diff --git a/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/joined_hosts_table.go b/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/joined_hosts_table.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1437a062b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/joined_hosts_table.go
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2018 New Vector Ltd
+// Copyright 2019-2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/common"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationsender/types"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+)
+
+const joinedHostsSchema = `
+-- The joined_hosts table stores a list of m.room.member event ids in the
+-- current state for each room where the membership is "join".
+-- There will be an entry for every user that is joined to the room.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS federationsender_joined_hosts (
+    -- The string ID of the room.
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- The event ID of the m.room.member join event.
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- The domain part of the user ID the m.room.member event is for.
+    server_name TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS federatonsender_joined_hosts_event_id_idx
+    ON federationsender_joined_hosts (event_id);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS federatonsender_joined_hosts_room_id_idx
+    ON federationsender_joined_hosts (room_id)
+`
+
+const insertJoinedHostsSQL = "" +
+	"INSERT INTO federationsender_joined_hosts (room_id, event_id, server_name)" +
+	" VALUES ($1, $2, $3)"
+
+const deleteJoinedHostsSQL = "" +
+	"DELETE FROM federationsender_joined_hosts WHERE event_id = $1"
+
+const selectJoinedHostsSQL = "" +
+	"SELECT event_id, server_name FROM federationsender_joined_hosts" +
+	" WHERE room_id = $1"
+
+type joinedHostsStatements struct {
+	insertJoinedHostsStmt *sql.Stmt
+	deleteJoinedHostsStmt *sql.Stmt
+	selectJoinedHostsStmt *sql.Stmt
+}
+
+func (s *joinedHostsStatements) prepare(db *sql.DB) (err error) {
+	_, err = db.Exec(joinedHostsSchema)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if s.insertJoinedHostsStmt, err = db.Prepare(insertJoinedHostsSQL); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if s.deleteJoinedHostsStmt, err = db.Prepare(deleteJoinedHostsSQL); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if s.selectJoinedHostsStmt, err = db.Prepare(selectJoinedHostsSQL); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (s *joinedHostsStatements) insertJoinedHosts(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	txn *sql.Tx,
+	roomID, eventID string,
+	serverName gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
+) error {
+	stmt := common.TxStmt(txn, s.insertJoinedHostsStmt)
+	_, err := stmt.ExecContext(ctx, roomID, eventID, serverName)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (s *joinedHostsStatements) deleteJoinedHosts(
+	ctx context.Context, txn *sql.Tx, eventIDs []string,
+) error {
+	for _, eventID := range eventIDs {
+		stmt := common.TxStmt(txn, s.deleteJoinedHostsStmt)
+		if _, err := stmt.ExecContext(ctx, eventID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *joinedHostsStatements) selectJoinedHostsWithTx(
+	ctx context.Context, txn *sql.Tx, roomID string,
+) ([]types.JoinedHost, error) {
+	stmt := common.TxStmt(txn, s.selectJoinedHostsStmt)
+	return joinedHostsFromStmt(ctx, stmt, roomID)
+}
+
+func (s *joinedHostsStatements) selectJoinedHosts(
+	ctx context.Context, roomID string,
+) ([]types.JoinedHost, error) {
+	return joinedHostsFromStmt(ctx, s.selectJoinedHostsStmt, roomID)
+}
+
+func joinedHostsFromStmt(
+	ctx context.Context, stmt *sql.Stmt, roomID string,
+) ([]types.JoinedHost, error) {
+	rows, err := stmt.QueryContext(ctx, roomID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close() // nolint: errcheck
+
+	var result []types.JoinedHost
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var eventID, serverName string
+		if err = rows.Scan(&eventID, &serverName); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, types.JoinedHost{
+			MemberEventID: eventID,
+			ServerName:    gomatrixserverlib.ServerName(serverName),
+		})
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
diff --git a/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/room_table.go b/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/room_table.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6361400d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/room_table.go
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2018 New Vector Ltd
+// Copyright 2019-2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/common"
+)
+
+const roomSchema = `
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS federationsender_rooms (
+    -- The string ID of the room
+    room_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    -- The most recent event state by the room server.
+    -- We can use this to tell if our view of the room state has become
+    -- desynchronised.
+    last_event_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);`
+
+const insertRoomSQL = "" +
+	"INSERT INTO federationsender_rooms (room_id, last_event_id) VALUES ($1, '')" +
+	" ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING"
+
+const selectRoomForUpdateSQL = "" +
+	"SELECT last_event_id FROM federationsender_rooms WHERE room_id = $1"
+
+const updateRoomSQL = "" +
+	"UPDATE federationsender_rooms SET last_event_id = $2 WHERE room_id = $1"
+
+type roomStatements struct {
+	insertRoomStmt          *sql.Stmt
+	selectRoomForUpdateStmt *sql.Stmt
+	updateRoomStmt          *sql.Stmt
+}
+
+func (s *roomStatements) prepare(db *sql.DB) (err error) {
+	_, err = db.Exec(roomSchema)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if s.insertRoomStmt, err = db.Prepare(insertRoomSQL); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if s.selectRoomForUpdateStmt, err = db.Prepare(selectRoomForUpdateSQL); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if s.updateRoomStmt, err = db.Prepare(updateRoomSQL); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// insertRoom inserts the room if it didn't already exist.
+// If the room didn't exist then last_event_id is set to the empty string.
+func (s *roomStatements) insertRoom(
+	ctx context.Context, txn *sql.Tx, roomID string,
+) error {
+	_, err := common.TxStmt(txn, s.insertRoomStmt).ExecContext(ctx, roomID)
+	return err
+}
+
+// selectRoomForUpdate locks the row for the room and returns the last_event_id.
+// The row must already exist in the table. Callers can ensure that the row
+// exists by calling insertRoom first.
+func (s *roomStatements) selectRoomForUpdate(
+	ctx context.Context, txn *sql.Tx, roomID string,
+) (string, error) {
+	var lastEventID string
+	stmt := common.TxStmt(txn, s.selectRoomForUpdateStmt)
+	err := stmt.QueryRowContext(ctx, roomID).Scan(&lastEventID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return lastEventID, nil
+}
+
+// updateRoom updates the last_event_id for the room. selectRoomForUpdate should
+// have already been called earlier within the transaction.
+func (s *roomStatements) updateRoom(
+	ctx context.Context, txn *sql.Tx, roomID, lastEventID string,
+) error {
+	stmt := common.TxStmt(txn, s.updateRoomStmt)
+	_, err := stmt.ExecContext(ctx, roomID, lastEventID)
+	return err
+}
diff --git a/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/storage.go b/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/storage.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f9cfaa99d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/federationsender/storage/sqlite3/storage.go
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2018 New Vector Ltd
+// Copyright 2019-2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+
+	_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
+
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/common"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationsender/types"
+)
+
+// Database stores information needed by the federation sender
+type Database struct {
+	joinedHostsStatements
+	roomStatements
+	common.PartitionOffsetStatements
+	db *sql.DB
+}
+
+// NewDatabase opens a new database
+func NewDatabase(dataSourceName string) (*Database, error) {
+	var result Database
+	var err error
+	if result.db, err = sql.Open("sqlite3", dataSourceName); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err = result.prepare(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &result, nil
+}
+
+func (d *Database) prepare() error {
+	var err error
+
+	if err = d.joinedHostsStatements.prepare(d.db); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = d.roomStatements.prepare(d.db); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return d.PartitionOffsetStatements.Prepare(d.db, "federationsender")
+}
+
+// UpdateRoom updates the joined hosts for a room and returns what the joined
+// hosts were before the update, or nil if this was a duplicate message.
+// This is called when we receive a message from kafka, so we pass in
+// oldEventID and newEventID to check that we haven't missed any messages or
+// this isn't a duplicate message.
+func (d *Database) UpdateRoom(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	roomID, oldEventID, newEventID string,
+	addHosts []types.JoinedHost,
+	removeHosts []string,
+) (joinedHosts []types.JoinedHost, err error) {
+	err = common.WithTransaction(d.db, func(txn *sql.Tx) error {
+		err = d.insertRoom(ctx, txn, roomID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		lastSentEventID, err := d.selectRoomForUpdate(ctx, txn, roomID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if lastSentEventID == newEventID {
+			// We've handled this message before, so let's just ignore it.
+			// We can only get a duplicate for the last message we processed,
+			// so its enough just to compare the newEventID with lastSentEventID
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		if lastSentEventID != "" && lastSentEventID != oldEventID {
+			return types.EventIDMismatchError{
+				DatabaseID: lastSentEventID, RoomServerID: oldEventID,
+			}
+		}
+
+		joinedHosts, err = d.selectJoinedHostsWithTx(ctx, txn, roomID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		for _, add := range addHosts {
+			err = d.insertJoinedHosts(ctx, txn, roomID, add.MemberEventID, add.ServerName)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if err = d.deleteJoinedHosts(ctx, txn, removeHosts); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return d.updateRoom(ctx, txn, roomID, newEventID)
+	})
+	return
+}
+
+// GetJoinedHosts returns the currently joined hosts for room,
+// as known to federationserver.
+// Returns an error if something goes wrong.
+func (d *Database) GetJoinedHosts(
+	ctx context.Context, roomID string,
+) ([]types.JoinedHost, error) {
+	return d.selectJoinedHosts(ctx, roomID)
+}
diff --git a/federationsender/storage/storage.go b/federationsender/storage/storage.go
index 4ce151c7a..e83c1e9d2 100644
--- a/federationsender/storage/storage.go
+++ b/federationsender/storage/storage.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/common"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationsender/storage/postgres"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationsender/storage/sqlite3"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationsender/types"
 )
 
@@ -36,6 +37,8 @@ func NewDatabase(dataSourceName string) (Database, error) {
 		return postgres.NewDatabase(dataSourceName)
 	}
 	switch uri.Scheme {
+	case "file":
+		return sqlite3.NewDatabase(dataSourceName)
 	case "postgres":
 		return postgres.NewDatabase(dataSourceName)
 	default: