith", base.DisableMetrics)
+			sbase := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 			s.api = NewInternalAPI(sbase, s.fedclient, nil, s.cache, nil, true)
 		}
 
diff --git a/federationapi/federationapi_test.go b/federationapi/federationapi_test.go
index 7009230cc..8d1d8514f 100644
--- a/federationapi/federationapi_test.go
+++ b/federationapi/federationapi_test.go
@@ -266,14 +266,14 @@ func TestRoomsV3URLEscapeDoNot404(t *testing.T) {
 	_, privKey, _ := ed25519.GenerateKey(nil)
 	cfg := &config.Dendrite{}
 	cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   true,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       true,
+		SingleDatabase: false,
 	})
 	cfg.Global.KeyID = gomatrixserverlib.KeyID("ed25519:auto")
 	cfg.Global.ServerName = gomatrixserverlib.ServerName("localhost")
 	cfg.Global.PrivateKey = privKey
 	cfg.Global.JetStream.InMemory = true
-	b := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith", base.DisableMetrics)
+	b := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 	keyRing := &test.NopJSONVerifier{}
 	// TODO: This is pretty fragile, as if anything calls anything on these nils this test will break.
 	// Unfortunately, it makes little sense to instantiate these dependencies when we just want to test routing.
diff --git a/federationapi/internal/perform.go b/federationapi/internal/perform.go
index b9684f767..dadb2b2b3 100644
--- a/federationapi/internal/perform.go
+++ b/federationapi/internal/perform.go
@@ -121,8 +121,6 @@ func (r *FederationInternalAPI) PerformJoin(
 	var httpErr gomatrix.HTTPError
 	if ok := errors.As(lastErr, &httpErr); ok {
 		httpErr.Message = string(httpErr.Contents)
-		// Clear the wrapped error, else serialising to JSON (in polylith mode) will fail
-		httpErr.WrappedError = nil
 		response.LastError = &httpErr
 	} else {
 		response.LastError = &gomatrix.HTTPError{
@@ -391,8 +389,6 @@ func (r *FederationInternalAPI) PerformOutboundPeek(
 	var httpErr gomatrix.HTTPError
 	if ok := errors.As(lastErr, &httpErr); ok {
 		httpErr.Message = string(httpErr.Contents)
-		// Clear the wrapped error, else serialising to JSON (in polylith mode) will fail
-		httpErr.WrappedError = nil
 		response.LastError = &httpErr
 	} else {
 		response.LastError = &gomatrix.HTTPError{
diff --git a/federationapi/inthttp/client.go b/federationapi/inthttp/client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 00e069d1e..000000000
--- a/federationapi/inthttp/client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,548 +0,0 @@
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/caching"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
-)
-
-// HTTP paths for the internal HTTP API
-const (
-	FederationAPIQueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomPath = "/federationapi/queryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom"
-	FederationAPIQueryServerKeysPath                  = "/federationapi/queryServerKeys"
-
-	FederationAPIPerformDirectoryLookupRequestPath = "/federationapi/performDirectoryLookup"
-	FederationAPIPerformJoinRequestPath            = "/federationapi/performJoinRequest"
-	FederationAPIPerformLeaveRequestPath           = "/federationapi/performLeaveRequest"
-	FederationAPIPerformInviteRequestPath          = "/federationapi/performInviteRequest"
-	FederationAPIPerformOutboundPeekRequestPath    = "/federationapi/performOutboundPeekRequest"
-	FederationAPIPerformBroadcastEDUPath           = "/federationapi/performBroadcastEDU"
-	FederationAPIPerformWakeupServers              = "/federationapi/performWakeupServers"
-	FederationAPIQueryRelayServers                 = "/federationapi/queryRelayServers"
-	FederationAPIAddRelayServers                   = "/federationapi/addRelayServers"
-	FederationAPIRemoveRelayServers                = "/federationapi/removeRelayServers"
-
-	FederationAPIGetUserDevicesPath      = "/federationapi/client/getUserDevices"
-	FederationAPIClaimKeysPath           = "/federationapi/client/claimKeys"
-	FederationAPIQueryKeysPath           = "/federationapi/client/queryKeys"
-	FederationAPIBackfillPath            = "/federationapi/client/backfill"
-	FederationAPILookupStatePath         = "/federationapi/client/lookupState"
-	FederationAPILookupStateIDsPath      = "/federationapi/client/lookupStateIDs"
-	FederationAPILookupMissingEventsPath = "/federationapi/client/lookupMissingEvents"
-	FederationAPIGetEventPath            = "/federationapi/client/getEvent"
-	FederationAPILookupServerKeysPath    = "/federationapi/client/lookupServerKeys"
-	FederationAPIEventRelationshipsPath  = "/federationapi/client/msc2836eventRelationships"
-	FederationAPISpacesSummaryPath       = "/federationapi/client/msc2946spacesSummary"
-	FederationAPIGetEventAuthPath        = "/federationapi/client/getEventAuth"
-
-	FederationAPIInputPublicKeyPath = "/federationapi/inputPublicKey"
-	FederationAPIQueryPublicKeyPath = "/federationapi/queryPublicKey"
-)
-
-// NewFederationAPIClient creates a FederationInternalAPI implemented by talking to a HTTP POST API.
-// If httpClient is nil an error is returned
-func NewFederationAPIClient(federationSenderURL string, httpClient *http.Client, cache caching.ServerKeyCache) (api.FederationInternalAPI, error) {
-	if httpClient == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("NewFederationInternalAPIHTTP: httpClient is <nil>")
-	}
-	return &httpFederationInternalAPI{
-		federationAPIURL: federationSenderURL,
-		httpClient:       httpClient,
-		cache:            cache,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type httpFederationInternalAPI struct {
-	federationAPIURL string
-	httpClient       *http.Client
-	cache            caching.ServerKeyCache
-}
-
-// Handle an instruction to make_leave & send_leave with a remote server.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformLeave(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformLeaveRequest,
-	response *api.PerformLeaveResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformLeave", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformLeaveRequestPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// Handle sending an invite to a remote server.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformInvite(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformInviteRequest,
-	response *api.PerformInviteResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformInvite", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformInviteRequestPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// Handle starting a peek on a remote server.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformOutboundPeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformOutboundPeekRequest,
-	response *api.PerformOutboundPeekResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformOutboundPeek", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformOutboundPeekRequestPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom implements FederationInternalAPI
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomRequest,
-	response *api.QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIQueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// Handle an instruction to make_join & send_join with a remote server.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformJoin(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformJoinRequest,
-	response *api.PerformJoinResponse,
-) {
-	if err := httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformJoinRequest", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformJoinRequestPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	); err != nil {
-		response.LastError = &gomatrix.HTTPError{
-			Message:      err.Error(),
-			Code:         0,
-			WrappedError: err,
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// Handle an instruction to make_join & send_join with a remote server.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformDirectoryLookup(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformDirectoryLookupRequest,
-	response *api.PerformDirectoryLookupResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformDirectoryLookup", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformDirectoryLookupRequestPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// Handle an instruction to broadcast an EDU to all servers in rooms we are joined to.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformBroadcastEDU(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformBroadcastEDURequest,
-	response *api.PerformBroadcastEDUResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformBroadcastEDU", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformBroadcastEDUPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// Handle an instruction to remove the respective servers from being blacklisted.
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformWakeupServers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformWakeupServersRequest,
-	response *api.PerformWakeupServersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformWakeupServers", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIPerformWakeupServers,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-type getUserDevices struct {
-	S      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	UserID string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) GetUserDevices(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, userID string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.RespUserDevices, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[getUserDevices, gomatrixserverlib.RespUserDevices, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"GetUserDevices", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIGetUserDevicesPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &getUserDevices{
-			S:      s,
-			Origin: origin,
-			UserID: userID,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type claimKeys struct {
-	S           gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	OneTimeKeys map[string]map[string]string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) ClaimKeys(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, oneTimeKeys map[string]map[string]string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.RespClaimKeys, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[claimKeys, gomatrixserverlib.RespClaimKeys, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"ClaimKeys", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIClaimKeysPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &claimKeys{
-			S:           s,
-			Origin:      origin,
-			OneTimeKeys: oneTimeKeys,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type queryKeys struct {
-	S      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Keys   map[string][]string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) QueryKeys(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, keys map[string][]string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.RespQueryKeys, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[queryKeys, gomatrixserverlib.RespQueryKeys, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"QueryKeys", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIQueryKeysPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &queryKeys{
-			S:      s,
-			Origin: origin,
-			Keys:   keys,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type backfill struct {
-	S        gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin   gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	RoomID   string
-	Limit    int
-	EventIDs []string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) Backfill(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID string, limit int, eventIDs []string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.Transaction, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[backfill, gomatrixserverlib.Transaction, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"Backfill", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIBackfillPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &backfill{
-			S:        s,
-			Origin:   origin,
-			RoomID:   roomID,
-			Limit:    limit,
-			EventIDs: eventIDs,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type lookupState struct {
-	S           gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	RoomID      string
-	EventID     string
-	RoomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) LookupState(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID, eventID string, roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.RespState, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[lookupState, gomatrixserverlib.RespState, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"LookupState", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPILookupStatePath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &lookupState{
-			S:           s,
-			Origin:      origin,
-			RoomID:      roomID,
-			EventID:     eventID,
-			RoomVersion: roomVersion,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type lookupStateIDs struct {
-	S       gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin  gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	RoomID  string
-	EventID string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) LookupStateIDs(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID, eventID string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.RespStateIDs, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[lookupStateIDs, gomatrixserverlib.RespStateIDs, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"LookupStateIDs", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPILookupStateIDsPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &lookupStateIDs{
-			S:       s,
-			Origin:  origin,
-			RoomID:  roomID,
-			EventID: eventID,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type lookupMissingEvents struct {
-	S           gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	RoomID      string
-	Missing     gomatrixserverlib.MissingEvents
-	RoomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) LookupMissingEvents(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID string,
-	missing gomatrixserverlib.MissingEvents, roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion,
-) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespMissingEvents, err error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[lookupMissingEvents, gomatrixserverlib.RespMissingEvents, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"LookupMissingEvents", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPILookupMissingEventsPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &lookupMissingEvents{
-			S:           s,
-			Origin:      origin,
-			RoomID:      roomID,
-			Missing:     missing,
-			RoomVersion: roomVersion,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type getEvent struct {
-	S       gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin  gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	EventID string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) GetEvent(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, eventID string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.Transaction, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[getEvent, gomatrixserverlib.Transaction, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"GetEvent", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIGetEventPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &getEvent{
-			S:       s,
-			Origin:  origin,
-			EventID: eventID,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type getEventAuth struct {
-	S           gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	RoomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion
-	RoomID      string
-	EventID     string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) GetEventAuth(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
-	roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion, roomID, eventID string,
-) (gomatrixserverlib.RespEventAuth, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[getEventAuth, gomatrixserverlib.RespEventAuth, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"GetEventAuth", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIGetEventAuthPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &getEventAuth{
-			S:           s,
-			Origin:      origin,
-			RoomVersion: roomVersion,
-			RoomID:      roomID,
-			EventID:     eventID,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) QueryServerKeys(
-	ctx context.Context, req *api.QueryServerKeysRequest, res *api.QueryServerKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryServerKeys", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIQueryServerKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, req, res,
-	)
-}
-
-type lookupServerKeys struct {
-	S           gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	KeyRequests map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.Timestamp
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) LookupServerKeys(
-	ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, keyRequests map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.Timestamp,
-) ([]gomatrixserverlib.ServerKeys, error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[lookupServerKeys, []gomatrixserverlib.ServerKeys, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"LookupServerKeys", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPILookupServerKeysPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &lookupServerKeys{
-			S:           s,
-			KeyRequests: keyRequests,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type eventRelationships struct {
-	S       gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin  gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Req     gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsRequest
-	RoomVer gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) MSC2836EventRelationships(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, r gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsRequest,
-	roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion,
-) (res gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsResponse, err error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[eventRelationships, gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsResponse, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"MSC2836EventRelationships", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIEventRelationshipsPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &eventRelationships{
-			S:       s,
-			Origin:  origin,
-			Req:     r,
-			RoomVer: roomVersion,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-type spacesReq struct {
-	S             gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	Origin        gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-	SuggestedOnly bool
-	RoomID        string
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) MSC2946Spaces(
-	ctx context.Context, origin, dst gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID string, suggestedOnly bool,
-) (res gomatrixserverlib.MSC2946SpacesResponse, err error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalProxyAPI[spacesReq, gomatrixserverlib.MSC2946SpacesResponse, *api.FederationClientError](
-		"MSC2836EventRelationships", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPISpacesSummaryPath, h.httpClient,
-		ctx, &spacesReq{
-			S:             dst,
-			Origin:        origin,
-			SuggestedOnly: suggestedOnly,
-			RoomID:        roomID,
-		},
-	)
-}
-
-func (s *httpFederationInternalAPI) KeyRing() *gomatrixserverlib.KeyRing {
-	// This is a bit of a cheat - we tell gomatrixserverlib that this API is
-	// both the key database and the key fetcher. While this does have the
-	// rather unfortunate effect of preventing gomatrixserverlib from handling
-	// key fetchers directly, we can at least reimplement this behaviour on
-	// the other end of the API.
-	return &gomatrixserverlib.KeyRing{
-		KeyDatabase: s,
-		KeyFetchers: []gomatrixserverlib.KeyFetcher{},
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *httpFederationInternalAPI) FetcherName() string {
-	return "httpServerKeyInternalAPI"
-}
-
-func (s *httpFederationInternalAPI) StoreKeys(
-	_ context.Context,
-	results map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupResult,
-) error {
-	// Run in a background context - we don't want to stop this work just
-	// because the caller gives up waiting.
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	request := api.InputPublicKeysRequest{
-		Keys: make(map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupResult),
-	}
-	response := api.InputPublicKeysResponse{}
-	for req, res := range results {
-		request.Keys[req] = res
-		s.cache.StoreServerKey(req, res)
-	}
-	return s.InputPublicKeys(ctx, &request, &response)
-}
-
-func (s *httpFederationInternalAPI) FetchKeys(
-	_ context.Context,
-	requests map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.Timestamp,
-) (map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupResult, error) {
-	// Run in a background context - we don't want to stop this work just
-	// because the caller gives up waiting.
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	result := make(map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupResult)
-	request := api.QueryPublicKeysRequest{
-		Requests: make(map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.Timestamp),
-	}
-	response := api.QueryPublicKeysResponse{
-		Results: make(map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupResult),
-	}
-	for req, ts := range requests {
-		if res, ok := s.cache.GetServerKey(req, ts); ok {
-			result[req] = res
-			continue
-		}
-		request.Requests[req] = ts
-	}
-	err := s.QueryPublicKeys(ctx, &request, &response)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	for req, res := range response.Results {
-		result[req] = res
-		s.cache.StoreServerKey(req, res)
-	}
-	return result, nil
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) InputPublicKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.InputPublicKeysRequest,
-	response *api.InputPublicKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"InputPublicKey", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIInputPublicKeyPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) QueryPublicKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryPublicKeysRequest,
-	response *api.QueryPublicKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryPublicKeys", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIQueryPublicKeyPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) P2PQueryRelayServers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.P2PQueryRelayServersRequest,
-	response *api.P2PQueryRelayServersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryRelayServers", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIQueryRelayServers,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) P2PAddRelayServers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.P2PAddRelayServersRequest,
-	response *api.P2PAddRelayServersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"AddRelayServers", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIAddRelayServers,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) P2PRemoveRelayServers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.P2PRemoveRelayServersRequest,
-	response *api.P2PRemoveRelayServersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"RemoveRelayServers", h.federationAPIURL+FederationAPIRemoveRelayServers,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/federationapi/inthttp/server.go b/federationapi/inthttp/server.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 9068dc400..000000000
--- a/federationapi/inthttp/server.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"net/http"
-	"net/url"
-
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-)
-
-// AddRoutes adds the FederationInternalAPI handlers to the http.ServeMux.
-// nolint:gocyclo
-func AddRoutes(intAPI api.FederationInternalAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router, enableMetrics bool) {
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIQueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIQueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom", enableMetrics, intAPI.QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformInviteRequestPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIPerformInvite", enableMetrics, intAPI.PerformInvite),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformLeaveRequestPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIPerformLeave", enableMetrics, intAPI.PerformLeave),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformDirectoryLookupRequestPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIPerformDirectoryLookupRequest", enableMetrics, intAPI.PerformDirectoryLookup),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformBroadcastEDUPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIPerformBroadcastEDU", enableMetrics, intAPI.PerformBroadcastEDU),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformWakeupServers,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIPerformWakeupServers", enableMetrics, intAPI.PerformWakeupServers),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformJoinRequestPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI(
-			"FederationAPIPerformJoinRequest", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *api.PerformJoinRequest, res *api.PerformJoinResponse) error {
-				intAPI.PerformJoin(ctx, req, res)
-				return nil
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIGetUserDevicesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIGetUserDevices", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *getUserDevices) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespUserDevices, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.GetUserDevices(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.UserID)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIClaimKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIClaimKeys", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *claimKeys) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespClaimKeys, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.ClaimKeys(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.OneTimeKeys)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIQueryKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIQueryKeys", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *queryKeys) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespQueryKeys, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.QueryKeys(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.Keys)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIBackfillPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIBackfill", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *backfill) (*gomatrixserverlib.Transaction, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.Backfill(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.RoomID, req.Limit, req.EventIDs)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPILookupStatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPILookupState", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *lookupState) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespState, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.LookupState(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.RoomID, req.EventID, req.RoomVersion)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPILookupStateIDsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPILookupStateIDs", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *lookupStateIDs) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespStateIDs, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.LookupStateIDs(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.RoomID, req.EventID)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPILookupMissingEventsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPILookupMissingEvents", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *lookupMissingEvents) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespMissingEvents, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.LookupMissingEvents(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.RoomID, req.Missing, req.RoomVersion)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIGetEventPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIGetEvent", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *getEvent) (*gomatrixserverlib.Transaction, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.GetEvent(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.EventID)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIGetEventAuthPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIGetEventAuth", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *getEventAuth) (*gomatrixserverlib.RespEventAuth, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.GetEventAuth(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.RoomVersion, req.RoomID, req.EventID)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIQueryServerKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("FederationAPIQueryServerKeys", enableMetrics, intAPI.QueryServerKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPILookupServerKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPILookupServerKeys", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *lookupServerKeys) (*[]gomatrixserverlib.ServerKeys, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.LookupServerKeys(ctx, req.S, req.KeyRequests)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIEventRelationshipsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIMSC2836EventRelationships", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *eventRelationships) (*gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsResponse, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.MSC2836EventRelationships(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.Req, req.RoomVer)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPISpacesSummaryPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalProxyAPI(
-			"FederationAPIMSC2946SpacesSummary", enableMetrics,
-			func(ctx context.Context, req *spacesReq) (*gomatrixserverlib.MSC2946SpacesResponse, error) {
-				res, err := intAPI.MSC2946Spaces(ctx, req.Origin, req.S, req.RoomID, req.SuggestedOnly)
-				return &res, federationClientError(err)
-			},
-		),
-	)
-
-	// TODO: Look at this shape
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(FederationAPIQueryPublicKeyPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("FederationAPIQueryPublicKeys", enableMetrics, func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-			request := api.QueryPublicKeysRequest{}
-			response := api.QueryPublicKeysResponse{}
-			if err := json.NewDecoder(req.Body).Decode(&request); err != nil {
-				return util.MessageResponse(http.StatusBadRequest, err.Error())
-			}
-			keys, err := intAPI.FetchKeys(req.Context(), request.Requests)
-			if err != nil {
-				return util.ErrorResponse(err)
-			}
-			response.Results = keys
-			return util.JSONResponse{Code: http.StatusOK, JSON: &response}
-		}),
-	)
-
-	// TODO: Look at this shape
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(FederationAPIInputPublicKeyPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("FederationAPIInputPublicKeys", enableMetrics, func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-			request := api.InputPublicKeysRequest{}
-			response := api.InputPublicKeysResponse{}
-			if err := json.NewDecoder(req.Body).Decode(&request); err != nil {
-				return util.MessageResponse(http.StatusBadRequest, err.Error())
-			}
-			if err := intAPI.StoreKeys(req.Context(), request.Keys); err != nil {
-				return util.ErrorResponse(err)
-			}
-			return util.JSONResponse{Code: http.StatusOK, JSON: &response}
-		}),
-	)
-}
-
-func federationClientError(err error) error {
-	switch ferr := err.(type) {
-	case nil:
-		return nil
-	case api.FederationClientError:
-		return &ferr
-	case *api.FederationClientError:
-		return ferr
-	case gomatrix.HTTPError:
-		return &api.FederationClientError{
-			Code: ferr.Code,
-		}
-	case *url.Error: // e.g. certificate error, unable to connect
-		return &api.FederationClientError{
-			Err:  ferr.Error(),
-			Code: 400,
-		}
-	default:
-		// We don't know what exactly failed, but we probably don't
-		// want to retry the request immediately in the device list updater
-		return &api.FederationClientError{
-			Err:  err.Error(),
-			Code: 400,
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 83333b733..1046a81a3 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.5.0
 	golang.org/x/image v0.1.0
 	golang.org/x/mobile v0.0.0-20221020085226-b36e6246172e
-	golang.org/x/net v0.5.0
 	golang.org/x/term v0.4.0
 	gopkg.in/h2non/bimg.v1 v1.1.9
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0
@@ -124,6 +123,7 @@ require (
 	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.3.6 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221205204356-47842c84f3db // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.5.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.4.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.6.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 // indirect
diff --git a/internal/httputil/http.go b/internal/httputil/http.go
deleted file mode 100644
index ad26de512..000000000
--- a/internal/httputil/http.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httputil
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"net/url"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go"
-	"github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go/ext"
-)
-
-// PostJSON performs a POST request with JSON on an internal HTTP API.
-// The error will match the errtype if returned from the remote API, or
-// will be a different type if there was a problem reaching the API.
-func PostJSON[reqtype, restype any, errtype error](
-	ctx context.Context, span opentracing.Span, httpClient *http.Client,
-	apiURL string, request *reqtype, response *restype,
-) error {
-	jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(request)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	parsedAPIURL, err := url.Parse(apiURL)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	parsedAPIURL.Path = InternalPathPrefix + strings.TrimLeft(parsedAPIURL.Path, "/")
-	apiURL = parsedAPIURL.String()
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, apiURL, bytes.NewReader(jsonBytes))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Mark the span as being an RPC client.
-	ext.SpanKindRPCClient.Set(span)
-	carrier := opentracing.HTTPHeadersCarrier(req.Header)
-	tracer := opentracing.GlobalTracer()
-
-	if err = tracer.Inject(span.Context(), opentracing.HTTPHeaders, carrier); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-
-	res, err := httpClient.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
-	if res != nil {
-		defer (func() { err = res.Body.Close() })()
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	var body []byte
-	body, err = io.ReadAll(res.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if res.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-		if len(body) == 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("HTTP %d from %s (no response body)", res.StatusCode, apiURL)
-		}
-		var reserr errtype
-		if err = json.Unmarshal(body, &reserr); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("HTTP %d from %s - %w", res.StatusCode, apiURL, err)
-		}
-		return reserr
-	}
-	if err = json.Unmarshal(body, response); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("json.Unmarshal: %w", err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/httputil/internalapi.go b/internal/httputil/internalapi.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 22f436e38..000000000
--- a/internal/httputil/internalapi.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httputil
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"reflect"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
-	"github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go"
-)
-
-type InternalAPIError struct {
-	Type    string
-	Message string
-}
-
-func (e InternalAPIError) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("internal API returned %q error: %s", e.Type, e.Message)
-}
-
-func MakeInternalRPCAPI[reqtype, restype any](metricsName string, enableMetrics bool, f func(context.Context, *reqtype, *restype) error) http.Handler {
-	return MakeInternalAPI(metricsName, enableMetrics, func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-		var request reqtype
-		var response restype
-		if err := json.NewDecoder(req.Body).Decode(&request); err != nil {
-			return util.MessageResponse(http.StatusBadRequest, err.Error())
-		}
-		if err := f(req.Context(), &request, &response); err != nil {
-			return util.JSONResponse{
-				Code: http.StatusInternalServerError,
-				JSON: &InternalAPIError{
-					Type:    reflect.TypeOf(err).String(),
-					Message: fmt.Sprintf("%s", err),
-				},
-			}
-		}
-		return util.JSONResponse{
-			Code: http.StatusOK,
-			JSON: &response,
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func MakeInternalProxyAPI[reqtype, restype any](metricsName string, enableMetrics bool, f func(context.Context, *reqtype) (*restype, error)) http.Handler {
-	return MakeInternalAPI(metricsName, enableMetrics, func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-		var request reqtype
-		if err := json.NewDecoder(req.Body).Decode(&request); err != nil {
-			return util.MessageResponse(http.StatusBadRequest, err.Error())
-		}
-		response, err := f(req.Context(), &request)
-		if err != nil {
-			return util.JSONResponse{
-				Code: http.StatusInternalServerError,
-				JSON: err,
-			}
-		}
-		return util.JSONResponse{
-			Code: http.StatusOK,
-			JSON: response,
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func CallInternalRPCAPI[reqtype, restype any](name, url string, client *http.Client, ctx context.Context, request *reqtype, response *restype) error {
-	span, ctx := opentracing.StartSpanFromContext(ctx, name)
-	defer span.Finish()
-
-	return PostJSON[reqtype, restype, InternalAPIError](ctx, span, client, url, request, response)
-}
-
-func CallInternalProxyAPI[reqtype, restype any, errtype error](name, url string, client *http.Client, ctx context.Context, request *reqtype) (restype, error) {
-	span, ctx := opentracing.StartSpanFromContext(ctx, name)
-	defer span.Finish()
-
-	var response restype
-	return response, PostJSON[reqtype, restype, errtype](ctx, span, client, url, request, &response)
-}
diff --git a/internal/httputil/paths.go b/internal/httputil/paths.go
index 62eff0415..d06875428 100644
--- a/internal/httputil/paths.go
+++ b/internal/httputil/paths.go
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ const (
 	PublicMediaPathPrefix      = "/_matrix/media/"
 	PublicStaticPath           = "/_matrix/static/"
 	PublicWellKnownPrefix      = "/.well-known/matrix/"
-	InternalPathPrefix         = "/api/"
 	DendriteAdminPathPrefix    = "/_dendrite/"
 	SynapseAdminPathPrefix     = "/_synapse/"
 )
diff --git a/internal/log.go b/internal/log.go
index 9e8656c5b..8fe98f20c 100644
--- a/internal/log.go
+++ b/internal/log.go
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ func checkFileHookParams(params map[string]interface{}) {
 }
 
 // Add a new FSHook to the logger. Each component will log in its own file
-func setupFileHook(hook config.LogrusHook, level logrus.Level, componentName string) {
+func setupFileHook(hook config.LogrusHook, level logrus.Level) {
 	dirPath := (hook.Params["path"]).(string)
-	fullPath := filepath.Join(dirPath, componentName+".log")
+	fullPath := filepath.Join(dirPath, "dendrite.log")
 
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(path.Dir(fullPath), os.ModePerm); err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatalf("Couldn't create directory %s: %q", path.Dir(fullPath), err)
diff --git a/internal/log_unix.go b/internal/log_unix.go
index 859427041..3f15063d1 100644
--- a/internal/log_unix.go
+++ b/internal/log_unix.go
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import (
 // SetupHookLogging configures the logging hooks defined in the configuration.
 // If something fails here it means that the logging was improperly configured,
 // so we just exit with the error
-func SetupHookLogging(hooks []config.LogrusHook, componentName string) {
+func SetupHookLogging(hooks []config.LogrusHook) {
 	levelLogAddedMu.Lock()
 	defer levelLogAddedMu.Unlock()
 	for _, hook := range hooks {
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ func SetupHookLogging(hooks []config.LogrusHook, componentName string) {
 		switch hook.Type {
 		case "file":
 			checkFileHookParams(hook.Params)
-			setupFileHook(hook, level, componentName)
+			setupFileHook(hook, level)
 		case "syslog":
 			checkSyslogHookParams(hook.Params)
-			setupSyslogHook(hook, level, componentName)
+			setupSyslogHook(hook, level)
 		case "std":
 			setupStdLogHook(level)
 		default:
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ func setupStdLogHook(level logrus.Level) {
 	stdLevelLogAdded[level] = true
 }
 
-func setupSyslogHook(hook config.LogrusHook, level logrus.Level, componentName string) {
-	syslogHook, err := lSyslog.NewSyslogHook(hook.Params["protocol"].(string), hook.Params["address"].(string), syslog.LOG_INFO, componentName)
+func setupSyslogHook(hook config.LogrusHook, level logrus.Level) {
+	syslogHook, err := lSyslog.NewSyslogHook(hook.Params["protocol"].(string), hook.Params["address"].(string), syslog.LOG_INFO, "dendrite")
 	if err == nil {
 		logrus.AddHook(&logLevelHook{level, syslogHook})
 	}
diff --git a/internal/log_windows.go b/internal/log_windows.go
index 39562328c..e1f0098a1 100644
--- a/internal/log_windows.go
+++ b/internal/log_windows.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 // SetupHookLogging configures the logging hooks defined in the configuration.
 // If something fails here it means that the logging was improperly configured,
 // so we just exit with the error
-func SetupHookLogging(hooks []config.LogrusHook, componentName string) {
+func SetupHookLogging(hooks []config.LogrusHook) {
 	logrus.SetReportCaller(true)
 	for _, hook := range hooks {
 		// Check we received a proper logging level
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func SetupHookLogging(hooks []config.LogrusHook, componentName string) {
 		switch hook.Type {
 		case "file":
 			checkFileHookParams(hook.Params)
-			setupFileHook(hook, level, componentName)
+			setupFileHook(hook, level)
 		default:
 			logrus.Fatalf("Unrecognised logging hook type: %s", hook.Type)
 		}
diff --git a/internal/transactionrequest_test.go b/internal/transactionrequest_test.go
index dd1bd3502..93c6fb6f1 100644
--- a/internal/transactionrequest_test.go
+++ b/internal/transactionrequest_test.go
@@ -198,8 +198,8 @@ func TestProcessTransactionRequestPDUSendFail(t *testing.T) {
 func createTransactionWithEDU(ctx *process.ProcessContext, edus []gomatrixserverlib.EDU) (TxnReq, nats.JetStreamContext, *config.Dendrite) {
 	cfg := &config.Dendrite{}
 	cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   true,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       true,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
 	cfg.Global.JetStream.InMemory = true
 	natsInstance := &jetstream.NATSInstance{}
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ func init() {
 }
 
 type testRoomserverAPI struct {
-	rsAPI.RoomserverInternalAPITrace
+	rsAPI.RoomserverInternalAPI
 	inputRoomEvents           []rsAPI.InputRoomEvent
 	queryStateAfterEvents     func(*rsAPI.QueryStateAfterEventsRequest) rsAPI.QueryStateAfterEventsResponse
 	queryEventsByID           func(req *rsAPI.QueryEventsByIDRequest) rsAPI.QueryEventsByIDResponse
diff --git a/keyserver/internal/device_list_update.go b/keyserver/internal/device_list_update.go
index c7bf8da53..1b00d1eec 100644
--- a/keyserver/internal/device_list_update.go
+++ b/keyserver/internal/device_list_update.go
@@ -477,10 +477,6 @@ func (u *DeviceListUpdater) processServerUser(ctx context.Context, serverName go
 				return e.RetryAfter, err
 			} else if e.Blacklisted {
 				return time.Hour * 8, err
-			} else if e.Code >= 300 {
-				// We didn't get a real FederationClientError (e.g. in polylith mode, where gomatrix.HTTPError
-				// are "converted" to FederationClientError), but we probably shouldn't hit them every $waitTime seconds.
-				return hourWaitTime, err
 			}
 		case net.Error:
 			// Use the default waitTime, if it's a timeout.
diff --git a/keyserver/inthttp/client.go b/keyserver/inthttp/client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 75d537d9c..000000000
--- a/keyserver/inthttp/client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/api"
-	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-// HTTP paths for the internal HTTP APIs
-const (
-	InputDeviceListUpdatePath         = "/keyserver/inputDeviceListUpdate"
-	PerformUploadKeysPath             = "/keyserver/performUploadKeys"
-	PerformClaimKeysPath              = "/keyserver/performClaimKeys"
-	PerformDeleteKeysPath             = "/keyserver/performDeleteKeys"
-	PerformUploadDeviceKeysPath       = "/keyserver/performUploadDeviceKeys"
-	PerformUploadDeviceSignaturesPath = "/keyserver/performUploadDeviceSignatures"
-	QueryKeysPath                     = "/keyserver/queryKeys"
-	QueryKeyChangesPath               = "/keyserver/queryKeyChanges"
-	QueryOneTimeKeysPath              = "/keyserver/queryOneTimeKeys"
-	QueryDeviceMessagesPath           = "/keyserver/queryDeviceMessages"
-	QuerySignaturesPath               = "/keyserver/querySignatures"
-	PerformMarkAsStalePath            = "/keyserver/markAsStale"
-)
-
-// NewKeyServerClient creates a KeyInternalAPI implemented by talking to a HTTP POST API.
-// If httpClient is nil an error is returned
-func NewKeyServerClient(
-	apiURL string,
-	httpClient *http.Client,
-) (api.KeyInternalAPI, error) {
-	if httpClient == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("NewKeyServerClient: httpClient is <nil>")
-	}
-	return &httpKeyInternalAPI{
-		apiURL:     apiURL,
-		httpClient: httpClient,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type httpKeyInternalAPI struct {
-	apiURL     string
-	httpClient *http.Client
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(i userapi.KeyserverUserAPI) {
-	// no-op: doesn't need it
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) PerformClaimKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformClaimKeysRequest,
-	response *api.PerformClaimKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformClaimKeys", h.apiURL+PerformClaimKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) PerformDeleteKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformDeleteKeysRequest,
-	response *api.PerformDeleteKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformDeleteKeys", h.apiURL+PerformDeleteKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) PerformUploadKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformUploadKeysRequest,
-	response *api.PerformUploadKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformUploadKeys", h.apiURL+PerformUploadKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) QueryKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryKeysRequest,
-	response *api.QueryKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryKeys", h.apiURL+QueryKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) QueryOneTimeKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryOneTimeKeysRequest,
-	response *api.QueryOneTimeKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryOneTimeKeys", h.apiURL+QueryOneTimeKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) QueryDeviceMessages(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryDeviceMessagesRequest,
-	response *api.QueryDeviceMessagesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryDeviceMessages", h.apiURL+QueryDeviceMessagesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) QueryKeyChanges(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryKeyChangesRequest,
-	response *api.QueryKeyChangesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryKeyChanges", h.apiURL+QueryKeyChangesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) PerformUploadDeviceKeys(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformUploadDeviceKeysRequest,
-	response *api.PerformUploadDeviceKeysResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformUploadDeviceKeys", h.apiURL+PerformUploadDeviceKeysPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) PerformUploadDeviceSignatures(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformUploadDeviceSignaturesRequest,
-	response *api.PerformUploadDeviceSignaturesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformUploadDeviceSignatures", h.apiURL+PerformUploadDeviceSignaturesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) QuerySignatures(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QuerySignaturesRequest,
-	response *api.QuerySignaturesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QuerySignatures", h.apiURL+QuerySignaturesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) PerformMarkAsStaleIfNeeded(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformMarkAsStaleRequest,
-	response *struct{},
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"MarkAsStale", h.apiURL+PerformMarkAsStalePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/keyserver/inthttp/server.go b/keyserver/inthttp/server.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 443269f73..000000000
--- a/keyserver/inthttp/server.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/api"
-)
-
-func AddRoutes(internalAPIMux *mux.Router, s api.KeyInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformClaimKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverPerformClaimKeys", enableMetrics, s.PerformClaimKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformDeleteKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverPerformDeleteKeys", enableMetrics, s.PerformDeleteKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformUploadKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverPerformUploadKeys", enableMetrics, s.PerformUploadKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformUploadDeviceKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverPerformUploadDeviceKeys", enableMetrics, s.PerformUploadDeviceKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformUploadDeviceSignaturesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverPerformUploadDeviceSignatures", enableMetrics, s.PerformUploadDeviceSignatures),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverQueryKeys", enableMetrics, s.QueryKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryOneTimeKeysPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverQueryOneTimeKeys", enableMetrics, s.QueryOneTimeKeys),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryDeviceMessagesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverQueryDeviceMessages", enableMetrics, s.QueryDeviceMessages),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryKeyChangesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverQueryKeyChanges", enableMetrics, s.QueryKeyChanges),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QuerySignaturesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverQuerySignatures", enableMetrics, s.QuerySignatures),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformMarkAsStalePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("KeyserverMarkAsStale", enableMetrics, s.PerformMarkAsStaleIfNeeded),
-	)
-}
diff --git a/keyserver/keyserver.go b/keyserver/keyserver.go
index 275576773..2d143682d 100644
--- a/keyserver/keyserver.go
+++ b/keyserver/keyserver.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 package keyserver
 
 import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	rsapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
@@ -24,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/consumers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/internal"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/producers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
@@ -32,12 +30,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/jetstream"
 )
 
-// AddInternalRoutes registers HTTP handlers for the internal API. Invokes functions
-// on the given input API.
-func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, intAPI api.KeyInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	inthttp.AddRoutes(router, intAPI, enableMetrics)
-}
-
 // NewInternalAPI returns a concerete implementation of the internal API. Callers
 // can call functions directly on the returned API or via an HTTP interface using AddInternalRoutes.
 func NewInternalAPI(
diff --git a/roomserver/api/api_trace.go b/roomserver/api/api_trace.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 166b651a2..000000000
--- a/roomserver/api/api_trace.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,427 +0,0 @@
-package api
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
-
-	asAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
-	fsAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
-	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-// RoomserverInternalAPITrace wraps a RoomserverInternalAPI and logs the
-// complete request/response/error
-type RoomserverInternalAPITrace struct {
-	Impl RoomserverInternalAPI
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryLeftUsers(ctx context.Context, req *QueryLeftUsersRequest, res *QueryLeftUsersResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryLeftUsers(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryLeftUsers req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsAPI.RoomserverFederationAPI, keyRing *gomatrixserverlib.KeyRing) {
-	t.Impl.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, keyRing)
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) {
-	t.Impl.SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI)
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI) {
-	t.Impl.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) InputRoomEvents(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *InputRoomEventsRequest,
-	res *InputRoomEventsResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.InputRoomEvents(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("InputRoomEvents req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformInvite(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformInviteRequest,
-	res *PerformInviteResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformInvite(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformInvite req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformPeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformPeekRequest,
-	res *PerformPeekResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformPeek(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformPeek req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformUnpeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformUnpeekRequest,
-	res *PerformUnpeekResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformUnpeek(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformUnpeek req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformRoomUpgrade(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformRoomUpgradeRequest,
-	res *PerformRoomUpgradeResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformRoomUpgrade(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformRoomUpgrade req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformJoin(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformJoinRequest,
-	res *PerformJoinResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformJoin(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformJoin req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformLeave(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformLeaveRequest,
-	res *PerformLeaveResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformLeave(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformLeave req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformPublish(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformPublishRequest,
-	res *PerformPublishResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformPublish(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformPublish req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformAdminEvacuateRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformAdminEvacuateRoomRequest,
-	res *PerformAdminEvacuateRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformAdminEvacuateRoom(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformAdminEvacuateRoom req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformAdminEvacuateUser(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformAdminEvacuateUserRequest,
-	res *PerformAdminEvacuateUserResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformAdminEvacuateUser(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformAdminEvacuateUser req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformAdminPurgeRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformAdminPurgeRoomRequest,
-	res *PerformAdminPurgeRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformAdminPurgeRoom(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformAdminPurgeRoom req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformAdminDownloadState(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformAdminDownloadStateRequest,
-	res *PerformAdminDownloadStateResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformAdminDownloadState(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformAdminDownloadState req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformInboundPeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformInboundPeekRequest,
-	res *PerformInboundPeekResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformInboundPeek(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformInboundPeek req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryPublishedRooms(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryPublishedRoomsRequest,
-	res *QueryPublishedRoomsResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryPublishedRooms(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryPublishedRooms req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryLatestEventsAndState(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryLatestEventsAndStateRequest,
-	res *QueryLatestEventsAndStateResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryLatestEventsAndState(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryLatestEventsAndState req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryStateAfterEvents(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryStateAfterEventsRequest,
-	res *QueryStateAfterEventsResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryStateAfterEvents(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryStateAfterEvents req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryEventsByID(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryEventsByIDRequest,
-	res *QueryEventsByIDResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryEventsByID(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryEventsByID req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryMembershipForUser(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryMembershipForUserRequest,
-	res *QueryMembershipForUserResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryMembershipForUser(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryMembershipForUser req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryMembershipsForRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryMembershipsForRoomRequest,
-	res *QueryMembershipsForRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryMembershipsForRoom(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryMembershipsForRoom req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryServerJoinedToRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryServerJoinedToRoomRequest,
-	res *QueryServerJoinedToRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryServerJoinedToRoom(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryServerJoinedToRoom req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryServerAllowedToSeeEventRequest,
-	res *QueryServerAllowedToSeeEventResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryMissingEvents(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryMissingEventsRequest,
-	res *QueryMissingEventsResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryMissingEvents(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryMissingEvents req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryStateAndAuthChain(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryStateAndAuthChainRequest,
-	res *QueryStateAndAuthChainResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryStateAndAuthChain(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryStateAndAuthChain req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformBackfill(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformBackfillRequest,
-	res *PerformBackfillResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformBackfill(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformBackfill req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) PerformForget(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *PerformForgetRequest,
-	res *PerformForgetResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformForget(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("PerformForget req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryRoomVersionCapabilities(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesRequest,
-	res *QueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryRoomVersionCapabilities(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryRoomVersionCapabilities req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryRoomVersionForRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *QueryRoomVersionForRoomRequest,
-	res *QueryRoomVersionForRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryRoomVersionForRoom(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryRoomVersionForRoom req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetRoomAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *SetRoomAliasRequest,
-	res *SetRoomAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.SetRoomAlias(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("SetRoomAlias req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) GetRoomIDForAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *GetRoomIDForAliasRequest,
-	res *GetRoomIDForAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.GetRoomIDForAlias(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("GetRoomIDForAlias req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) GetAliasesForRoomID(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *GetAliasesForRoomIDRequest,
-	res *GetAliasesForRoomIDResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.GetAliasesForRoomID(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("GetAliasesForRoomID req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) RemoveRoomAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *RemoveRoomAliasRequest,
-	res *RemoveRoomAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.RemoveRoomAlias(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("RemoveRoomAlias req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryCurrentState(ctx context.Context, req *QueryCurrentStateRequest, res *QueryCurrentStateResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryCurrentState(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryCurrentState req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-// QueryRoomsForUser retrieves a list of room IDs matching the given query.
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryRoomsForUser(ctx context.Context, req *QueryRoomsForUserRequest, res *QueryRoomsForUserResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryRoomsForUser(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryRoomsForUser req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-// QueryBulkStateContent does a bulk query for state event content in the given rooms.
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryBulkStateContent(ctx context.Context, req *QueryBulkStateContentRequest, res *QueryBulkStateContentResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryBulkStateContent(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryBulkStateContent req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-// QuerySharedUsers returns a list of users who share at least 1 room in common with the given user.
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QuerySharedUsers(ctx context.Context, req *QuerySharedUsersRequest, res *QuerySharedUsersResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QuerySharedUsers(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QuerySharedUsers req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-// QueryKnownUsers returns a list of users that we know about from our joined rooms.
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryKnownUsers(ctx context.Context, req *QueryKnownUsersRequest, res *QueryKnownUsersResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryKnownUsers(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryKnownUsers req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-// QueryServerBannedFromRoom returns whether a server is banned from a room by server ACLs.
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryServerBannedFromRoom(ctx context.Context, req *QueryServerBannedFromRoomRequest, res *QueryServerBannedFromRoomResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryServerBannedFromRoom(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryServerBannedFromRoom req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryAuthChain(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *QueryAuthChainRequest,
-	response *QueryAuthChainResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryAuthChain(ctx, request, response)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryAuthChain req=%+v res=%+v", js(request), js(response))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryRestrictedJoinAllowed(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *QueryRestrictedJoinAllowedRequest,
-	response *QueryRestrictedJoinAllowedResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryRestrictedJoinAllowed(ctx, request, response)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryRestrictedJoinAllowed req=%+v res=%+v", js(request), js(response))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) QueryMembershipAtEvent(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *QueryMembershipAtEventRequest,
-	response *QueryMembershipAtEventResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryMembershipAtEvent(ctx, request, response)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("QueryMembershipAtEvent req=%+v res=%+v", js(request), js(response))
-	return err
-}
-
-func js(thing interface{}) string {
-	b, err := json.Marshal(thing)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("Marshal error:%s", err)
-	}
-	return string(b)
-}
diff --git a/roomserver/inthttp/client.go b/roomserver/inthttp/client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 556a137ba..000000000
--- a/roomserver/inthttp/client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,575 +0,0 @@
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
-
-	asAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
-	fsInputAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/caching"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
-	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-const (
-	// Alias operations
-	RoomserverSetRoomAliasPath         = "/roomserver/setRoomAlias"
-	RoomserverGetRoomIDForAliasPath    = "/roomserver/GetRoomIDForAlias"
-	RoomserverGetAliasesForRoomIDPath  = "/roomserver/GetAliasesForRoomID"
-	RoomserverGetCreatorIDForAliasPath = "/roomserver/GetCreatorIDForAlias"
-	RoomserverRemoveRoomAliasPath      = "/roomserver/removeRoomAlias"
-
-	// Input operations
-	RoomserverInputRoomEventsPath = "/roomserver/inputRoomEvents"
-
-	// Perform operations
-	RoomserverPerformInvitePath             = "/roomserver/performInvite"
-	RoomserverPerformPeekPath               = "/roomserver/performPeek"
-	RoomserverPerformUnpeekPath             = "/roomserver/performUnpeek"
-	RoomserverPerformRoomUpgradePath        = "/roomserver/performRoomUpgrade"
-	RoomserverPerformJoinPath               = "/roomserver/performJoin"
-	RoomserverPerformLeavePath              = "/roomserver/performLeave"
-	RoomserverPerformBackfillPath           = "/roomserver/performBackfill"
-	RoomserverPerformPublishPath            = "/roomserver/performPublish"
-	RoomserverPerformInboundPeekPath        = "/roomserver/performInboundPeek"
-	RoomserverPerformForgetPath             = "/roomserver/performForget"
-	RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateRoomPath  = "/roomserver/performAdminEvacuateRoom"
-	RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateUserPath  = "/roomserver/performAdminEvacuateUser"
-	RoomserverPerformAdminDownloadStatePath = "/roomserver/performAdminDownloadState"
-	RoomserverPerformAdminPurgeRoomPath     = "/roomserver/performAdminPurgeRoom"
-
-	// Query operations
-	RoomserverQueryLatestEventsAndStatePath    = "/roomserver/queryLatestEventsAndState"
-	RoomserverQueryStateAfterEventsPath        = "/roomserver/queryStateAfterEvents"
-	RoomserverQueryEventsByIDPath              = "/roomserver/queryEventsByID"
-	RoomserverQueryMembershipForUserPath       = "/roomserver/queryMembershipForUser"
-	RoomserverQueryMembershipsForRoomPath      = "/roomserver/queryMembershipsForRoom"
-	RoomserverQueryServerJoinedToRoomPath      = "/roomserver/queryServerJoinedToRoomPath"
-	RoomserverQueryServerAllowedToSeeEventPath = "/roomserver/queryServerAllowedToSeeEvent"
-	RoomserverQueryMissingEventsPath           = "/roomserver/queryMissingEvents"
-	RoomserverQueryStateAndAuthChainPath       = "/roomserver/queryStateAndAuthChain"
-	RoomserverQueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesPath = "/roomserver/queryRoomVersionCapabilities"
-	RoomserverQueryRoomVersionForRoomPath      = "/roomserver/queryRoomVersionForRoom"
-	RoomserverQueryPublishedRoomsPath          = "/roomserver/queryPublishedRooms"
-	RoomserverQueryCurrentStatePath            = "/roomserver/queryCurrentState"
-	RoomserverQueryRoomsForUserPath            = "/roomserver/queryRoomsForUser"
-	RoomserverQueryBulkStateContentPath        = "/roomserver/queryBulkStateContent"
-	RoomserverQuerySharedUsersPath             = "/roomserver/querySharedUsers"
-	RoomserverQueryKnownUsersPath              = "/roomserver/queryKnownUsers"
-	RoomserverQueryServerBannedFromRoomPath    = "/roomserver/queryServerBannedFromRoom"
-	RoomserverQueryAuthChainPath               = "/roomserver/queryAuthChain"
-	RoomserverQueryRestrictedJoinAllowed       = "/roomserver/queryRestrictedJoinAllowed"
-	RoomserverQueryMembershipAtEventPath       = "/roomserver/queryMembershipAtEvent"
-	RoomserverQueryLeftMembersPath             = "/roomserver/queryLeftMembers"
-)
-
-type httpRoomserverInternalAPI struct {
-	roomserverURL string
-	httpClient    *http.Client
-	cache         caching.RoomVersionCache
-}
-
-// NewRoomserverClient creates a RoomserverInputAPI implemented by talking to a HTTP POST API.
-// If httpClient is nil an error is returned
-func NewRoomserverClient(
-	roomserverURL string,
-	httpClient *http.Client,
-	cache caching.RoomVersionCache,
-) (api.RoomserverInternalAPI, error) {
-	if httpClient == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("NewRoomserverInternalAPIHTTP: httpClient is <nil>")
-	}
-	return &httpRoomserverInternalAPI{
-		roomserverURL: roomserverURL,
-		httpClient:    httpClient,
-		cache:         cache,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// SetFederationInputAPI no-ops in HTTP client mode as there is no chicken/egg scenario
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsInputAPI.RoomserverFederationAPI, keyRing *gomatrixserverlib.KeyRing) {
-}
-
-// SetAppserviceAPI no-ops in HTTP client mode as there is no chicken/egg scenario
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) {
-}
-
-// SetUserAPI no-ops in HTTP client mode as there is no chicken/egg scenario
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI) {
-}
-
-// SetRoomAlias implements RoomserverAliasAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetRoomAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.SetRoomAliasRequest,
-	response *api.SetRoomAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"SetRoomAlias", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverSetRoomAliasPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// GetRoomIDForAlias implements RoomserverAliasAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) GetRoomIDForAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.GetRoomIDForAliasRequest,
-	response *api.GetRoomIDForAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"GetRoomIDForAlias", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverGetRoomIDForAliasPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// GetAliasesForRoomID implements RoomserverAliasAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) GetAliasesForRoomID(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.GetAliasesForRoomIDRequest,
-	response *api.GetAliasesForRoomIDResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"GetAliasesForRoomID", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverGetAliasesForRoomIDPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// RemoveRoomAlias implements RoomserverAliasAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) RemoveRoomAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.RemoveRoomAliasRequest,
-	response *api.RemoveRoomAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"RemoveRoomAlias", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverRemoveRoomAliasPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// InputRoomEvents implements RoomserverInputAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) InputRoomEvents(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.InputRoomEventsRequest,
-	response *api.InputRoomEventsResponse,
-) error {
-	if err := httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"InputRoomEvents", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverInputRoomEventsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	); err != nil {
-		response.ErrMsg = err.Error()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformInvite(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformInviteRequest,
-	response *api.PerformInviteResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformInvite", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformInvitePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformJoin(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformJoinRequest,
-	response *api.PerformJoinResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformJoin", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformJoinPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformPeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformPeekRequest,
-	response *api.PerformPeekResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformPeek", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformPeekPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformInboundPeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformInboundPeekRequest,
-	response *api.PerformInboundPeekResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformInboundPeek", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformInboundPeekPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformUnpeek(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformUnpeekRequest,
-	response *api.PerformUnpeekResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformUnpeek", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformUnpeekPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformRoomUpgrade(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformRoomUpgradeRequest,
-	response *api.PerformRoomUpgradeResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformRoomUpgrade", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformRoomUpgradePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformLeave(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformLeaveRequest,
-	response *api.PerformLeaveResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformLeave", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformLeavePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformPublish(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformPublishRequest,
-	response *api.PerformPublishResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformPublish", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformPublishPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformAdminEvacuateRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformAdminEvacuateRoomRequest,
-	response *api.PerformAdminEvacuateRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformAdminEvacuateRoom", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformAdminDownloadState(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformAdminDownloadStateRequest,
-	response *api.PerformAdminDownloadStateResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformAdminDownloadState", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformAdminDownloadStatePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformAdminEvacuateUser(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformAdminEvacuateUserRequest,
-	response *api.PerformAdminEvacuateUserResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformAdminEvacuateUser", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateUserPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformAdminPurgeRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformAdminPurgeRoomRequest,
-	response *api.PerformAdminPurgeRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformAdminPurgeRoom", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformAdminPurgeRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryLatestEventsAndState implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryLatestEventsAndState(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateRequest,
-	response *api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryLatestEventsAndState", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryLatestEventsAndStatePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryStateAfterEvents implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryStateAfterEvents(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryStateAfterEventsRequest,
-	response *api.QueryStateAfterEventsResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryStateAfterEvents", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryStateAfterEventsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryEventsByID implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryEventsByID(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryEventsByIDRequest,
-	response *api.QueryEventsByIDResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryEventsByID", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryEventsByIDPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryPublishedRooms(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryPublishedRoomsRequest,
-	response *api.QueryPublishedRoomsResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryPublishedRooms", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryPublishedRoomsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryMembershipForUser implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryMembershipForUser(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryMembershipForUserRequest,
-	response *api.QueryMembershipForUserResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryMembershipForUser", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryMembershipForUserPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryMembershipsForRoom implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryMembershipsForRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryMembershipsForRoomRequest,
-	response *api.QueryMembershipsForRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryMembershipsForRoom", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryMembershipsForRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryMembershipsForRoom implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryServerJoinedToRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryServerJoinedToRoomRequest,
-	response *api.QueryServerJoinedToRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryServerJoinedToRoom", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryServerJoinedToRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryServerAllowedToSeeEventRequest,
-	response *api.QueryServerAllowedToSeeEventResponse,
-) (err error) {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryServerAllowedToSeeEventPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryMissingEvents implements RoomServerQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryMissingEvents(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryMissingEventsRequest,
-	response *api.QueryMissingEventsResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryMissingEvents", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryMissingEventsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryStateAndAuthChain implements RoomserverQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryStateAndAuthChain(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryStateAndAuthChainRequest,
-	response *api.QueryStateAndAuthChainResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryStateAndAuthChain", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryStateAndAuthChainPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// PerformBackfill implements RoomServerQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformBackfill(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformBackfillRequest,
-	response *api.PerformBackfillResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformBackfill", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformBackfillPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryRoomVersionCapabilities implements RoomServerQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryRoomVersionCapabilities(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesRequest,
-	response *api.QueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryRoomVersionCapabilities", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-// QueryRoomVersionForRoom implements RoomServerQueryAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryRoomVersionForRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryRoomVersionForRoomRequest,
-	response *api.QueryRoomVersionForRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	if roomVersion, ok := h.cache.GetRoomVersion(request.RoomID); ok {
-		response.RoomVersion = roomVersion
-		return nil
-	}
-	err := httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryRoomVersionForRoom", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryRoomVersionForRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-	if err == nil {
-		h.cache.StoreRoomVersion(request.RoomID, response.RoomVersion)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryCurrentState(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryCurrentStateRequest,
-	response *api.QueryCurrentStateResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryCurrentState", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryCurrentStatePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryRoomsForUser(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryRoomsForUserRequest,
-	response *api.QueryRoomsForUserResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryRoomsForUser", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryRoomsForUserPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryBulkStateContent(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryBulkStateContentRequest,
-	response *api.QueryBulkStateContentResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryBulkStateContent", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryBulkStateContentPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QuerySharedUsers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QuerySharedUsersRequest,
-	response *api.QuerySharedUsersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QuerySharedUsers", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQuerySharedUsersPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryKnownUsers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryKnownUsersRequest,
-	response *api.QueryKnownUsersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryKnownUsers", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryKnownUsersPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryAuthChain(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryAuthChainRequest,
-	response *api.QueryAuthChainResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryAuthChain", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryAuthChainPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryServerBannedFromRoom(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryServerBannedFromRoomRequest,
-	response *api.QueryServerBannedFromRoomResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryServerBannedFromRoom", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryServerBannedFromRoomPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryRestrictedJoinAllowed(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryRestrictedJoinAllowedRequest,
-	response *api.QueryRestrictedJoinAllowedResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryRestrictedJoinAllowed", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryRestrictedJoinAllowed,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) PerformForget(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformForgetRequest,
-	response *api.PerformForgetResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformForget", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverPerformForgetPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryMembershipAtEvent(ctx context.Context, request *api.QueryMembershipAtEventRequest, response *api.QueryMembershipAtEventResponse) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryMembershiptAtEvent", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryMembershipAtEventPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) QueryLeftUsers(ctx context.Context, request *api.QueryLeftUsersRequest, response *api.QueryLeftUsersResponse) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"RoomserverQueryLeftMembers", h.roomserverURL+RoomserverQueryLeftMembersPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/roomserver/inthttp/server.go b/roomserver/inthttp/server.go
deleted file mode 100644
index f3a51b0b1..000000000
--- a/roomserver/inthttp/server.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,216 +0,0 @@
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
-)
-
-// AddRoutes adds the RoomserverInternalAPI handlers to the http.ServeMux.
-// nolint: gocyclo
-func AddRoutes(r api.RoomserverInternalAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router, enableMetrics bool) {
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverInputRoomEventsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverInputRoomEvents", enableMetrics, r.InputRoomEvents),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformInvitePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformInvite", enableMetrics, r.PerformInvite),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformJoinPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformJoin", enableMetrics, r.PerformJoin),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformLeavePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformLeave", enableMetrics, r.PerformLeave),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformPeekPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformPeek", enableMetrics, r.PerformPeek),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformInboundPeekPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformInboundPeek", enableMetrics, r.PerformInboundPeek),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformUnpeekPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformUnpeek", enableMetrics, r.PerformUnpeek),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformRoomUpgradePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformRoomUpgrade", enableMetrics, r.PerformRoomUpgrade),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformPublishPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformPublish", enableMetrics, r.PerformPublish),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateRoom", enableMetrics, r.PerformAdminEvacuateRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateUserPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformAdminEvacuateUser", enableMetrics, r.PerformAdminEvacuateUser),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformAdminPurgeRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformAdminPurgeRoom", enableMetrics, r.PerformAdminPurgeRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformAdminDownloadStatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformAdminDownloadState", enableMetrics, r.PerformAdminDownloadState),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryPublishedRoomsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryPublishedRooms", enableMetrics, r.QueryPublishedRooms),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryLatestEventsAndStatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryLatestEventsAndState", enableMetrics, r.QueryLatestEventsAndState),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryStateAfterEventsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryStateAfterEvents", enableMetrics, r.QueryStateAfterEvents),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryEventsByIDPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryEventsByID", enableMetrics, r.QueryEventsByID),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryMembershipForUserPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryMembershipForUser", enableMetrics, r.QueryMembershipForUser),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryMembershipsForRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryMembershipsForRoom", enableMetrics, r.QueryMembershipsForRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryServerJoinedToRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryServerJoinedToRoom", enableMetrics, r.QueryServerJoinedToRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryServerAllowedToSeeEventPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent", enableMetrics, r.QueryServerAllowedToSeeEvent),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryMissingEventsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryMissingEvents", enableMetrics, r.QueryMissingEvents),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryStateAndAuthChainPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryStateAndAuthChain", enableMetrics, r.QueryStateAndAuthChain),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformBackfillPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformBackfill", enableMetrics, r.PerformBackfill),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverPerformForgetPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverPerformForget", enableMetrics, r.PerformForget),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryRoomVersionCapabilities", enableMetrics, r.QueryRoomVersionCapabilities),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryRoomVersionForRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryRoomVersionForRoom", enableMetrics, r.QueryRoomVersionForRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverSetRoomAliasPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverSetRoomAlias", enableMetrics, r.SetRoomAlias),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverGetRoomIDForAliasPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverGetRoomIDForAlias", enableMetrics, r.GetRoomIDForAlias),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverGetAliasesForRoomIDPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverGetAliasesForRoomID", enableMetrics, r.GetAliasesForRoomID),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverRemoveRoomAliasPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverRemoveRoomAlias", enableMetrics, r.RemoveRoomAlias),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryCurrentStatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryCurrentState", enableMetrics, r.QueryCurrentState),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryRoomsForUserPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryRoomsForUser", enableMetrics, r.QueryRoomsForUser),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryBulkStateContentPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryBulkStateContent", enableMetrics, r.QueryBulkStateContent),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQuerySharedUsersPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQuerySharedUsers", enableMetrics, r.QuerySharedUsers),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryKnownUsersPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryKnownUsers", enableMetrics, r.QueryKnownUsers),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryServerBannedFromRoomPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryServerBannedFromRoom", enableMetrics, r.QueryServerBannedFromRoom),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryAuthChainPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryAuthChain", enableMetrics, r.QueryAuthChain),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryRestrictedJoinAllowed,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryRestrictedJoinAllowed", enableMetrics, r.QueryRestrictedJoinAllowed),
-	)
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryMembershipAtEventPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryMembershipAtEventPath", enableMetrics, r.QueryMembershipAtEvent),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverQueryLeftMembersPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("RoomserverQueryLeftMembersPath", enableMetrics, r.QueryLeftUsers),
-	)
-}
diff --git a/roomserver/roomserver.go b/roomserver/roomserver.go
index 0f6b48bf9..c5c51b255 100644
--- a/roomserver/roomserver.go
+++ b/roomserver/roomserver.go
@@ -15,22 +15,14 @@
 package roomserver
 
 import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/internal"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
 )
 
-// AddInternalRoutes registers HTTP handlers for the internal API. Invokes functions
-// on the given input API.
-func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, intAPI api.RoomserverInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	inthttp.AddRoutes(intAPI, router, enableMetrics)
-}
-
 // NewInternalAPI returns a concerete implementation of the internal API. Callers
 // can call functions directly on the returned API or via an HTTP interface using AddInternalRoutes.
 func NewInternalAPI(
diff --git a/roomserver/roomserver_test.go b/roomserver/roomserver_test.go
index 3ec2560d6..7ba01e50f 100644
--- a/roomserver/roomserver_test.go
+++ b/roomserver/roomserver_test.go
@@ -2,13 +2,10 @@ package roomserver_test
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"net/http"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi"
 
@@ -22,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/test"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/test/testrig"
@@ -207,24 +203,7 @@ func Test_QueryLeftUsers(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		t.Run("HTTP API", func(t *testing.T) {
-			router := mux.NewRouter().PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Subrouter()
-			roomserver.AddInternalRoutes(router, rsAPI, false)
-			apiURL, cancel := test.ListenAndServe(t, router, false)
-			defer cancel()
-			httpAPI, err := inthttp.NewRoomserverClient(apiURL, &http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5}, nil)
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("failed to create HTTP client")
-			}
-			testCase(httpAPI)
-		})
-		t.Run("Monolith", func(t *testing.T) {
-			testCase(rsAPI)
-			// also test tracing
-			traceAPI := &api.RoomserverInternalAPITrace{Impl: rsAPI}
-			testCase(traceAPI)
-		})
-
+		testCase(rsAPI)
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/setup/base/base.go b/setup/base/base.go
index 6ea68119d..aabdd7937 100644
--- a/setup/base/base.go
+++ b/setup/base/base.go
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ package base
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"crypto/tls"
 	"database/sql"
 	"embed"
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -38,8 +37,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
 	"go.uber.org/atomic"
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2/h2c"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/caching"
@@ -53,19 +50,9 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
-	appserviceAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
-	asinthttp "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/inthttp"
-	federationAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
-	federationIntHTTP "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/inthttp"
-	keyserverAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/api"
-	keyinthttp "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/inthttp"
-	roomserverAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
-	rsinthttp "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/jetstream"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/process"
-	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-	userapiinthttp "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/inthttp"
 )
 
 //go:embed static/*.gotmpl
@@ -78,7 +65,6 @@ var staticContent embed.FS
 // Must be closed when shutting down.
 type BaseDendrite struct {
 	*process.ProcessContext
-	componentName          string
 	tracerCloser           io.Closer
 	PublicClientAPIMux     *mux.Router
 	PublicFederationAPIMux *mux.Router
@@ -86,12 +72,9 @@ type BaseDendrite struct {
 	PublicMediaAPIMux      *mux.Router
 	PublicWellKnownAPIMux  *mux.Router
 	PublicStaticMux        *mux.Router
-	InternalAPIMux         *mux.Router
 	DendriteAdminMux       *mux.Router
 	SynapseAdminMux        *mux.Router
 	NATS                   *jetstream.NATSInstance
-	UseHTTPAPIs            bool
-	apiHttpClient          *http.Client
 	Cfg                    *config.Dendrite
 	Caches                 *caching.Caches
 	DNSCache               *gomatrixserverlib.DNSCache
@@ -105,38 +88,26 @@ type BaseDendrite struct {
 const NoListener = ""
 
 const HTTPServerTimeout = time.Minute * 5
-const HTTPClientTimeout = time.Second * 30
 
 type BaseDendriteOptions int
 
 const (
 	DisableMetrics BaseDendriteOptions = iota
-	UseHTTPAPIs
-	PolylithMode
 )
 
 // NewBaseDendrite creates a new instance to be used by a component.
-// The componentName is used for logging purposes, and should be a friendly name
-// of the compontent running, e.g. "SyncAPI"
-func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, componentName string, options ...BaseDendriteOptions) *BaseDendrite {
+func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, options ...BaseDendriteOptions) *BaseDendrite {
 	platformSanityChecks()
-	useHTTPAPIs := false
 	enableMetrics := true
-	isMonolith := true
 	for _, opt := range options {
 		switch opt {
 		case DisableMetrics:
 			enableMetrics = false
-		case UseHTTPAPIs:
-			useHTTPAPIs = true
-		case PolylithMode:
-			isMonolith = false
-			useHTTPAPIs = true
 		}
 	}
 
 	configErrors := &config.ConfigErrors{}
-	cfg.Verify(configErrors, isMonolith)
+	cfg.Verify(configErrors)
 	if len(*configErrors) > 0 {
 		for _, err := range *configErrors {
 			logrus.Errorf("Configuration error: %s", err)
@@ -145,7 +116,7 @@ func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, componentName string, options ...Base
 	}
 
 	internal.SetupStdLogging()
-	internal.SetupHookLogging(cfg.Logging, componentName)
+	internal.SetupHookLogging(cfg.Logging)
 	internal.SetupPprof()
 
 	logrus.Infof("Dendrite version %s", internal.VersionString())
@@ -154,14 +125,13 @@ func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, componentName string, options ...Base
 		logrus.Warn("Open registration is enabled")
 	}
 
-	closer, err := cfg.SetupTracing("Dendrite" + componentName)
+	closer, err := cfg.SetupTracing()
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.WithError(err).Panicf("failed to start opentracing")
 	}
 
 	var fts *fulltext.Search
-	isSyncOrMonolith := componentName == "syncapi" || isMonolith
-	if cfg.SyncAPI.Fulltext.Enabled && isSyncOrMonolith {
+	if cfg.SyncAPI.Fulltext.Enabled {
 		fts, err = fulltext.New(cfg.SyncAPI.Fulltext)
 		if err != nil {
 			logrus.WithError(err).Panicf("failed to create full text")
@@ -196,32 +166,12 @@ func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, componentName string, options ...Base
 		)
 	}
 
-	apiClient := http.Client{
-		Timeout: time.Minute * 10,
-		Transport: &http2.Transport{
-			AllowHTTP: true,
-			DialTLS: func(network, addr string, _ *tls.Config) (net.Conn, error) {
-				// Ordinarily HTTP/2 would expect TLS, but the remote listener is
-				// H2C-enabled (HTTP/2 without encryption). Overriding the DialTLS
-				// function with a plain Dial allows us to trick the HTTP client
-				// into establishing a HTTP/2 connection without TLS.
-				// TODO: Eventually we will want to look at authenticating and
-				// encrypting these internal HTTP APIs, at which point we will have
-				// to reconsider H2C and change all this anyway.
-				return net.Dial(network, addr)
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
 	// If we're in monolith mode, we'll set up a global pool of database
 	// connections. A component is welcome to use this pool if they don't
 	// have a separate database config of their own.
 	var db *sql.DB
 	var writer sqlutil.Writer
 	if cfg.Global.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString != "" {
-		if !isMonolith {
-			logrus.Panic("Using a global database connection pool is not supported in polylith deployments")
-		}
 		if cfg.Global.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString.IsSQLite() {
 			logrus.Panic("Using a global database connection pool is not supported with SQLite databases")
 		}
@@ -246,8 +196,6 @@ func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, componentName string, options ...Base
 
 	return &BaseDendrite{
 		ProcessContext:         process.NewProcessContext(),
-		componentName:          componentName,
-		UseHTTPAPIs:            useHTTPAPIs,
 		tracerCloser:           closer,
 		Cfg:                    cfg,
 		Caches:                 caching.NewRistrettoCache(cfg.Global.Cache.EstimatedMaxSize, cfg.Global.Cache.MaxAge, enableMetrics),
@@ -258,11 +206,9 @@ func NewBaseDendrite(cfg *config.Dendrite, componentName string, options ...Base
 		PublicMediaAPIMux:      mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).PathPrefix(httputil.PublicMediaPathPrefix).Subrouter().UseEncodedPath(),
 		PublicWellKnownAPIMux:  mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).PathPrefix(httputil.PublicWellKnownPrefix).Subrouter().UseEncodedPath(),
 		PublicStaticMux:        mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).PathPrefix(httputil.PublicStaticPath).Subrouter().UseEncodedPath(),
-		InternalAPIMux:         mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Subrouter().UseEncodedPath(),
 		DendriteAdminMux:       mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).PathPrefix(httputil.DendriteAdminPathPrefix).Subrouter().UseEncodedPath(),
 		SynapseAdminMux:        mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).PathPrefix(httputil.SynapseAdminPathPrefix).Subrouter().UseEncodedPath(),
 		NATS:                   &jetstream.NATSInstance{},
-		apiHttpClient:          &apiClient,
 		Database:               db,     // set if monolith with global connection pool only
 		DatabaseWriter:         writer, // set if monolith with global connection pool only
 		EnableMetrics:          enableMetrics,
@@ -300,52 +246,6 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) DatabaseConnection(dbProperties *config.DatabaseOptions,
 	return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("no database connections configured")
 }
 
-// AppserviceHTTPClient returns the AppServiceInternalAPI for hitting the appservice component over HTTP.
-func (b *BaseDendrite) AppserviceHTTPClient() appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI {
-	a, err := asinthttp.NewAppserviceClient(b.Cfg.AppServiceURL(), b.apiHttpClient)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("CreateHTTPAppServiceAPIs failed")
-	}
-	return a
-}
-
-// RoomserverHTTPClient returns RoomserverInternalAPI for hitting the roomserver over HTTP.
-func (b *BaseDendrite) RoomserverHTTPClient() roomserverAPI.RoomserverInternalAPI {
-	rsAPI, err := rsinthttp.NewRoomserverClient(b.Cfg.RoomServerURL(), b.apiHttpClient, b.Caches)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("RoomserverHTTPClient failed", b.apiHttpClient)
-	}
-	return rsAPI
-}
-
-// UserAPIClient returns UserInternalAPI for hitting the userapi over HTTP.
-func (b *BaseDendrite) UserAPIClient() userapi.UserInternalAPI {
-	userAPI, err := userapiinthttp.NewUserAPIClient(b.Cfg.UserAPIURL(), b.apiHttpClient)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("UserAPIClient failed", b.apiHttpClient)
-	}
-	return userAPI
-}
-
-// FederationAPIHTTPClient returns FederationInternalAPI for hitting
-// the federation API server over HTTP
-func (b *BaseDendrite) FederationAPIHTTPClient() federationAPI.FederationInternalAPI {
-	f, err := federationIntHTTP.NewFederationAPIClient(b.Cfg.FederationAPIURL(), b.apiHttpClient, b.Caches)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("FederationAPIHTTPClient failed", b.apiHttpClient)
-	}
-	return f
-}
-
-// KeyServerHTTPClient returns KeyInternalAPI for hitting the key server over HTTP
-func (b *BaseDendrite) KeyServerHTTPClient() keyserverAPI.KeyInternalAPI {
-	f, err := keyinthttp.NewKeyServerClient(b.Cfg.KeyServerURL(), b.apiHttpClient)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("KeyServerHTTPClient failed", b.apiHttpClient)
-	}
-	return f
-}
-
 // PushGatewayHTTPClient returns a new client for interacting with (external) Push Gateways.
 func (b *BaseDendrite) PushGatewayHTTPClient() pushgateway.Client {
 	return pushgateway.NewHTTPClient(b.Cfg.UserAPI.PushGatewayDisableTLSValidation)
@@ -442,20 +342,18 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) ConfigureAdminEndpoints() {
 	})
 }
 
-// SetupAndServeHTTP sets up the HTTP server to serve endpoints registered on
-// ApiMux under /api/ and adds a prometheus handler under /metrics.
+// SetupAndServeHTTP sets up the HTTP server to serve client & federation APIs
+// and adds a prometheus handler under /_dendrite/metrics.
 func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
-	internalHTTPAddr, externalHTTPAddr config.HTTPAddress,
+	externalHTTPAddr config.HTTPAddress,
 	certFile, keyFile *string,
 ) {
 	// Manually unlocked right before actually serving requests,
 	// as we don't return from this method (defer doesn't work).
 	b.startupLock.Lock()
-	internalAddr, _ := internalHTTPAddr.Address()
 	externalAddr, _ := externalHTTPAddr.Address()
 
 	externalRouter := mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).UseEncodedPath()
-	internalRouter := externalRouter
 
 	externalServ := &http.Server{
 		Addr:         string(externalAddr),
@@ -465,25 +363,6 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 			return b.ProcessContext.Context()
 		},
 	}
-	internalServ := externalServ
-
-	if internalAddr != NoListener && externalAddr != internalAddr {
-		// H2C allows us to accept HTTP/2 connections without TLS
-		// encryption. Since we don't currently require any form of
-		// authentication or encryption on these internal HTTP APIs,
-		// H2C gives us all of the advantages of HTTP/2 (such as
-		// stream multiplexing and avoiding head-of-line blocking)
-		// without enabling TLS.
-		internalH2S := &http2.Server{}
-		internalRouter = mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true).UseEncodedPath()
-		internalServ = &http.Server{
-			Addr:    string(internalAddr),
-			Handler: h2c.NewHandler(internalRouter, internalH2S),
-			BaseContext: func(_ net.Listener) context.Context {
-				return b.ProcessContext.Context()
-			},
-		}
-	}
 
 	b.configureHTTPErrors()
 
@@ -492,9 +371,8 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 		http.Redirect(w, r, httputil.PublicStaticPath, http.StatusFound)
 	})
 
-	internalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Handler(b.InternalAPIMux)
 	if b.Cfg.Global.Metrics.Enabled {
-		internalRouter.Handle("/metrics", httputil.WrapHandlerInBasicAuth(promhttp.Handler(), b.Cfg.Global.Metrics.BasicAuth))
+		externalRouter.Handle("/metrics", httputil.WrapHandlerInBasicAuth(promhttp.Handler(), b.Cfg.Global.Metrics.BasicAuth))
 	}
 
 	b.ConfigureAdminEndpoints()
@@ -528,7 +406,7 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 		})
 		federationHandler = sentryHandler.Handle(b.PublicFederationAPIMux)
 	}
-	internalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.DendriteAdminPathPrefix).Handler(b.DendriteAdminMux)
+	externalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.DendriteAdminPathPrefix).Handler(b.DendriteAdminMux)
 	externalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicClientPathPrefix).Handler(clientHandler)
 	if !b.Cfg.Global.DisableFederation {
 		externalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicKeyPathPrefix).Handler(b.PublicKeyAPIMux)
@@ -540,38 +418,11 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 	externalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicStaticPath).Handler(b.PublicStaticMux)
 
 	b.startupLock.Unlock()
-	if internalAddr != NoListener && internalAddr != externalAddr {
-		go func() {
-			var internalShutdown atomic.Bool // RegisterOnShutdown can be called more than once
-			logrus.Infof("Starting internal %s listener on %s", b.componentName, internalServ.Addr)
-			b.ProcessContext.ComponentStarted()
-			internalServ.RegisterOnShutdown(func() {
-				if internalShutdown.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
-					b.ProcessContext.ComponentFinished()
-					logrus.Infof("Stopped internal HTTP listener")
-				}
-			})
-			if certFile != nil && keyFile != nil {
-				if err := internalServ.ListenAndServeTLS(*certFile, *keyFile); err != nil {
-					if err != http.ErrServerClosed {
-						logrus.WithError(err).Fatal("failed to serve HTTPS")
-					}
-				}
-			} else {
-				if err := internalServ.ListenAndServe(); err != nil {
-					if err != http.ErrServerClosed {
-						logrus.WithError(err).Fatal("failed to serve HTTP")
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			logrus.Infof("Stopped internal %s listener on %s", b.componentName, internalServ.Addr)
-		}()
-	}
 
 	if externalAddr != NoListener {
 		go func() {
 			var externalShutdown atomic.Bool // RegisterOnShutdown can be called more than once
-			logrus.Infof("Starting external %s listener on %s", b.componentName, externalServ.Addr)
+			logrus.Infof("Starting external listener on %s", externalServ.Addr)
 			b.ProcessContext.ComponentStarted()
 			externalServ.RegisterOnShutdown(func() {
 				if externalShutdown.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
@@ -592,7 +443,7 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 					}
 				}
 			}
-			logrus.Infof("Stopped external %s listener on %s", b.componentName, externalServ.Addr)
+			logrus.Infof("Stopped external listener on %s", externalServ.Addr)
 		}()
 	}
 
@@ -600,7 +451,6 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 	<-b.ProcessContext.WaitForShutdown()
 
 	logrus.Infof("Stopping HTTP listeners")
-	_ = internalServ.Shutdown(context.Background())
 	_ = externalServ.Shutdown(context.Background())
 	logrus.Infof("Stopped HTTP listeners")
 }
diff --git a/setup/base/base_test.go b/setup/base/base_test.go
index 61cb530a9..d906294c0 100644
--- a/setup/base/base_test.go
+++ b/setup/base/base_test.go
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func TestLandingPage(t *testing.T) {
 	s.Close()
 
 	// start base with the listener and wait for it to be started
-	go b.SetupAndServeHTTP("", config.HTTPAddress(s.URL), nil, nil)
+	go b.SetupAndServeHTTP(config.HTTPAddress(s.URL), nil, nil)
 	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 10)
 
 	// When hitting /, we should be redirected to /_matrix/static, which should contain the landing page
diff --git a/setup/config/config.go b/setup/config/config.go
index 2b38cd512..848766162 100644
--- a/setup/config/config.go
+++ b/setup/config/config.go
@@ -79,8 +79,6 @@ type Dendrite struct {
 
 	// Any information derived from the configuration options for later use.
 	Derived Derived `yaml:"-"`
-
-	IsMonolith bool `yaml:"-"`
 }
 
 // TODO: Kill Derived
@@ -114,15 +112,6 @@ type Derived struct {
 	// servers from creating RoomIDs in exclusive application service namespaces
 }
 
-type InternalAPIOptions struct {
-	Listen  HTTPAddress `yaml:"listen"`
-	Connect HTTPAddress `yaml:"connect"`
-}
-
-type ExternalAPIOptions struct {
-	Listen HTTPAddress `yaml:"listen"`
-}
-
 // A Path on the filesystem.
 type Path string
 
@@ -191,7 +180,7 @@ type ConfigErrors []string
 
 // Load a yaml config file for a server run as multiple processes or as a monolith.
 // Checks the config to ensure that it is valid.
-func Load(configPath string, monolith bool) (*Dendrite, error) {
+func Load(configPath string) (*Dendrite, error) {
 	configData, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -202,28 +191,26 @@ func Load(configPath string, monolith bool) (*Dendrite, error) {
 	}
 	// Pass the current working directory and os.ReadFile so that they can
 	// be mocked in the tests
-	return loadConfig(basePath, configData, os.ReadFile, monolith)
+	return loadConfig(basePath, configData, os.ReadFile)
 }
 
 func loadConfig(
 	basePath string,
 	configData []byte,
 	readFile func(string) ([]byte, error),
-	monolithic bool,
 ) (*Dendrite, error) {
 	var c Dendrite
 	c.Defaults(DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   false,
-		Monolithic: monolithic,
+		Generate:       false,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
-	c.IsMonolith = monolithic
 
 	var err error
 	if err = yaml.Unmarshal(configData, &c); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if err = c.check(monolithic); err != nil {
+	if err = c.check(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -333,8 +320,8 @@ func (config *Dendrite) Derive() error {
 }
 
 type DefaultOpts struct {
-	Generate   bool
-	Monolithic bool
+	Generate       bool
+	SingleDatabase bool
 }
 
 // SetDefaults sets default config values if they are not explicitly set.
@@ -355,9 +342,9 @@ func (c *Dendrite) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	c.Wiring()
 }
 
-func (c *Dendrite) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *Dendrite) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	type verifiable interface {
-		Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool)
+		Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors)
 	}
 	for _, c := range []verifiable{
 		&c.Global, &c.ClientAPI, &c.FederationAPI,
@@ -365,7 +352,7 @@ func (c *Dendrite) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
 		&c.SyncAPI, &c.UserAPI,
 		&c.AppServiceAPI, &c.RelayAPI, &c.MSCs,
 	} {
-		c.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
+		c.Verify(configErrs)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -415,14 +402,6 @@ func checkNotEmpty(configErrs *ConfigErrors, key, value string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// checkNotZero verifies the given value is not zero in the configuration.
-// If it is, adds an error to the list.
-func checkNotZero(configErrs *ConfigErrors, key string, value int64) {
-	if value == 0 {
-		configErrs.Add(fmt.Sprintf("missing config key %q", key))
-	}
-}
-
 // checkPositive verifies the given value is positive (zero included)
 // in the configuration. If it is not, adds an error to the list.
 func checkPositive(configErrs *ConfigErrors, key string, value int64) {
@@ -431,26 +410,6 @@ func checkPositive(configErrs *ConfigErrors, key string, value int64) {
 	}
 }
 
-// checkURL verifies that the parameter is a valid URL
-func checkURL(configErrs *ConfigErrors, key, value string) {
-	if value == "" {
-		configErrs.Add(fmt.Sprintf("missing config key %q", key))
-		return
-	}
-	url, err := url.Parse(value)
-	if err != nil {
-		configErrs.Add(fmt.Sprintf("config key %q contains invalid URL (%s)", key, err.Error()))
-		return
-	}
-	switch url.Scheme {
-	case "http":
-	case "https":
-	default:
-		configErrs.Add(fmt.Sprintf("config key %q URL should be http:// or https://", key))
-		return
-	}
-}
-
 // checkLogging verifies the parameters logging.* are valid.
 func (config *Dendrite) checkLogging(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	for _, logrusHook := range config.Logging {
@@ -461,7 +420,7 @@ func (config *Dendrite) checkLogging(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 
 // check returns an error type containing all errors found within the config
 // file.
-func (config *Dendrite) check(_ bool) error { // monolithic
+func (config *Dendrite) check() error { // monolithic
 	var configErrs ConfigErrors
 
 	if config.Version != Version {
@@ -528,58 +487,13 @@ func readKeyPEM(path string, data []byte, enforceKeyIDFormat bool) (gomatrixserv
 	}
 }
 
-// AppServiceURL returns a HTTP URL for where the appservice component is listening.
-func (config *Dendrite) AppServiceURL() string {
-	// Hard code the appservice server to talk HTTP for now.
-	// If we support HTTPS we need to think of a practical way to do certificate validation.
-	// People setting up servers shouldn't need to get a certificate valid for the public
-	// internet for an internal API.
-	return string(config.AppServiceAPI.InternalAPI.Connect)
-}
-
-// FederationAPIURL returns an HTTP URL for where the federation API is listening.
-func (config *Dendrite) FederationAPIURL() string {
-	// Hard code the federationapi to talk HTTP for now.
-	// If we support HTTPS we need to think of a practical way to do certificate validation.
-	// People setting up servers shouldn't need to get a certificate valid for the public
-	// internet for an internal API.
-	return string(config.FederationAPI.InternalAPI.Connect)
-}
-
-// RoomServerURL returns an HTTP URL for where the roomserver is listening.
-func (config *Dendrite) RoomServerURL() string {
-	// Hard code the roomserver to talk HTTP for now.
-	// If we support HTTPS we need to think of a practical way to do certificate validation.
-	// People setting up servers shouldn't need to get a certificate valid for the public
-	// internet for an internal API.
-	return string(config.RoomServer.InternalAPI.Connect)
-}
-
-// UserAPIURL returns an HTTP URL for where the userapi is listening.
-func (config *Dendrite) UserAPIURL() string {
-	// Hard code the userapi to talk HTTP for now.
-	// If we support HTTPS we need to think of a practical way to do certificate validation.
-	// People setting up servers shouldn't need to get a certificate valid for the public
-	// internet for an internal API.
-	return string(config.UserAPI.InternalAPI.Connect)
-}
-
-// KeyServerURL returns an HTTP URL for where the key server is listening.
-func (config *Dendrite) KeyServerURL() string {
-	// Hard code the key server to talk HTTP for now.
-	// If we support HTTPS we need to think of a practical way to do certificate validation.
-	// People setting up servers shouldn't need to get a certificate valid for the public
-	// internet for an internal API.
-	return string(config.KeyServer.InternalAPI.Connect)
-}
-
 // SetupTracing configures the opentracing using the supplied configuration.
-func (config *Dendrite) SetupTracing(serviceName string) (closer io.Closer, err error) {
+func (config *Dendrite) SetupTracing() (closer io.Closer, err error) {
 	if !config.Tracing.Enabled {
 		return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader([]byte{})), nil
 	}
 	return config.Tracing.Jaeger.InitGlobalTracer(
-		serviceName,
+		"Dendrite",
 		jaegerconfig.Logger(logrusLogger{logrus.StandardLogger()}),
 		jaegerconfig.Metrics(jaegermetrics.NullFactory),
 	)
diff --git a/setup/config/config_appservice.go b/setup/config/config_appservice.go
index bd21826fe..37e20a978 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_appservice.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_appservice.go
@@ -22,15 +22,13 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
 )
 
 type AppServiceAPI struct {
 	Matrix  *Global  `yaml:"-"`
 	Derived *Derived `yaml:"-"` // TODO: Nuke Derived from orbit
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-
 	// DisableTLSValidation disables the validation of X.509 TLS certs
 	// on appservice endpoints. This is not recommended in production!
 	DisableTLSValidation bool `yaml:"disable_tls_validation"`
@@ -39,18 +37,9 @@ type AppServiceAPI struct {
 }
 
 func (c *AppServiceAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7777"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7777"
-	}
 }
 
-func (c *AppServiceAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "app_service_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "app_service_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
+func (c *AppServiceAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 }
 
 // ApplicationServiceNamespace is the namespace that a specific application
diff --git a/setup/config/config_clientapi.go b/setup/config/config_clientapi.go
index 1deba6bb5..b6c74a75f 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_clientapi.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_clientapi.go
@@ -9,9 +9,6 @@ type ClientAPI struct {
 	Matrix  *Global  `yaml:"-"`
 	Derived *Derived `yaml:"-"` // TODO: Nuke Derived from orbit
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-	ExternalAPI ExternalAPIOptions `yaml:"external_api,omitempty"`
-
 	// If set disables new users from registering (except via shared
 	// secrets)
 	RegistrationDisabled bool `yaml:"registration_disabled"`
@@ -58,11 +55,6 @@ type ClientAPI struct {
 }
 
 func (c *ClientAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7771"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7771"
-		c.ExternalAPI.Listen = "http://[::]:8071"
-	}
 	c.RegistrationSharedSecret = ""
 	c.RecaptchaPublicKey = ""
 	c.RecaptchaPrivateKey = ""
@@ -74,7 +66,7 @@ func (c *ClientAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	c.RateLimiting.Defaults()
 }
 
-func (c *ClientAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *ClientAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	c.TURN.Verify(configErrs)
 	c.RateLimiting.Verify(configErrs)
 	if c.RecaptchaEnabled {
@@ -108,12 +100,6 @@ func (c *ClientAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
 			)
 		}
 	}
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "client_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "client_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "client_api.external_api.listen", string(c.ExternalAPI.Listen))
 }
 
 type TURN struct {
diff --git a/setup/config/config_federationapi.go b/setup/config/config_federationapi.go
index cd7d90562..8c1540b57 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_federationapi.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_federationapi.go
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 package config
 
-import "github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+import (
+	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+)
 
 type FederationAPI struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-	ExternalAPI ExternalAPIOptions `yaml:"external_api,omitempty"`
-
 	// The database stores information used by the federation destination queues to
 	// send transactions to remote servers.
 	Database DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
@@ -42,12 +41,6 @@ type FederationAPI struct {
 }
 
 func (c *FederationAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7772"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7772"
-		c.ExternalAPI.Listen = "http://[::]:8072"
-		c.Database.Defaults(10)
-	}
 	c.FederationMaxRetries = 16
 	c.P2PFederationRetriesUntilAssumedOffline = 1
 	c.DisableTLSValidation = false
@@ -68,22 +61,16 @@ func (c *FederationAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 				},
 			},
 		}
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:federationapi.db"
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *FederationAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+func (c *FederationAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "federation_api.database.connection_string", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "federation_api.external_api.listen", string(c.ExternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "federation_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "federation_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
 }
 
 // The config for setting a proxy to use for server->server requests
diff --git a/setup/config/config_global.go b/setup/config/config_global.go
index 804eb1a2d..ed980afaa 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_global.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_global.go
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ type Global struct {
 	// component does not specify any database options of its own, then this pool of
 	// connections will be used instead. This way we don't have to manage connection
 	// counts on a per-component basis, but can instead do it for the entire monolith.
-	// In a polylith deployment, this will be ignored.
 	DatabaseOptions DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
 
 	// The server name to delegate server-server communications to, with optional port
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ func (c *Global) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 		}
 	}
 	c.KeyValidityPeriod = time.Hour * 24 * 7
-	if opts.Monolithic {
+	if opts.SingleDatabase {
 		c.DatabaseOptions.Defaults(90)
 	}
 	c.JetStream.Defaults(opts)
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ func (c *Global) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	c.Cache.Defaults()
 }
 
-func (c *Global) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *Global) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "global.server_name", string(c.ServerName))
 	checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "global.private_key", string(c.PrivateKeyPath))
 
@@ -113,13 +112,13 @@ func (c *Global) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
 		v.Verify(configErrs)
 	}
 
-	c.JetStream.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	c.Metrics.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	c.Sentry.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	c.DNSCache.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	c.ServerNotices.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	c.ReportStats.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	c.Cache.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
+	c.JetStream.Verify(configErrs)
+	c.Metrics.Verify(configErrs)
+	c.Sentry.Verify(configErrs)
+	c.DNSCache.Verify(configErrs)
+	c.ServerNotices.Verify(configErrs)
+	c.ReportStats.Verify(configErrs)
+	c.Cache.Verify(configErrs)
 }
 
 func (c *Global) IsLocalServerName(serverName gomatrixserverlib.ServerName) bool {
@@ -267,7 +266,7 @@ func (c *Metrics) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *Metrics) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *Metrics) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 }
 
 // ServerNotices defines the configuration used for sending server notices
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ func (c *ServerNotices) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *ServerNotices) Verify(errors *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {}
+func (c *ServerNotices) Verify(errors *ConfigErrors) {}
 
 type Cache struct {
 	EstimatedMaxSize DataUnit      `yaml:"max_size_estimated"`
@@ -305,7 +304,7 @@ func (c *Cache) Defaults() {
 	c.MaxAge = time.Hour
 }
 
-func (c *Cache) Verify(errors *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *Cache) Verify(errors *ConfigErrors) {
 	checkPositive(errors, "max_size_estimated", int64(c.EstimatedMaxSize))
 }
 
@@ -323,7 +322,7 @@ func (c *ReportStats) Defaults() {
 	c.Endpoint = "https://matrix.org/report-usage-stats/push"
 }
 
-func (c *ReportStats) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *ReportStats) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if c.Enabled {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "global.report_stats.endpoint", c.Endpoint)
 	}
@@ -344,7 +343,7 @@ func (c *Sentry) Defaults() {
 	c.Enabled = false
 }
 
-func (c *Sentry) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *Sentry) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 }
 
 type DatabaseOptions struct {
@@ -364,8 +363,7 @@ func (c *DatabaseOptions) Defaults(conns int) {
 	c.ConnMaxLifetimeSeconds = -1
 }
 
-func (c *DatabaseOptions) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-}
+func (c *DatabaseOptions) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {}
 
 // MaxIdleConns returns maximum idle connections to the DB
 func (c DatabaseOptions) MaxIdleConns() int {
@@ -397,7 +395,7 @@ func (c *DNSCacheOptions) Defaults() {
 	c.CacheLifetime = time.Minute * 5
 }
 
-func (c *DNSCacheOptions) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *DNSCacheOptions) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	checkPositive(configErrs, "cache_size", int64(c.CacheSize))
 	checkPositive(configErrs, "cache_lifetime", int64(c.CacheLifetime))
 }
diff --git a/setup/config/config_jetstream.go b/setup/config/config_jetstream.go
index ef8bf014b..b8abed25c 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_jetstream.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_jetstream.go
@@ -41,11 +41,4 @@ func (c *JetStream) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *JetStream) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
-	// If we are running in a polylith deployment then we need at least
-	// one NATS JetStream server to talk to.
-	checkNotZero(configErrs, "global.jetstream.addresses", int64(len(c.Addresses)))
-}
+func (c *JetStream) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {}
diff --git a/setup/config/config_keyserver.go b/setup/config/config_keyserver.go
index dca9ca9f5..64710d957 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_keyserver.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_keyserver.go
@@ -3,31 +3,19 @@ package config
 type KeyServer struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-
 	Database DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (c *KeyServer) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7779"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7779"
-		c.Database.Defaults(10)
-	}
 	if opts.Generate {
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:keyserver.db"
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *KeyServer) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+func (c *KeyServer) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "key_server.database.connection_string", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "key_server.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "key_server.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
 }
diff --git a/setup/config/config_mediaapi.go b/setup/config/config_mediaapi.go
index 53a8219eb..030bc3754 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_mediaapi.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_mediaapi.go
@@ -7,9 +7,6 @@ import (
 type MediaAPI struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-	ExternalAPI ExternalAPIOptions `yaml:"external_api,omitempty"`
-
 	// The MediaAPI database stores information about files uploaded and downloaded
 	// by local users. It is only accessed by the MediaAPI.
 	Database DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
@@ -39,12 +36,6 @@ type MediaAPI struct {
 var DefaultMaxFileSizeBytes = FileSizeBytes(10485760)
 
 func (c *MediaAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7774"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7774"
-		c.ExternalAPI.Listen = "http://[::]:8074"
-		c.Database.Defaults(5)
-	}
 	c.MaxFileSizeBytes = DefaultMaxFileSizeBytes
 	c.MaxThumbnailGenerators = 10
 	if opts.Generate {
@@ -65,14 +56,14 @@ func (c *MediaAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 				ResizeMethod: "scale",
 			},
 		}
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:mediaapi.db"
 		}
 		c.BasePath = "./media_store"
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *MediaAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *MediaAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "media_api.base_path", string(c.BasePath))
 	checkPositive(configErrs, "media_api.max_file_size_bytes", int64(c.MaxFileSizeBytes))
 	checkPositive(configErrs, "media_api.max_thumbnail_generators", int64(c.MaxThumbnailGenerators))
@@ -81,13 +72,8 @@ func (c *MediaAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
 		checkPositive(configErrs, fmt.Sprintf("media_api.thumbnail_sizes[%d].width", i), int64(size.Width))
 		checkPositive(configErrs, fmt.Sprintf("media_api.thumbnail_sizes[%d].height", i), int64(size.Height))
 	}
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "media_api.database.connection_string", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "media_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "media_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "media_api.external_api.listen", string(c.ExternalAPI.Listen))
 }
diff --git a/setup/config/config_mscs.go b/setup/config/config_mscs.go
index 6d5ff39a5..21d4b4da0 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_mscs.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_mscs.go
@@ -14,11 +14,8 @@ type MSCs struct {
 }
 
 func (c *MSCs) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.Database.Defaults(5)
-	}
 	if opts.Generate {
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:mscs.db"
 		}
 	}
@@ -34,10 +31,7 @@ func (c *MSCs) Enabled(msc string) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func (c *MSCs) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+func (c *MSCs) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "mscs.database.connection_string", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
diff --git a/setup/config/config_relayapi.go b/setup/config/config_relayapi.go
index 5a6b093d4..ba7b78082 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_relayapi.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_relayapi.go
@@ -17,36 +17,21 @@ package config
 type RelayAPI struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-	ExternalAPI ExternalAPIOptions `yaml:"external_api,omitempty"`
-
 	// The database stores information used by the relay queue to
 	// forward transactions to remote servers.
 	Database DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (c *RelayAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7775"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7775"
-		c.ExternalAPI.Listen = "http://[::]:8075"
-		c.Database.Defaults(10)
-	}
 	if opts.Generate {
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:relayapi.db"
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *RelayAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+func (c *RelayAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "relay_api.database.connection_string", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "relay_api.external_api.listen", string(c.ExternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "relay_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "relay_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
 }
diff --git a/setup/config/config_roomserver.go b/setup/config/config_roomserver.go
index 5e3b7f2ec..319c2419c 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_roomserver.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_roomserver.go
@@ -3,31 +3,19 @@ package config
 type RoomServer struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-
 	Database DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (c *RoomServer) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7770"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7770"
-		c.Database.Defaults(20)
-	}
 	if opts.Generate {
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:roomserver.db"
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *RoomServer) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+func (c *RoomServer) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "room_server.database.connection_string", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "room_server.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "room_server.internal_ap.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
 }
diff --git a/setup/config/config_syncapi.go b/setup/config/config_syncapi.go
index a87da3732..756f4cfb3 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_syncapi.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_syncapi.go
@@ -3,9 +3,6 @@ package config
 type SyncAPI struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-	ExternalAPI ExternalAPIOptions `yaml:"external_api,omitempty"`
-
 	Database DatabaseOptions `yaml:"database,omitempty"`
 
 	RealIPHeader string `yaml:"real_ip_header"`
@@ -14,31 +11,19 @@ type SyncAPI struct {
 }
 
 func (c *SyncAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7773"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7773"
-		c.ExternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:8073"
-		c.Database.Defaults(20)
-	}
 	c.Fulltext.Defaults(opts)
 	if opts.Generate {
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.Database.ConnectionString = "file:syncapi.db"
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *SyncAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
-	c.Fulltext.Verify(configErrs, isMonolith)
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
+func (c *SyncAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
+	c.Fulltext.Verify(configErrs)
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "sync_api.database", string(c.Database.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "sync_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "sync_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "sync_api.external_api.listen", string(c.ExternalAPI.Listen))
 }
 
 type Fulltext struct {
@@ -54,7 +39,7 @@ func (f *Fulltext) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
 	f.Language = "en"
 }
 
-func (f *Fulltext) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (f *Fulltext) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	if !f.Enabled {
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/setup/config/config_test.go b/setup/config/config_test.go
index ffbf4c3c5..79407f30d 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_test.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_test.go
@@ -30,14 +30,13 @@ func TestLoadConfigRelative(t *testing.T) {
 			"/my/config/dir/matrix_key.pem": testKey,
 			"/my/config/dir/tls_cert.pem":   testCert,
 		}.readFile,
-		false,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Error("failed to load config:", err)
 	}
 
 	configErrors := &ConfigErrors{}
-	cfg.Verify(configErrors, false)
+	cfg.Verify(configErrors)
 	if len(*configErrors) > 0 {
 		for _, err := range *configErrors {
 			logrus.Errorf("Configuration error: %s", err)
@@ -81,9 +80,6 @@ global:
   jetstream:
     addresses: ["test"]
 app_service_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7777
-    connect: http://localhost:7777
   database:
     connection_string: file:appservice.db
     max_open_conns: 100
@@ -91,11 +87,6 @@ app_service_api:
     conn_max_lifetime: -1
   config_files: []
 client_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7771
-    connect: http://localhost:7771
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8071
   registration_disabled: true
   registration_shared_secret: ""
   enable_registration_captcha: false
@@ -109,38 +100,16 @@ client_api:
     turn_shared_secret: ""
     turn_username: ""
     turn_password: ""
-current_state_server:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7782
-    connect: http://localhost:7782
-  database:
-    connection_string: file:currentstate.db
-    max_open_conns: 100
-    max_idle_conns: 2
-    conn_max_lifetime: -1
 federation_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7772
-    connect: http://localhost:7772
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8072
   database:
     connection_string: file:federationapi.db
 key_server:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7779
-    connect: http://localhost:7779
   database:
     connection_string: file:keyserver.db
     max_open_conns: 100
     max_idle_conns: 2
     conn_max_lifetime: -1
 media_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7774
-    connect: http://localhost:7774
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8074
   database:
     connection_string: file:mediaapi.db
     max_open_conns: 100
@@ -161,18 +130,12 @@ media_api:
     height: 480
     method: scale
 room_server:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7770
-    connect: http://localhost:7770
   database:
     connection_string: file:roomserver.db
     max_open_conns: 100
     max_idle_conns: 2
     conn_max_lifetime: -1
 server_key_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7780
-    connect: http://localhost:7780
   database:
     connection_string: file:serverkeyapi.db
     max_open_conns: 100
@@ -186,18 +149,12 @@ server_key_api:
     - key_id: ed25519:a_RXGa
       public_key: l8Hft5qXKn1vfHrg3p4+W8gELQVo8N13JkluMfmn2sQ
 sync_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7773
-    connect: http://localhost:7773
   database:
     connection_string: file:syncapi.db
     max_open_conns: 100
     max_idle_conns: 2
     conn_max_lifetime: -1
 user_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7781
-    connect: http://localhost:7781
   account_database:
     connection_string: file:userapi_accounts.db
     max_open_conns: 100
@@ -209,11 +166,6 @@ user_api:
     max_idle_conns: 2
     conn_max_lifetime: -1
 relay_api:
-  internal_api:
-    listen: http://localhost:7775
-    connect: http://localhost:7775
-  external_api:
-    listen: http://[::]:8075
   database:
     connection_string: file:relayapi.db
 mscs:
diff --git a/setup/config/config_userapi.go b/setup/config/config_userapi.go
index f8ad41d93..e64a3910c 100644
--- a/setup/config/config_userapi.go
+++ b/setup/config/config_userapi.go
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import "golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
 type UserAPI struct {
 	Matrix *Global `yaml:"-"`
 
-	InternalAPI InternalAPIOptions `yaml:"internal_api,omitempty"`
-
 	// The cost when hashing passwords.
 	BCryptCost int `yaml:"bcrypt_cost"`
 
@@ -28,28 +26,18 @@ type UserAPI struct {
 const DefaultOpenIDTokenLifetimeMS = 3600000 // 60 minutes
 
 func (c *UserAPI) Defaults(opts DefaultOpts) {
-	if !opts.Monolithic {
-		c.InternalAPI.Listen = "http://localhost:7781"
-		c.InternalAPI.Connect = "http://localhost:7781"
-		c.AccountDatabase.Defaults(10)
-	}
 	c.BCryptCost = bcrypt.DefaultCost
 	c.OpenIDTokenLifetimeMS = DefaultOpenIDTokenLifetimeMS
 	if opts.Generate {
-		if !opts.Monolithic {
+		if !opts.SingleDatabase {
 			c.AccountDatabase.ConnectionString = "file:userapi_accounts.db"
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *UserAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors, isMonolith bool) {
+func (c *UserAPI) Verify(configErrs *ConfigErrors) {
 	checkPositive(configErrs, "user_api.openid_token_lifetime_ms", c.OpenIDTokenLifetimeMS)
-	if isMonolith { // polylith required configs below
-		return
-	}
 	if c.Matrix.DatabaseOptions.ConnectionString == "" {
 		checkNotEmpty(configErrs, "user_api.account_database.connection_string", string(c.AccountDatabase.ConnectionString))
 	}
-	checkURL(configErrs, "user_api.internal_api.listen", string(c.InternalAPI.Listen))
-	checkURL(configErrs, "user_api.internal_api.connect", string(c.InternalAPI.Connect))
 }
diff --git a/setup/flags.go b/setup/flags.go
index a9dac61a1..869caa280 100644
--- a/setup/flags.go
+++ b/setup/flags.go
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func ParseFlags(monolith bool) *config.Dendrite {
 		logrus.Fatal("--config must be supplied")
 	}
 
-	cfg, err := config.Load(*configPath, monolith)
+	cfg, err := config.Load(*configPath)
 
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.Fatalf("Invalid config file: %s", err)
diff --git a/setup/mscs/msc2836/msc2836_test.go b/setup/mscs/msc2836/msc2836_test.go
index 0388fcc53..f12fbbfcb 100644
--- a/setup/mscs/msc2836/msc2836_test.go
+++ b/setup/mscs/msc2836/msc2836_test.go
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ func assertUnsignedChildren(t *testing.T, ev gomatrixserverlib.ClientEvent, relT
 }
 
 type testUserAPI struct {
-	userapi.UserInternalAPITrace
+	userapi.UserInternalAPI
 	accessTokens map[string]userapi.Device
 }
 
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ func (u *testUserAPI) QueryAccessToken(ctx context.Context, req *userapi.QueryAc
 type testRoomserverAPI struct {
 	// use a trace API as it implements method stubs so we don't need to have them here.
 	// We'll override the functions we care about.
-	roomserver.RoomserverInternalAPITrace
+	roomserver.RoomserverInternalAPI
 	userToJoinedRooms map[string][]string
 	events            map[string]*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent
 }
@@ -548,8 +548,8 @@ func injectEvents(t *testing.T, userAPI userapi.UserInternalAPI, rsAPI roomserve
 	t.Helper()
 	cfg := &config.Dendrite{}
 	cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   true,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       true,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
 	cfg.Global.ServerName = "localhost"
 	cfg.MSCs.Database.ConnectionString = "file:msc2836_test.db"
diff --git a/syncapi/internal/history_visibility.go b/syncapi/internal/history_visibility.go
index 87c59e03e..ee695f0f5 100644
--- a/syncapi/internal/history_visibility.go
+++ b/syncapi/internal/history_visibility.go
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ func init() {
 }
 
 // calculateHistoryVisibilityDuration stores the time it takes to
-// calculate the history visibility. In polylith mode the roundtrip
-// to the roomserver is included in this time.
+// calculate the history visibility.
 var calculateHistoryVisibilityDuration = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
 	prometheus.HistogramOpts{
 		Namespace: "dendrite",
diff --git a/syncapi/internal/keychange_test.go b/syncapi/internal/keychange_test.go
index 53f3e5a40..d64bea11e 100644
--- a/syncapi/internal/keychange_test.go
+++ b/syncapi/internal/keychange_test.go
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func (k *mockKeyAPI) QuerySignatures(ctx context.Context, req *keyapi.QuerySigna
 }
 
 type mockRoomserverAPI struct {
-	api.RoomserverInternalAPITrace
+	api.RoomserverInternalAPI
 	roomIDToJoinedMembers map[string][]string
 }
 
diff --git a/test/testrig/base.go b/test/testrig/base.go
index dfc0d8aaf..bb8fded21 100644
--- a/test/testrig/base.go
+++ b/test/testrig/base.go
@@ -28,24 +28,24 @@ import (
 func CreateBaseDendrite(t *testing.T, dbType test.DBType) (*base.BaseDendrite, func()) {
 	var cfg config.Dendrite
 	cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-		Generate:   false,
-		Monolithic: true,
+		Generate:       false,
+		SingleDatabase: true,
 	})
 	cfg.Global.JetStream.InMemory = true
 	cfg.FederationAPI.KeyPerspectives = nil
 	switch dbType {
 	case test.DBTypePostgres:
 		cfg.Global.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{ // autogen a signing key
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: true,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: true,
 		})
 		cfg.MediaAPI.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{ // autogen a media path
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: true,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: true,
 		})
 		cfg.SyncAPI.Fulltext.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{ // use in memory fts
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: true,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: true,
 		})
 		cfg.Global.ServerName = "test"
 		// use a distinct prefix else concurrent postgres/sqlite runs will clash since NATS will use
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func CreateBaseDendrite(t *testing.T, dbType test.DBType) (*base.BaseDendrite, f
 			MaxIdleConnections:     2,
 			ConnMaxLifetimeSeconds: 60,
 		}
-		base := base.NewBaseDendrite(&cfg, "Test", base.DisableMetrics)
+		base := base.NewBaseDendrite(&cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 		return base, func() {
 			base.ShutdownDendrite()
 			base.WaitForShutdown()
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ func CreateBaseDendrite(t *testing.T, dbType test.DBType) (*base.BaseDendrite, f
 		}
 	case test.DBTypeSQLite:
 		cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: true,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: false,
 		})
 		cfg.Global.ServerName = "test"
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func CreateBaseDendrite(t *testing.T, dbType test.DBType) (*base.BaseDendrite, f
 		cfg.UserAPI.AccountDatabase.ConnectionString = config.DataSource(filepath.Join("file://", tempDir, "userapi.db"))
 		cfg.RelayAPI.Database.ConnectionString = config.DataSource(filepath.Join("file://", tempDir, "relayapi.db"))
 
-		base := base.NewBaseDendrite(&cfg, "Test", base.DisableMetrics)
+		base := base.NewBaseDendrite(&cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 		return base, func() {
 			base.ShutdownDendrite()
 			base.WaitForShutdown()
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ func Base(cfg *config.Dendrite) (*base.BaseDendrite, nats.JetStreamContext, *nat
 	if cfg == nil {
 		cfg = &config.Dendrite{}
 		cfg.Defaults(config.DefaultOpts{
-			Generate:   true,
-			Monolithic: true,
+			Generate:       true,
+			SingleDatabase: false,
 		})
 	}
 	cfg.Global.JetStream.InMemory = true
 	cfg.SyncAPI.Fulltext.InMemory = true
 	cfg.FederationAPI.KeyPerspectives = nil
-	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Tests", base.DisableMetrics)
+	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, base.DisableMetrics)
 	js, jc := base.NATS.Prepare(base.ProcessContext, &cfg.Global.JetStream)
 	return base, js, jc
 }
diff --git a/userapi/api/api_trace.go b/userapi/api/api_trace.go
deleted file mode 100644
index d10b5767b..000000000
--- a/userapi/api/api_trace.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,219 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package api
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
-)
-
-// UserInternalAPITrace wraps a RoomserverInternalAPI and logs the
-// complete request/response/error
-type UserInternalAPITrace struct {
-	Impl UserInternalAPI
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) InputAccountData(ctx context.Context, req *InputAccountDataRequest, res *InputAccountDataResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.InputAccountData(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("InputAccountData req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformAccountCreation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformAccountCreationRequest, res *PerformAccountCreationResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformAccountCreation(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformAccountCreation req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformPasswordUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *PerformPasswordUpdateRequest, res *PerformPasswordUpdateResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformPasswordUpdate(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformPasswordUpdate req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformDeviceCreation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformDeviceCreationRequest, res *PerformDeviceCreationResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformDeviceCreation(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformDeviceCreation req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformDeviceDeletion(ctx context.Context, req *PerformDeviceDeletionRequest, res *PerformDeviceDeletionResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformDeviceDeletion(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformDeviceDeletion req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformLastSeenUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *PerformLastSeenUpdateRequest, res *PerformLastSeenUpdateResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformLastSeenUpdate(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformLastSeenUpdate req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformDeviceUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *PerformDeviceUpdateRequest, res *PerformDeviceUpdateResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformDeviceUpdate(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformDeviceUpdate req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformAccountDeactivation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformAccountDeactivationRequest, res *PerformAccountDeactivationResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformAccountDeactivation(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformAccountDeactivation req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformOpenIDTokenCreation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformOpenIDTokenCreationRequest, res *PerformOpenIDTokenCreationResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformOpenIDTokenCreation(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformOpenIDTokenCreation req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformKeyBackup(ctx context.Context, req *PerformKeyBackupRequest, res *PerformKeyBackupResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformKeyBackup(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformKeyBackup req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformPusherSet(ctx context.Context, req *PerformPusherSetRequest, res *struct{}) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformPusherSet(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformPusherSet req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformPusherDeletion(ctx context.Context, req *PerformPusherDeletionRequest, res *struct{}) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformPusherDeletion(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformPusherDeletion req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformPushRulesPut(ctx context.Context, req *PerformPushRulesPutRequest, res *struct{}) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformPushRulesPut(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformPushRulesPut req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryKeyBackup(ctx context.Context, req *QueryKeyBackupRequest, res *QueryKeyBackupResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryKeyBackup(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryKeyBackup req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryProfile(ctx context.Context, req *QueryProfileRequest, res *QueryProfileResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryProfile(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryProfile req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryAccessToken(ctx context.Context, req *QueryAccessTokenRequest, res *QueryAccessTokenResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryAccessToken(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryAccessToken req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryDevices(ctx context.Context, req *QueryDevicesRequest, res *QueryDevicesResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryDevices(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryDevices req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryAccountData(ctx context.Context, req *QueryAccountDataRequest, res *QueryAccountDataResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryAccountData(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryAccountData req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context, req *QueryDeviceInfosRequest, res *QueryDeviceInfosResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryDeviceInfos(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryDeviceInfos req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QuerySearchProfiles(ctx context.Context, req *QuerySearchProfilesRequest, res *QuerySearchProfilesResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QuerySearchProfiles(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QuerySearchProfiles req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryOpenIDToken(ctx context.Context, req *QueryOpenIDTokenRequest, res *QueryOpenIDTokenResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryOpenIDToken(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryOpenIDToken req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryPushers(ctx context.Context, req *QueryPushersRequest, res *QueryPushersResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryPushers(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryPushers req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryPushRules(ctx context.Context, req *QueryPushRulesRequest, res *QueryPushRulesResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryPushRules(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryPushRules req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryNotifications(ctx context.Context, req *QueryNotificationsRequest, res *QueryNotificationsResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryNotifications(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryNotifications req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) SetAvatarURL(ctx context.Context, req *PerformSetAvatarURLRequest, res *PerformSetAvatarURLResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.SetAvatarURL(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("SetAvatarURL req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryNumericLocalpart(ctx context.Context, req *QueryNumericLocalpartRequest, res *QueryNumericLocalpartResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryNumericLocalpart(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryNumericLocalpart req= res=%+v", js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryAccountAvailability(ctx context.Context, req *QueryAccountAvailabilityRequest, res *QueryAccountAvailabilityResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryAccountAvailability(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryAccountAvailability req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) SetDisplayName(ctx context.Context, req *PerformUpdateDisplayNameRequest, res *PerformUpdateDisplayNameResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.SetDisplayName(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("SetDisplayName req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryAccountByPassword(ctx context.Context, req *QueryAccountByPasswordRequest, res *QueryAccountByPasswordResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryAccountByPassword(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryAccountByPassword req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryLocalpartForThreePID(ctx context.Context, req *QueryLocalpartForThreePIDRequest, res *QueryLocalpartForThreePIDResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryLocalpartForThreePID(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryLocalpartForThreePID req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryThreePIDsForLocalpart(ctx context.Context, req *QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartRequest, res *QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryThreePIDsForLocalpart(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryThreePIDsForLocalpart req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformForgetThreePID(ctx context.Context, req *PerformForgetThreePIDRequest, res *struct{}) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformForgetThreePID(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformForgetThreePID req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformSaveThreePIDAssociation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformSaveThreePIDAssociationRequest, res *struct{}) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformSaveThreePIDAssociation(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformSaveThreePIDAssociation req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryAccountByLocalpart(ctx context.Context, req *QueryAccountByLocalpartRequest, res *QueryAccountByLocalpartResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryAccountByLocalpart(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryAccountByLocalpart req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func js(thing interface{}) string {
-	b, err := json.Marshal(thing)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("Marshal error:%s", err)
-	}
-	return string(b)
-}
diff --git a/userapi/api/api_trace_logintoken.go b/userapi/api/api_trace_logintoken.go
deleted file mode 100644
index e60dae594..000000000
--- a/userapi/api/api_trace_logintoken.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package api
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
-)
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformLoginTokenCreation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformLoginTokenCreationRequest, res *PerformLoginTokenCreationResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformLoginTokenCreation(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformLoginTokenCreation req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) PerformLoginTokenDeletion(ctx context.Context, req *PerformLoginTokenDeletionRequest, res *PerformLoginTokenDeletionResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.PerformLoginTokenDeletion(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("PerformLoginTokenDeletion req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
-func (t *UserInternalAPITrace) QueryLoginToken(ctx context.Context, req *QueryLoginTokenRequest, res *QueryLoginTokenResponse) error {
-	err := t.Impl.QueryLoginToken(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).Infof("QueryLoginToken req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
diff --git a/userapi/inthttp/client.go b/userapi/inthttp/client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 51b0fe3ef..000000000
--- a/userapi/inthttp/client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,454 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-// HTTP paths for the internal HTTP APIs
-const (
-	InputAccountDataPath = "/userapi/inputAccountData"
-
-	PerformDeviceCreationPath          = "/userapi/performDeviceCreation"
-	PerformAccountCreationPath         = "/userapi/performAccountCreation"
-	PerformPasswordUpdatePath          = "/userapi/performPasswordUpdate"
-	PerformDeviceDeletionPath          = "/userapi/performDeviceDeletion"
-	PerformLastSeenUpdatePath          = "/userapi/performLastSeenUpdate"
-	PerformDeviceUpdatePath            = "/userapi/performDeviceUpdate"
-	PerformAccountDeactivationPath     = "/userapi/performAccountDeactivation"
-	PerformOpenIDTokenCreationPath     = "/userapi/performOpenIDTokenCreation"
-	PerformKeyBackupPath               = "/userapi/performKeyBackup"
-	PerformPusherSetPath               = "/pushserver/performPusherSet"
-	PerformPusherDeletionPath          = "/pushserver/performPusherDeletion"
-	PerformPushRulesPutPath            = "/pushserver/performPushRulesPut"
-	PerformSetAvatarURLPath            = "/userapi/performSetAvatarURL"
-	PerformSetDisplayNamePath          = "/userapi/performSetDisplayName"
-	PerformForgetThreePIDPath          = "/userapi/performForgetThreePID"
-	PerformSaveThreePIDAssociationPath = "/userapi/performSaveThreePIDAssociation"
-
-	QueryKeyBackupPath             = "/userapi/queryKeyBackup"
-	QueryProfilePath               = "/userapi/queryProfile"
-	QueryAccessTokenPath           = "/userapi/queryAccessToken"
-	QueryDevicesPath               = "/userapi/queryDevices"
-	QueryAccountDataPath           = "/userapi/queryAccountData"
-	QueryDeviceInfosPath           = "/userapi/queryDeviceInfos"
-	QuerySearchProfilesPath        = "/userapi/querySearchProfiles"
-	QueryOpenIDTokenPath           = "/userapi/queryOpenIDToken"
-	QueryPushersPath               = "/pushserver/queryPushers"
-	QueryPushRulesPath             = "/pushserver/queryPushRules"
-	QueryNotificationsPath         = "/pushserver/queryNotifications"
-	QueryNumericLocalpartPath      = "/userapi/queryNumericLocalpart"
-	QueryAccountAvailabilityPath   = "/userapi/queryAccountAvailability"
-	QueryAccountByPasswordPath     = "/userapi/queryAccountByPassword"
-	QueryLocalpartForThreePIDPath  = "/userapi/queryLocalpartForThreePID"
-	QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartPath = "/userapi/queryThreePIDsForLocalpart"
-	QueryAccountByLocalpartPath    = "/userapi/queryAccountType"
-)
-
-// NewUserAPIClient creates a UserInternalAPI implemented by talking to a HTTP POST API.
-// If httpClient is nil an error is returned
-func NewUserAPIClient(
-	apiURL string,
-	httpClient *http.Client,
-) (api.UserInternalAPI, error) {
-	if httpClient == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("NewUserAPIClient: httpClient is <nil>")
-	}
-	return &httpUserInternalAPI{
-		apiURL:     apiURL,
-		httpClient: httpClient,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type httpUserInternalAPI struct {
-	apiURL     string
-	httpClient *http.Client
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) InputAccountData(ctx context.Context, req *api.InputAccountDataRequest, res *api.InputAccountDataResponse) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"InputAccountData", h.apiURL+InputAccountDataPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, req, res,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformAccountCreation(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformAccountCreationRequest,
-	response *api.PerformAccountCreationResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformAccountCreation", h.apiURL+PerformAccountCreationPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformPasswordUpdate(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformPasswordUpdateRequest,
-	response *api.PerformPasswordUpdateResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformPasswordUpdate", h.apiURL+PerformPasswordUpdatePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformDeviceCreation(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformDeviceCreationRequest,
-	response *api.PerformDeviceCreationResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformDeviceCreation", h.apiURL+PerformDeviceCreationPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformDeviceDeletion(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformDeviceDeletionRequest,
-	response *api.PerformDeviceDeletionResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformDeviceDeletion", h.apiURL+PerformDeviceDeletionPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformLastSeenUpdate(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformLastSeenUpdateRequest,
-	response *api.PerformLastSeenUpdateResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformLastSeen", h.apiURL+PerformLastSeenUpdatePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformDeviceUpdate(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformDeviceUpdateRequest,
-	response *api.PerformDeviceUpdateResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformDeviceUpdate", h.apiURL+PerformDeviceUpdatePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformAccountDeactivation(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformAccountDeactivationRequest,
-	response *api.PerformAccountDeactivationResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformAccountDeactivation", h.apiURL+PerformAccountDeactivationPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformOpenIDTokenCreation(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformOpenIDTokenCreationRequest,
-	response *api.PerformOpenIDTokenCreationResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformOpenIDTokenCreation", h.apiURL+PerformOpenIDTokenCreationPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryProfile(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryProfileRequest,
-	response *api.QueryProfileResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryProfile", h.apiURL+QueryProfilePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryDeviceInfos(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryDeviceInfosRequest,
-	response *api.QueryDeviceInfosResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryDeviceInfos", h.apiURL+QueryDeviceInfosPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryAccessToken(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryAccessTokenRequest,
-	response *api.QueryAccessTokenResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryAccessToken", h.apiURL+QueryAccessTokenPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryDevices(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryDevicesRequest,
-	response *api.QueryDevicesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryDevices", h.apiURL+QueryDevicesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryAccountData(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryAccountDataRequest,
-	response *api.QueryAccountDataResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryAccountData", h.apiURL+QueryAccountDataPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QuerySearchProfiles(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QuerySearchProfilesRequest,
-	response *api.QuerySearchProfilesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QuerySearchProfiles", h.apiURL+QuerySearchProfilesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryOpenIDToken(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryOpenIDTokenRequest,
-	response *api.QueryOpenIDTokenResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryOpenIDToken", h.apiURL+QueryOpenIDTokenPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformKeyBackup(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformKeyBackupRequest,
-	response *api.PerformKeyBackupResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformKeyBackup", h.apiURL+PerformKeyBackupPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryKeyBackup(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryKeyBackupRequest,
-	response *api.QueryKeyBackupResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryKeyBackup", h.apiURL+QueryKeyBackupPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryNotifications(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryNotificationsRequest,
-	response *api.QueryNotificationsResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryNotifications", h.apiURL+QueryNotificationsPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformPusherSet(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformPusherSetRequest,
-	response *struct{},
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformPusherSet", h.apiURL+PerformPusherSetPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformPusherDeletion(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformPusherDeletionRequest,
-	response *struct{},
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformPusherDeletion", h.apiURL+PerformPusherDeletionPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryPushers(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryPushersRequest,
-	response *api.QueryPushersResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryPushers", h.apiURL+QueryPushersPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformPushRulesPut(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformPushRulesPutRequest,
-	response *struct{},
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformPushRulesPut", h.apiURL+PerformPushRulesPutPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryPushRules(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryPushRulesRequest,
-	response *api.QueryPushRulesResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryPushRules", h.apiURL+QueryPushRulesPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) SetAvatarURL(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformSetAvatarURLRequest,
-	response *api.PerformSetAvatarURLResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"SetAvatarURL", h.apiURL+PerformSetAvatarURLPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryNumericLocalpart(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryNumericLocalpartRequest,
-	response *api.QueryNumericLocalpartResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryNumericLocalpart", h.apiURL+QueryNumericLocalpartPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryAccountAvailability(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryAccountAvailabilityRequest,
-	response *api.QueryAccountAvailabilityResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryAccountAvailability", h.apiURL+QueryAccountAvailabilityPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryAccountByPassword(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryAccountByPasswordRequest,
-	response *api.QueryAccountByPasswordResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryAccountByPassword", h.apiURL+QueryAccountByPasswordPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) SetDisplayName(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformUpdateDisplayNameRequest,
-	response *api.PerformUpdateDisplayNameResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"SetDisplayName", h.apiURL+PerformSetDisplayNamePath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryLocalpartForThreePID(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryLocalpartForThreePIDRequest,
-	response *api.QueryLocalpartForThreePIDResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryLocalpartForThreePID", h.apiURL+QueryLocalpartForThreePIDPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryThreePIDsForLocalpart(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartRequest,
-	response *api.QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryThreePIDsForLocalpart", h.apiURL+QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformForgetThreePID(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformForgetThreePIDRequest,
-	response *struct{},
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformForgetThreePID", h.apiURL+PerformForgetThreePIDPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformSaveThreePIDAssociation(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformSaveThreePIDAssociationRequest,
-	response *struct{},
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformSaveThreePIDAssociation", h.apiURL+PerformSaveThreePIDAssociationPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryAccountByLocalpart(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *api.QueryAccountByLocalpartRequest,
-	res *api.QueryAccountByLocalpartResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryAccountByLocalpart", h.apiURL+QueryAccountByLocalpartPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, req, res,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/userapi/inthttp/client_logintoken.go b/userapi/inthttp/client_logintoken.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 211b1b7a1..000000000
--- a/userapi/inthttp/client_logintoken.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-const (
-	PerformLoginTokenCreationPath = "/userapi/performLoginTokenCreation"
-	PerformLoginTokenDeletionPath = "/userapi/performLoginTokenDeletion"
-	QueryLoginTokenPath           = "/userapi/queryLoginToken"
-)
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformLoginTokenCreation(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformLoginTokenCreationRequest,
-	response *api.PerformLoginTokenCreationResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformLoginTokenCreation", h.apiURL+PerformLoginTokenCreationPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) PerformLoginTokenDeletion(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformLoginTokenDeletionRequest,
-	response *api.PerformLoginTokenDeletionResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"PerformLoginTokenDeletion", h.apiURL+PerformLoginTokenDeletionPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
-
-func (h *httpUserInternalAPI) QueryLoginToken(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.QueryLoginTokenRequest,
-	response *api.QueryLoginTokenResponse,
-) error {
-	return httputil.CallInternalRPCAPI(
-		"QueryLoginToken", h.apiURL+QueryLoginTokenPath,
-		h.httpClient, ctx, request, response,
-	)
-}
diff --git a/userapi/inthttp/server.go b/userapi/inthttp/server.go
deleted file mode 100644
index b40b507c2..000000000
--- a/userapi/inthttp/server.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,197 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-// nolint: gocyclo
-func AddRoutes(internalAPIMux *mux.Router, s api.UserInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	addRoutesLoginToken(internalAPIMux, s, enableMetrics)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformAccountCreationPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformAccountCreation", enableMetrics, s.PerformAccountCreation),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformPasswordUpdatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformPasswordUpdate", enableMetrics, s.PerformPasswordUpdate),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformDeviceCreationPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformDeviceCreation", enableMetrics, s.PerformDeviceCreation),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformLastSeenUpdatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformLastSeenUpdate", enableMetrics, s.PerformLastSeenUpdate),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformDeviceUpdatePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformDeviceUpdate", enableMetrics, s.PerformDeviceUpdate),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformDeviceDeletionPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformDeviceDeletion", enableMetrics, s.PerformDeviceDeletion),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformAccountDeactivationPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformAccountDeactivation", enableMetrics, s.PerformAccountDeactivation),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformOpenIDTokenCreationPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformOpenIDTokenCreation", enableMetrics, s.PerformOpenIDTokenCreation),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryProfilePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryProfile", enableMetrics, s.QueryProfile),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryAccessTokenPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryAccessToken", enableMetrics, s.QueryAccessToken),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryDevicesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryDevices", enableMetrics, s.QueryDevices),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryAccountDataPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryAccountData", enableMetrics, s.QueryAccountData),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryDeviceInfosPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryDeviceInfos", enableMetrics, s.QueryDeviceInfos),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QuerySearchProfilesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQuerySearchProfiles", enableMetrics, s.QuerySearchProfiles),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryOpenIDTokenPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryOpenIDToken", enableMetrics, s.QueryOpenIDToken),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		InputAccountDataPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIInputAccountData", enableMetrics, s.InputAccountData),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryKeyBackupPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryKeyBackup", enableMetrics, s.QueryKeyBackup),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformKeyBackupPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformKeyBackup", enableMetrics, s.PerformKeyBackup),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryNotificationsPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryNotifications", enableMetrics, s.QueryNotifications),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformPusherSetPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformPusherSet", enableMetrics, s.PerformPusherSet),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformPusherDeletionPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformPusherDeletion", enableMetrics, s.PerformPusherDeletion),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryPushersPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryPushers", enableMetrics, s.QueryPushers),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformPushRulesPutPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformPushRulesPut", enableMetrics, s.PerformPushRulesPut),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryPushRulesPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryPushRules", enableMetrics, s.QueryPushRules),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformSetAvatarURLPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformSetAvatarURL", enableMetrics, s.SetAvatarURL),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryNumericLocalpartPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryNumericLocalpart", enableMetrics, s.QueryNumericLocalpart),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryAccountAvailabilityPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryAccountAvailability", enableMetrics, s.QueryAccountAvailability),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryAccountByPasswordPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryAccountByPassword", enableMetrics, s.QueryAccountByPassword),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformSetDisplayNamePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPISetDisplayName", enableMetrics, s.SetDisplayName),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryLocalpartForThreePIDPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryLocalpartForThreePID", enableMetrics, s.QueryLocalpartForThreePID),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryThreePIDsForLocalpartPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryThreePIDsForLocalpart", enableMetrics, s.QueryThreePIDsForLocalpart),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformForgetThreePIDPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformForgetThreePID", enableMetrics, s.PerformForgetThreePID),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformSaveThreePIDAssociationPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformSaveThreePIDAssociation", enableMetrics, s.PerformSaveThreePIDAssociation),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryAccountByLocalpartPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("AccountByLocalpart", enableMetrics, s.QueryAccountByLocalpart),
-	)
-}
diff --git a/userapi/inthttp/server_logintoken.go b/userapi/inthttp/server_logintoken.go
deleted file mode 100644
index dc116428b..000000000
--- a/userapi/inthttp/server_logintoken.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package inthttp
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
-
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-)
-
-// addRoutesLoginToken adds routes for all login token API calls.
-func addRoutesLoginToken(internalAPIMux *mux.Router, s api.UserInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformLoginTokenCreationPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformLoginTokenCreation", enableMetrics, s.PerformLoginTokenCreation),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		PerformLoginTokenDeletionPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIPerformLoginTokenDeletion", enableMetrics, s.PerformLoginTokenDeletion),
-	)
-
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		QueryLoginTokenPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalRPCAPI("UserAPIQueryLoginToken", enableMetrics, s.QueryLoginToken),
-	)
-}
diff --git a/userapi/userapi.go b/userapi/userapi.go
index 183ca3123..2dd81d759 100644
--- a/userapi/userapi.go
+++ b/userapi/userapi.go
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ package userapi
 import (
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/pushgateway"
@@ -29,18 +28,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/consumers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/internal"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/producers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/util"
 )
 
-// AddInternalRoutes registers HTTP handlers for the internal API. Invokes functions
-// on the given input API.
-func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, intAPI api.UserInternalAPI, enableMetrics bool) {
-	inthttp.AddRoutes(router, intAPI, enableMetrics)
-}
-
 // NewInternalAPI returns a concerete implementation of the internal API. Callers
 // can call functions directly on the returned API or via an HTTP interface using AddInternalRoutes.
 func NewInternalAPI(
diff --git a/userapi/userapi_test.go b/userapi/userapi_test.go
index dada56de4..68d08c2fd 100644
--- a/userapi/userapi_test.go
+++ b/userapi/userapi_test.go
@@ -17,23 +17,18 @@ package userapi_test
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
 
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/test"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/test/testrig"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/internal"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/inthttp"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/storage"
 )
 
@@ -142,20 +137,7 @@ func TestQueryProfile(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("failed to set display name: %s", err)
 		}
 
-		t.Run("HTTP API", func(t *testing.T) {
-			router := mux.NewRouter().PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Subrouter()
-			userapi.AddInternalRoutes(router, userAPI, false)
-			apiURL, cancel := test.ListenAndServe(t, router, false)
-			defer cancel()
-			httpAPI, err := inthttp.NewUserAPIClient(apiURL, &http.Client{})
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("failed to create HTTP client")
-			}
-			runCases(httpAPI, true)
-		})
-		t.Run("Monolith", func(t *testing.T) {
-			runCases(userAPI, false)
-		})
+		runCases(userAPI, false)
 	})
 }
 
@@ -347,24 +329,6 @@ func TestQueryAccountByLocalpart(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		t.Run("Monolith", func(t *testing.T) {
-			testCases(t, intAPI)
-			// also test tracing
-			testCases(t, &api.UserInternalAPITrace{Impl: intAPI})
-		})
-
-		t.Run("HTTP API", func(t *testing.T) {
-			router := mux.NewRouter().PathPrefix(httputil.InternalPathPrefix).Subrouter()
-			userapi.AddInternalRoutes(router, intAPI, false)
-			apiURL, cancel := test.ListenAndServe(t, router, false)
-			defer cancel()
-
-			userHTTPApi, err := inthttp.NewUserAPIClient(apiURL, &http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5})
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("failed to create HTTP client: %s", err)
-			}
-			testCases(t, userHTTPApi)
-
-		})
+		testCases(t, intAPI)
 	})
 }
diff --git a/userapi/util/phonehomestats.go b/userapi/util/phonehomestats.go
index 42c8f5d7c..21035e045 100644
--- a/userapi/util/phonehomestats.go
+++ b/userapi/util/phonehomestats.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func StartPhoneHomeCollector(startTime time.Time, cfg *config.Dendrite, statsDB
 		serverName: cfg.Global.ServerName,
 		cfg:        cfg,
 		db:         statsDB,
-		isMonolith: cfg.IsMonolith,
+		isMonolith: true,
 		client: &http.Client{
 			Timeout:   time.Second * 30,
 			Transport: http.DefaultTransport,