diff --git a/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go b/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go
index 37d4ef9c2..d567408be 100644
--- a/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go
+++ b/appservice/consumers/roomserver.go
@@ -18,14 +18,15 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 
+	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/types"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/jetstream"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/process"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
-	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ func (s *OutputRoomEventConsumer) onMessage(ctx context.Context, msg *nats.Msg)
 			}
 			if len(eventsReq.EventIDs) > 0 {
 				if err := s.rsAPI.QueryEventsByID(s.ctx, eventsReq, eventsRes); err != nil {
+					log.WithError(err).Errorf("s.rsAPI.QueryEventsByID failed")
 					return false
 				}
 				events = append(events, eventsRes.Events...)
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 1f55ee5b8..8c334f1e8 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/matrix-org/dugong v0.0.0-20210921133753-66e6b1c67e2e
 	github.com/matrix-org/go-sqlite3-js v0.0.0-20220419092513-28aa791a1c91
 	github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20210324163249-be2af5ef2e16
-	github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20220828085018-5f66df08dc66
+	github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20220830104348-2020bdc55859
 	github.com/matrix-org/pinecone v0.0.0-20220803093810-b7a830c08fb9
 	github.com/matrix-org/util v0.0.0-20200807132607-55161520e1d4
 	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.13
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 8e98e0bcf..aac86010b 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -343,8 +343,8 @@ github.com/matrix-org/go-sqlite3-js v0.0.0-20220419092513-28aa791a1c91/go.mod h1
 github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20190528120928-7df988a63f26/go.mod h1:3fxX6gUjWyI/2Bt7J1OLhpCzOfO/bB3AiX0cJtEKud0=
 github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20210324163249-be2af5ef2e16 h1:ZtO5uywdd5dLDCud4r0r55eP4j9FuUNpl60Gmntcop4=
 github.com/matrix-org/gomatrix v0.0.0-20210324163249-be2af5ef2e16/go.mod h1:/gBX06Kw0exX1HrwmoBibFA98yBk/jxKpGVeyQbff+s=
-github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20220828085018-5f66df08dc66 h1:4+ycQUZ4Do5LeEuiesz6gD7LkjRNUtk8oETFqjalZxQ=
-github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20220828085018-5f66df08dc66/go.mod h1:jX38yp3SSLJNftBg3PXU1ayd0PCLIiDHQ4xAc9DIixk=
+github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20220830104348-2020bdc55859 h1:14mOIE2sGS6YTG1+3GFbVWmAisW5pzyfn3SxJTjkR2I=
+github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib v0.0.0-20220830104348-2020bdc55859/go.mod h1:jX38yp3SSLJNftBg3PXU1ayd0PCLIiDHQ4xAc9DIixk=
 github.com/matrix-org/pinecone v0.0.0-20220803093810-b7a830c08fb9 h1:ed8yvWhTLk7+sNeK/eOZRTvESFTOHDRevoRoyeqPtvY=
 github.com/matrix-org/pinecone v0.0.0-20220803093810-b7a830c08fb9/go.mod h1:P4MqPf+u83OPulPJ+XTbSDbbWrdFYNY4LZ/B1PIduFE=
 github.com/matrix-org/util v0.0.0-20190711121626-527ce5ddefc7/go.mod h1:vVQlW/emklohkZnOPwD3LrZUBqdfsbiyO3p1lNV8F6U=
diff --git a/keyserver/keyserver.go b/keyserver/keyserver.go
index cd506f981..75cdaedb4 100644
--- a/keyserver/keyserver.go
+++ b/keyserver/keyserver.go
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func NewInternalAPI(
 	updater := internal.NewDeviceListUpdater(db, ap, keyChangeProducer, fedClient, 8) // 8 workers TODO: configurable
 	ap.Updater = updater
 	go func() {
-		if err = updater.Start(); err != nil {
+		if err := updater.Start(); err != nil {
 			logrus.WithError(err).Panicf("failed to start device list updater")
 		}
 	}()
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func NewInternalAPI(
 	dlConsumer := consumers.NewDeviceListUpdateConsumer(
 		base.ProcessContext, cfg, js, updater,
 	)
-	if err = dlConsumer.Start(); err != nil {
+	if err := dlConsumer.Start(); err != nil {
 		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("failed to start device list consumer")
 	}
 
diff --git a/setup/base/base.go b/setup/base/base.go
index b21eeba47..87f415764 100644
--- a/setup/base/base.go
+++ b/setup/base/base.go
@@ -25,21 +25,23 @@ import (
 	_ "net/http/pprof"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
+	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/getsentry/sentry-go"
 	sentryhttp "github.com/getsentry/sentry-go/http"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/caching"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/pushgateway"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/sqlutil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
 	"go.uber.org/atomic"
 	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 	"golang.org/x/net/http2/h2c"
 
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/caching"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/pushgateway"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/sqlutil"
+
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/jetstream"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/process"
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/kardianos/minwinsvc"
 
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
 	appserviceAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/api"
 	asinthttp "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/appservice/inthttp"
 	federationAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
@@ -58,7 +62,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
 	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
 	userapiinthttp "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/inthttp"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // BaseDendrite is a base for creating new instances of dendrite. It parses
@@ -87,6 +90,7 @@ type BaseDendrite struct {
 	Database               *sql.DB
 	DatabaseWriter         sqlutil.Writer
 	EnableMetrics          bool
+	startupLock            sync.Mutex
 }
 
 const NoListener = ""
@@ -394,6 +398,9 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 	internalHTTPAddr, externalHTTPAddr config.HTTPAddress,
 	certFile, keyFile *string,
 ) {
+	// Manually unlocked right before actually serving requests,
+	// as we don't return from this method (defer doesn't work).
+	b.startupLock.Lock()
 	internalAddr, _ := internalHTTPAddr.Address()
 	externalAddr, _ := externalHTTPAddr.Address()
 
@@ -472,6 +479,7 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) SetupAndServeHTTP(
 	externalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicMediaPathPrefix).Handler(b.PublicMediaAPIMux)
 	externalRouter.PathPrefix(httputil.PublicWellKnownPrefix).Handler(b.PublicWellKnownAPIMux)
 
+	b.startupLock.Unlock()
 	if internalAddr != NoListener && internalAddr != externalAddr {
 		go func() {
 			var internalShutdown atomic.Bool // RegisterOnShutdown can be called more than once
diff --git a/syncapi/storage/postgres/send_to_device_table.go b/syncapi/storage/postgres/send_to_device_table.go
index fd0c1c56b..6ab1f0f48 100644
--- a/syncapi/storage/postgres/send_to_device_table.go
+++ b/syncapi/storage/postgres/send_to_device_table.go
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS syncapi_send_to_device (
 	-- The event content JSON.
 	content TEXT NOT NULL
 );
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS syncapi_send_to_device_user_id_device_id_idx ON syncapi_send_to_device(user_id, device_id);
 `
 
 const insertSendToDeviceMessageSQL = `
diff --git a/syncapi/storage/sqlite3/send_to_device_table.go b/syncapi/storage/sqlite3/send_to_device_table.go
index e3aa1b7a1..0da06506c 100644
--- a/syncapi/storage/sqlite3/send_to_device_table.go
+++ b/syncapi/storage/sqlite3/send_to_device_table.go
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS syncapi_send_to_device (
 	-- The event content JSON.
 	content TEXT NOT NULL
 );
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS syncapi_send_to_device_user_id_device_id_idx ON syncapi_send_to_device(user_id, device_id);
 `
 
 const insertSendToDeviceMessageSQL = `
diff --git a/syncapi/streams/stream_pdu.go b/syncapi/streams/stream_pdu.go
index fa4c722ce..ffcf64df6 100644
--- a/syncapi/streams/stream_pdu.go
+++ b/syncapi/streams/stream_pdu.go
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ func (p *PDUStreamProvider) addRoomDeltaToResponse(
 
 	if stateFilter.LazyLoadMembers {
 		delta.StateEvents, err = p.lazyLoadMembers(
-			ctx, delta.RoomID, true, limited, stateFilter.IncludeRedundantMembers,
+			ctx, delta.RoomID, true, limited, stateFilter,
 			device, recentEvents, delta.StateEvents,
 		)
 		if err != nil && err != sql.ErrNoRows {
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ func (p *PDUStreamProvider) getJoinResponseForCompleteSync(
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		stateEvents, err = p.lazyLoadMembers(ctx, roomID,
-			false, limited, stateFilter.IncludeRedundantMembers,
+			false, limited, stateFilter,
 			device, recentEvents, stateEvents,
 		)
 		if err != nil && err != sql.ErrNoRows {
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ func (p *PDUStreamProvider) getJoinResponseForCompleteSync(
 
 func (p *PDUStreamProvider) lazyLoadMembers(
 	ctx context.Context, roomID string,
-	incremental, limited, includeRedundant bool,
+	incremental, limited bool, stateFilter *gomatrixserverlib.StateFilter,
 	device *userapi.Device,
 	timelineEvents, stateEvents []*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent,
 ) ([]*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent, error) {
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ func (p *PDUStreamProvider) lazyLoadMembers(
 			stateKey := *event.StateKey()
 			if _, ok := timelineUsers[stateKey]; ok || isGappedIncremental {
 				newStateEvents = append(newStateEvents, event)
-				if !includeRedundant {
+				if !stateFilter.IncludeRedundantMembers {
 					p.lazyLoadCache.StoreLazyLoadedUser(device, roomID, stateKey, event.EventID())
 				}
 				delete(timelineUsers, stateKey)
@@ -596,6 +596,7 @@ func (p *PDUStreamProvider) lazyLoadMembers(
 	}
 	// Query missing membership events
 	filter := gomatrixserverlib.DefaultStateFilter()
+	filter.Limit = stateFilter.Limit
 	filter.Senders = &wantUsers
 	filter.Types = &[]string{gomatrixserverlib.MRoomMember}
 	memberships, err := p.DB.GetStateEventsForRoom(ctx, roomID, &filter)
diff --git a/userapi/consumers/syncapi_streamevent.go b/userapi/consumers/syncapi_streamevent.go
index 7807c7637..ec351ef7e 100644
--- a/userapi/consumers/syncapi_streamevent.go
+++ b/userapi/consumers/syncapi_streamevent.go
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/eventutil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/pushgateway"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/pushrules"
@@ -20,9 +24,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/storage"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/storage/tables"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/util"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
-	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 type OutputStreamEventConsumer struct {
@@ -529,7 +530,9 @@ func (s *OutputStreamEventConsumer) notifyHTTP(ctx context.Context, event *gomat
 	case "event_id_only":
 		req = pushgateway.NotifyRequest{
 			Notification: pushgateway.Notification{
-				Counts:  &pushgateway.Counts{},
+				Counts: &pushgateway.Counts{
+					Unread: userNumUnreadNotifs,
+				},
 				Devices: devices,
 				EventID: event.EventID(),
 				RoomID:  event.RoomID(),